International Journal of Pediatrics

A Comparison of the Effectiveness of Cognitive-Behavioral and Psychodrama on Executive Functions of Children Aged 7 to 12 Years

Sakine Karimi; Mahboubeh Chin Aveh; Samad Fereydoni

Volume 10, Issue 7 , July 2022, , Pages 16266-16280

https://doi.org/10.22038/ijp.2021.57071.4474

Abstract

Background: A review of research in the field of children shows that with the expansion and deepening of studies on children, in addition to physical development, their emotional-behavioral ... Read More Background: A review of research in the field of children shows that with the expansion and deepening of studies on children, in addition to physical development, their emotional-behavioral development has also received more attention. The aim of this study was to compare the effectiveness of cognitive-behavioral and Psychodrama on executive functions of children aged 7 to 12 years.Methods: The research is pretest-posttest quasi-experimental study with control group and follow-up. It was conducted in the second half of 1398 in Avae Mehr Counseling Center in Pasargad (Fars Province, Iran) Available sampling was administered, based on which 24 children registered at the Avae Mehr Pasargad Counseling Center with the diagnosis of externalized disorder and met the necessary criteria participated in the study. The participants were divided into two experimental groups and one control group (8 individuals each). Cognitive-behavioral and Psychodrama therapies were performed for the experimental groups, but the control group did not receive any special intervention. Cognitive-behavioral therapy protocol was performed in 1-hour sessions during 11 consecutive weeks, once a week; and Psychodrama treatment in 1-hour sessions during 12 consecutive weeks, once a week. The research instruments included of executive functions saftware (Stroop word color test, and working memory reinforcement test); and the collected data were analyzed using frequency distribution, mean, standard deviation, analysis of variance, and analysis of covariance in SPSS-25 software.Results: The results of analysis of covariance by modulating the effect of pre-test in post-test showed that there was a significant difference between the three groups in all variables except reaction time in Stroop test. This means that the groups of cognitive-behavioral therapy and psychotherapy had a significant effect on executive function. The results in the follow-up phase also showed that there was a significant difference between the three groups in all variables except the trial time and the number of errors (in the London Tower test), the incorrect number and the reaction time (in the Stroop test). However, there was no significant difference between the cognitive-behavioral and Psychodrama groups on the variable of executive function, meaning that the two therapies did not have different effects on executive function.Conclusion: Both of the cognitive-behavioral and Psychodrama treatments have been significantly effective in the improvement of the participants’ executive functioning. This means that the groups of cognitive-behavioral therapy and psychotherapy had a significant effect on executive function. But the effectiveness of these two treatments does not show a significant difference with each other.

The Diagnostic Value of Different Sonography Findings and Color Doppler Sonography in Detecting Biliary Atresia in Infants and Neonates

Mohammad Ali Kiani; Seyed Ali Jafari; Homa Jajarmi Khayyat; Seyed Ali Alamdaran; Masood Mahdavi Rashed; Maryam Khalesi; Elham Bakhtiari

Volume 10, Issue 7 , July 2022, , Pages 16281-16290

https://doi.org/10.22038/ijp.2022.59436.4635

Abstract

Background: Biliary atresia (BA) is one of the most common etiologies of cholestasis in infants and toddlers. The most important factor in case of patients’ prognosis is its early ... Read More

The Impact of Massage on the Pain and Fear Levels of Children during Venipuncture: A Clinical Trial

Hanieh Neshat; Masoud Jamshidi; Kafiyeh Aslani; Mina Abbasi; Toktam Kianian

Volume 10, Issue 7 , July 2022, , Pages 16291-16301

https://doi.org/10.22038/ijp.2022.59813.4653

Abstract

Background: Experiencing pain and fear caused by venipuncture in children and its management is challenging. Massage is a safe way to manage pain; however, no evidence was found about ... Read More

Are Neutrophil to Lymphocyte Ratio (NLR) and Platelet to Lymphocyte Ratio (PLR) Predictors of Steroid Therapy in Children with Nephrotic Syndrome?

Mahnaz Jamee; Faranak Ghazi; Atena Seifi; Nasrin - Esfandiar; Masoumeh Mohkam; Reza Dalirani; Seyed Mohammad Taghi Hosseini Tabatabaei

Volume 10, Issue 7 , July 2022, , Pages 16302-16308

https://doi.org/10.22038/ijp.2022.60089.4665

Abstract

Background: Nephrotic syndrome (NS) is the most common pediatric chronic kidney disease characterized by massive proteinuria, hypoalbuminemia, edema, and hyperlipidemia. Corticosteroids, ... Read More

Comparing the effectiveness of Braitonic and Yoga exercises in perceptual and motor skills of Multiple sclerosis children

Shayesteh Abdollahi; Mir Hamid Salehian

Volume 10, Issue 7 , July 2022, , Pages 16309-16318

https://doi.org/10.22038/ijp.2022.61436.4727

Abstract

Background: Today, due to the increase in the number of children with Multiple sclerosis (MS) compared to previous years and the difference in severity of the disease in each child, ... Read More

The Relationship between Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease and Allergic Proctocolitis in 1-6-Month-Old Infants

Marjan Rafiei; Soleiman Kheiri; karamali Kasiri; Hassan Talakesh

Volume 10, Issue 6 , June 2022, , Pages 16138-16146

https://doi.org/10.22038/ijp.2022.63377.4831

Abstract

Background: A number of researches have discussed the overlap of symptoms or the simultaneous occurrence of allergic proctocolitis due to consuming cow's milk allergy and gastroesophageal ... Read More

Wearing mask in children: Do's and Don’ts

Nasim Mirzaei; Mitra Abolfathi

Volume 10, Issue 6 , June 2022, , Pages 16170-16173

https://doi.org/10.22038/ijp.2022.60545.4681

Abstract

Due to COVID-19 disease, children of all ages seem susceptible to COVID-19; thus, preventing children from COVID-19 disease is a serious duty. One of the preventive strategies in children ... Read More

Association of SARS-COV-2 Cycle Threshold Values with Clinical and Epidemiological Features of Children and Adolescents in Iran

Mohammad Ebrahim Ghamarchehreh; Hasan Ashoori; Farnaz Vahidian; Behnaz Shabani Fouladi; Dorsa Safari; Bita Najafian

Volume 10, Issue 6 , June 2022, , Pages 16174-16181

https://doi.org/10.22038/ijp.2022.61977.4753

Abstract

Background: The associations between the epidemiological, clinical, and serological features of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and the nasopharyngeal viral load have not, yet, ... Read More

Serum Magnesium Levels in Children with Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus in Northwest Iran

Lida Saboktakin

Volume 10, Issue 6 , June 2022, , Pages 16214-16222

https://doi.org/10.22038/ijp.2022.63730.4849

Abstract

Background: Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus (T1DM) is a chronic disorder that can cause microvascular and macrovascular damages in the long term as well as higher rates of mortality and morbidity ... Read More

Clinical and Socioeconomic Factors Associating with Opium Poisonings in Children and Adolescents

Alireza Teimouri; Noormohammad Noori; Tahereh Boryri; Elham Shafighi Shahri; Sahar Safapour Moghadam

Volume 10, Issue 5 , May 2022, , Pages 15957-15971

https://doi.org/10.22038/ijp.2022.62677.4792

Abstract

Background: Use of opium and derivatives is one of the major health, psychosocial and socioeconomic problems and can lead to complications for societies. The present study aimed to ... Read More

Prevalence of Malnutrition among Iranian Pediatric Patients before and After Hospitalization (2015 To 2017): A Multicenter Study

Masoud Khorshidi; Zahra Fazelifarsani; Sayeh Hatefi; Parisa Torabi; Mina Minaii; Mahmood Hajipour; Beheshteh Olang; Amirhossein Hosseini; Ahmad Khaleghnezhad Tabari; Naghi Dara; Farid Imanzadeh; Aliakbar Sayyari

Volume 10, Issue 5 , May 2022, , Pages 16047-16057

https://doi.org/10.22038/ijp.2022.61132.4710

Abstract

Background: Malnutrition undermines the beneficial outcomes of clinical interventions and also increases hospital costs. Therefore, this study aimed to estimate the prevalence of malnutrition ... Read More

Epidemiology of Pediatric Acute Poisoning in Iran: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Samira Alinejad; Tayyebeh Chahkandi; omid mehrpour; Jeffrey Brent; Seyed Mohammad Riahi

Volume 10, Issue 5 , May 2022, , Pages 16082-16100

https://doi.org/10.22038/ijp.2021.55738.4416

Abstract

Background: The epidemiology of pediatric poisoning differs from one country to another. Due to the scarcity of reviews on this issue in Iran, we performed a systematic review and meta-analysis ... Read More Background: The epidemiology of pediatric poisoning differs from one country to another. Due to the scarcity of reviews on this issue in Iran, we performed a systematic review and meta-analysis of studies providing data on Iranian pediatric poisoning epidemiology.Methods: PubMed, Web of Sciences, Science direct, Embase, Scopus and the Persian databases Magiran, Scientific Information Database (SID), and Iranmedex were searched. Twenty-seven studies published between 2002 and 2019 were included, based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria.Results: 54.7% of the participants in the reviewed studies were male, and 88.1% of them were unintentional. Most of the children were in the age range of 3-5 years. Non-pharmaceutical agents were the most common causes of poisonings (n=7175, 59.2%) and among them, illicit drugs (19.3%) followed by hydrocarbons (16.4%) constituted the most common non-pharmaceutical poisonings. Illicit drugs, especially opioids, showed an upward trend from 2002 to 2019. Among pharmaceuticals, central nervous system (CNS) drugs (50.4%), especially benzodiazepines (BZDs) (25.8%) and analgesics (14.5%), were the most frequent agents implicated. CNS complaints (51.8%), followed by gastrointestinal complaints (27.6%), were the most common symptoms. Ingestion was the most common route of poisoning (22.1%). Most of the poisoning cases occurred in summer (28.2%). 21.7% of the cases were hospitalized and the mortality rate was 0.8%. A remarkable downward trend in both hospitalization and death rates occurred over time.Conclusion: Overall, non-pharmaceutical toxicity was found to be the most common cause of poisoning. However, considering the agents separately, pharmaceuticals, illicit drugs, and hydrocarbons were the most common causes of poisoning, respectively. In contrast to the decreasing trend in hydrocarbons, pesticides, and pharmaceutical poisonings, we found an increase in opioid poisoning during our study period.

A survey of the Challenges Raising from COVID-19 in Sport for all with a focus on Children's Sports and Physical Activities

Zynalabedin Fallah

Volume 10, Issue 4 , April 2022, , Pages 15746-15754

https://doi.org/10.22038/ijp.2022.62856.4812

Abstract

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has significantly impacted people's sports and physical activities. Many studies have examined these effects from different points of view. This study ... Read More Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has significantly impacted people's sports and physical activities. Many studies have examined these effects from different points of view. This study investigates the challenges of COVID-19 in sport for all, emphasizing Children's Sport and Physical Activity.Methods: This research is applied in terms of purpose and descriptive-analytical in terms of data collection, and is conducted by the use of the field method. The population included all experts in children's sports, kindergarten teachers, primary school teachers, and managers of the clubs active in children's sports in Gorgan (N = 750). The sample was determined based on the statistical population and Morgan table (n = 257). A 22-item researcher-made questionnaire with a five-point Likert scale was used to collect the data and assess the effects of COVID-19 on children's sport in three dimensions and ten components. Given the normal distribution of data, the correlated t-test was used to measure the effects. And Friedman's test was used to prioritize the challenges of COVID-19 in sport for all, emphasizing children's sports.Results: The results showed that the challenges of COVID-19 in sport for all with an emphasis on children's sports and physical activities are jeopardizing the physical health of children, increasing the issues related to holding competitions and festivals, increasing unemployment of sports coaches, increasing governmental restrictions for the operation of sports facilities, reducing investment in children's sports, endangering the physical health of individuals, loss of human resources, the financial crisis of sports centers, reducing the income of health-related sports centers and increasing psychological problems (Social Phobia, anxiety and fear of Sports).Conclusions: The results revealed that the challenges raised by COVID-19 in children's sports and physical activity can be managed by giving priority to low-risk sports in open spaces, games, and competitions without spectators, providing unemployment insurance services to children's sports activists, using technology in sports classes, providing support packages and banking facilities for sports center owners and observing health practices.

Changes in the Conventional Echocardiographic Findings due to Lipids Profile Variation in Children with Diabetes Mellitus Type I

Noormohammad Noori; Maryam Nakhaee Moghadam; Alireza Teimouri

Volume 10, Issue 3 , March 2022, , Pages 15552-15566

https://doi.org/10.22038/ijp.2021.55240.4353

Abstract

Background: Diabetes mellitus type I (DMT1) is a highlighted endocrine and digestive issue that involves the heart organs; with more effect when lipids profiles are considered. The ... Read More

An Evaluation of the Responses to the Standard Hepatitis B Vaccination among 8-18-Month-old Children in North East of Iran

Bahman Iri; Masoud Khoshnia; Emad Behboudi; Abdolvahab Moradi

Volume 10, Issue 3 , March 2022, , Pages 15609-15614

https://doi.org/10.22038/ijp.2022.63047.4816

Abstract

Background: Vaccination of children against hepatitis B virus (HBV) is the most effective strategy to prevent infections in their future life. However, the real response to HBV vaccination ... Read More

The correlation of Autonomy Support with Intrinsic Motivation, Anxiety, and Intention to Do Physical Activities in Children

Maryam Abdoshahi; Amin Gholami; Malihe Naeimikia

Volume 10, Issue 3 , March 2022, , Pages 15623-15629

https://doi.org/10.22038/ijp.2022.63021.4810

Abstract

Background: The purpose of the present study was to investigate the association of autonomy-based teaching style in physical education with intrinsic motivation, social anxiety, and ... Read More

The Association between Celiac Disease and Eosinophilic Esophagitis among Children, in Isfahan, Iran

Niloufar Amini; Tooba Momen; Maryam Ghaderian; Hossein Saneian; Mohammad Hasan Emami

Volume 10, Issue 2 , February 2022, , Pages 15521-15528

https://doi.org/10.22038/ijp.2022.62564.4783

Abstract

Background: The prevalence of eosinophilic esophagitis (EoE) has increased in recent decades. Recent studies have found that the prevalence of EoE in patients with celiac disease (CD) ... Read More

Frequency of Hyperglycemic Stress in Patients Referred to Emergency Department of Akbar Hospital in Mashhad Depending on the Type of Disease

Azadeh seyed Mohammadkhani; Ali khakshour; Nosrat Ghaemi; hamidreza kianifar; Zahra Abbasi Shaye; Sepideh Bagheri; Samaneh Norooziasl; Zhila Sheikhi

Volume 10, Issue 1 , January 2022, , Pages 15137-15144

https://doi.org/10.22038/ijp.2021.54629.4316

Abstract

Background: Hyperglycemic stress is a transient increase in blood glucose during an acute physiological stress in the absence of diabetes. In children, a blood glucose level of >150 ... Read More

Effects of Attention Span Symptoms and Attention Feedback on Children's Motor Skills Learning

Nasibesadat Hoseininasab; Mehdi Namazizadeh; Mohammad Vaezmosavi

Volume 10, Issue 1 , January 2022, , Pages 15227-15239

https://doi.org/10.22038/ijp.2021.60626.4685

Abstract

Background: The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of focusing instructions (internal and external) and attention feedback (internal and external) on learning free throwing ... Read More Background: The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of focusing instructions (internal and external) and attention feedback (internal and external) on learning free throwing skills of basketball in children aged 9 to 11 years.Methods: For this purpose, 70 female students aged 9 to 11 years were selected from District 18 of Tehran and randomly divided into five groups of 14 individuals, including one Control Group (CG), along with four Experimental Groups (EGs) of Internal Attention (EG 1), External Attention (EG 2), Internal attention feedback (EG 3), and External attention feedback (EG 4). After learning some basic instructions and watching the instructional video, the pre-test was performed including a 10-item set (10 blocks). The acquisition phase consisted of two sessions on two consecutive days and each session consisted of 5 blocks of 10 attempts with two minutes of rest between the blocks. Immediate retention test was performed immediately after the acquisition phase and delayed retention test was conducted 48 hours after the last acquisition session. Data analysis was performed using repeated measures one-way Analysis of Covariance (ANCOVA), and LSD post hoc test using SPSS software version 20 and Excel at a significant level of P <0.05.Results: The findings revealed that both attention-grabbing methods improved children's motor functions (P <0.05). In combination of data related to internal and external attention as well as external and internal attention feedback, the findings showed that there were significant differences between the effects of interventions on children's motor skills learning, to the advantage of the external attention feedback (P <0.05).Conclusion: The present findings in support of the hypothesis of limited practice in order to learn the motor skills of children's basketball free throwing, recommend the use of feedback and attention signs, especially the external ones.

Evaluation of sleep-disordered breathing in children and adolescents referred to the sleep ward of Qazvin children's hospital during 2014-2019

Shabnam Jalilolghadr; Manouchehr Taghiloo; Elnaz Parsarad; Mohammad Taherahmadi; Hassan Taherahmadi

Volume 10, Issue 1 , January 2022, , Pages 15261-15270

https://doi.org/10.22038/ijp.2021.58958.4598

Abstract

Background: Polysomnography is a gold standard method for examination of information obtained from physiological changes in the body related to sleep. The aim of this study was to diagnose ... Read More

Polysomnographic Findings between Obese and Non-Obese Pediatrics with Obstructive Sleep Apnea

Masoume Mansouri; Saeed Sadr; Hoormehr Nozari; Elnaz Parsarad; Heshmat Ghasemi; Zahrasadat Mohammadi; Shabnam Jalilolghadr

Volume 9, Issue 12 , December 2021, , Pages 14929-14940

https://doi.org/10.22038/ijp.2020.52231.4151

Abstract

Background: The prevalence of childhood obesity, which is associated with the health risk of OSA, is increasing. This study aimed to assess the polysomnographic findings of obese and ... Read More

Prevalence and Risk Factors for Stunting among Children Less than Five Years: a Community Based Study in North-Western Iran

Hamidreza Farrokh-Eslamlou; Alireza Eshagi; Rohollah Valizadeh; Tahereh Omidi; Maasoumeh Maasoumeh Mahdi Akhgar

Volume 9, Issue 12 , December 2021, , Pages 14958-14966

https://doi.org/10.22038/ijp.2021.52498.4168

Abstract

Background: Children under five years of age are the primary victims of malnutrition. This study aimed to investigate risk factors of stunting among children less than 5 years in North-Western ... Read More Background: Children under five years of age are the primary victims of malnutrition. This study aimed to investigate risk factors of stunting among children less than 5 years in North-Western Iran.Methods: This cross-sectional study was performed on 3300 children under 5 years of age in West Azerbaijan province. Selected households were visited by fifteen trained teams. Collected data were consisted of name, date of birth, height, weight, sex, breastfeeding status, age, stunting status (Without stunting, moderate, severe), place of residence, care quality, completion of growth curve and knowledge of mothers about heath cares. The data were analyzed using STATA version 20. Chi-square, binary logistic, and ordinal regression were used. P-values less than 0.05 were considered significant.Results: Among 3300 children, a total of 436 individuals (13.2%) had stunting (moderate: 302 children/severe: 134 children). The Mean weight, height, BMI, month of birth and breast feeding duration in children were 11.89±3.76, 86.26±15.05, 15.88±2.44, 6.23±3.47 and 4.13±5.20, respectively. No significant independency was found among children with/without stunting regarding having breast feeding or cow milk, using baby pacifier and number of under-5-year children in each family (p>0.05). Other qualitative variables were not homogenous (p<0.05). In binary logistic regression analysis, age and weight were presented as risk factors in the model, that is, by increasing one unit of the age, provided that the other variables remain constant in the model, the risk of stunting increases for approximately four times, because the odds ratio (OR = 4.034) is significant (p = 0.021 ). Weight variable also produced such a situation (OR = 4.437, p = 0.007). Assuming that other variables remain constant in the model, the risk of shifting to the higher order of the stunting variable is roughly doubled in the model, because the odds ratio (OR = 2.285) is significant (p = 0.005). Height was a preventive variable in the model for developing stunting (OR = 0.204, p = 0.002). In ordinal regression analysis, weight was presented as a risk factor in the model (OR = 2.285, p = 0.005) and height was a preventive variable (OR = 0.450, p = 0.001).Conclusion: According to the results of the study, prevalence of stunting is high indicating the necessary measures in this regard. Weight, height and age are appropriate predictors to predict stunting in children

Evaluating the Measurement of Urinary Neutrophil Gelatinase Associated Lipocalin for the Diagnosis of Vesicoureteral Reflux in Children

Alireza Eskandarifar; Ramesh Rahehag; Masoumeh Jafari

Volume 9, Issue 12 , December 2021, , Pages 15015-15021

https://doi.org/10.22038/ijp.2021.57426.4508

Abstract

Background: One of the most common urological disorders in childhood is vesicoureteral reflux (VUR) that can lead to kidney injury, scarring and chronic kidney disease. VUR is diagnosed ... Read More

Synbiotic or Zinc Supplementation in the Treatment of Children with Bacterial Pneumonia, a Double-blinded Randomized Clinical trial

Sara Binesh; Aghilollah Keykhosravi; Mahboubeh Neamatshahi; Mehdi Jalili Akbarian; Seyed Morteza Rasti Sani

Volume 9, Issue 12 , December 2021, , Pages 15029-15046

https://doi.org/10.22038/ijp.2021.57697.4525

Abstract

Background: There is disagreement about the use of zinc and synbiotics in improving the effectiveness of antibiotics in the treatment of bacterial pneumonia in children or reducing ... Read More

The Influence of Speed-Strength Training on the Vestibular Stability of Children Aged 13-14 Years with Different Strengths of the Nervous System

Georgiy Polevoy

Volume 9, Issue 12 , December 2021, , Pages 15054-15059

https://doi.org/10.22038/ijp.2021.58495.4571

Abstract

Background: This study aimed to determine the effect of speed-strength exercises on the vestibular stability of schoolchildren with different nervous systems.Methods: The pedagogical ... Read More

Volume 12 (2024)

Volume 11 (2023)

Volume 10 (2022)

Volume 9 (2021)

Volume 8 (2020)

Volume 7 (2019)

Volume 6 (2018)

Volume 5 (2017)

Volume 4 (2016)

Volume 3 (2015)

Volume 2 (2014)

Volume 1 (2013)

Keywords = CHILDREN

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