International Journal of Pediatrics

Effect of Platelets Rich Plasma on Skin Rejuvenation

Mahnaz Banihashemi; Daryoush Hamidi Alamdaran; Solmaz Nakhaeizadeh

Volume 2, Issue 2.3 , May 2014, , Pages 55-55

https://doi.org/10.22038/ijp.2014.2718

Abstract

Introduction Autologous plasma-rich platelet (PRP) is a human platelet concentrated product which is in low volume of plasma. Using PRP in rejuvenation and resolution of some cosmetic ... Read More Introduction Autologous plasma-rich platelet (PRP) is a human platelet concentrated product which is in low volume of plasma. Using PRP in rejuvenation and resolution of some cosmetic problems has been already popular in many countries and also in Iran. As no study performed in this field in Iran and regarding the high prevalence of using PRP in society with no validate references in the case of skin rejuvenation, we are trying to research clinical effects of PRP facial rejuvenation. Materials and Methods: In this clinical trial, 30 volunteer persons with Glogau score of II and III were participated. Appropriate amount of blood obtained in two sessions with 3 months interval and used in order to produce plasma-rich platelet. Immediately after production of platelets, platelet concentrated product injected in sterile condition and 4 ˚C by an expert physician. Injections were 1 cc in upper zone of face, 1 cc in cheeks and 1cc in lower zone of face and were sub-dermal and intra-dermal (Threading technique). Injections were done in two sessions with 3 months interval. Before the beginning and after the end of treatment, digital photography of patients provided. Evaluation of wrinkle improvement was done on the basis of personal judgment of patient and observation of before and after treatment photography by therapeutic physician and a dermatologist who is unaware of order of photos. Results: Mean age of patients was 45.1±6.89 years and in the range of 35 to 55 years. In 3 and 6 months follow-ups, most of patients reported moderate to excellent improvement in periorbital darkness, periorbital wrinkle, nasolabial fold and skin rigidity. Also, in general evaluation of patients in 3 and 6 months follow-ups, most of the patients reported moderate to excellent improvement and only 17% of patients reported no improvement or mild improvement. In therapeutic physician assessment, in 3 and 6 months follow-ups, mild to moderate improvement in periorbital wrinkle and dyschromia in most of the patients reported. But in nasolabial fold assessment, no improvement reported in most of them. In second physician assessment, no improvement or mild improvement was observed in periorbital wrinkle in 3 and 6 months follow-ups. For dyschromia, mild to moderate improvement and for nasolabial fold, no improvement were reported in most of the patients. Conclusion: In this study, patients’ improvement in the assessments of the patients, therapeutic physician and second physician (unaware of study) observed variably which was the most in patients’ satisfaction evaluation. Additionally, best effects of PRP in rejuvenation were specified to improvement of periorbital darkness and decreasing skin wrinkle. Keywords: Facial skin rejuvenation, Plasma-rich platelet.

Co-Transplantation of VEGF-Expressing Human Embryonic Stem Cell Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells to Enhance Islet Revascularization in Diabetic Nude Mice

Ensiyeh Hajizadeh; Yaser Tahamtani; Mohammad Ali Shokrgozar; Harry Heimberg; Yves Heremans; Philippe Ravassard; Hossein Baharvand

Volume 2, Issue 2.3 , May 2014, , Pages 56-56

https://doi.org/10.22038/ijp.2014.2719

Abstract

Background: Pancreatic islet transplantation has emerged as a promising treatment for type I diabetes. However, its efficacy is severely hampered due to poor islet engraftment and ... Read More Background: Pancreatic islet transplantation has emerged as a promising treatment for type I diabetes. However, its efficacy is severely hampered due to poor islet engraftment and revascularization, which have been resulted to partially loss of transplanted islets. It has been shown that local delivery of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) could accelerate transplanted islet revascularization, although permanent high level of VEGF may lead to undesirable side effects. In this study we investigated the effects of conditional cell-based delivery of VEGF through collagen-fibrin hydrogel on transplanted islet function and revascularization. Material and Methods: RH6 human embryonic stem cell derived mesenchymal stem cells (ES-MSCs) have been generated, characterized and transduced by two lentiviruses containing rtTA and VEGF-A. Tet-on expression of VEGF from these cells was shown by tube formation assay and was confirmed through VEGF ELISA. After co-transplantation of these cells and mouse isolated islets through collagen-fibrin hydrogel in the omental pouch of diabetic nude mice, the blood glucose, body weight, glucose tolerance and serum C-peptide was measured after 28 days. As control groups, islets were transplanted alone and with non-transgenic ES-MSCs. For measurement of revascularization, immunohistoflourscence examination was done and micro vessel density (MVD) and vessel size have been measured. Results: Receiving the same number of islets (300 IEQ) in all transplanted groups, the average blood glucose concentrations of mice transplanted with islets/hESC-MSC:VEGF were significantly lower than mice transplanted with islets or islet/hESC-MSC at different time points. This notable difference in blood sugar of transplant groups, was also reflected in their weight gain. Serum C-peptide level was higher in islet/hESC-MSC:VEGF (349.8±51.2 pM) compared with islet/hESC-MSC group and islet group but it was not markedly different from C-peptide levels in normal mice. In intraperitoneal glucose tolerance test (IP-GTT) to examine glucose responsiveness of the islet graft, mice in islet/hESC-MSC:VEGF group returned to normoglycemic state at the same rate as normal mice, while mice in islet/hESC-MSC and islet groups responded more slowly and did not return to the normoglycemic state. The results showed improved islet functionality and micro-vessel density in the group of mice received islets with VEGF expressing hESC-MSC, compared with control groups. Conclusion: We conclude that conditional expression of VEGF from hESC-MSCs during islet transplantation could enhance islet functionality and revascularization. This result can be used to improve the outcome of clinical islet transplantation. Keywords:Co-transplantation, Embryonic stem, Mesenchymal stem cells.

The effect of Dimethyl Sulfoxide on hepatogenic differentiation of Mesenchymal Stem Cells

Effat Alizadeh; Nosratollah Zarghami; Mohammad Reza Baghaban Eslaminejad; Abolfazl Akbarzadeh; Shahrbano Jahangir; Abolfazl Barzegar; Shahryar Hahemzadeh; Abolghasem Mohammadi

Volume 2, Issue 2.3 , May 2014, , Pages 57-57

https://doi.org/10.22038/ijp.2014.2720

Abstract

Background Adipose tissue mesenchymal stem cells (AT-MSCs) are suitable choices in treatment of liver associated diseases. Dimethyl Sulfoxide (DMSO) is an amphipathic molecule ... Read More Background Adipose tissue mesenchymal stem cells (AT-MSCs) are suitable choices in treatment of liver associated diseases. Dimethyl Sulfoxide (DMSO) is an amphipathic molecule with potential of delivering both lipophilic and hydrophilic agents into cells. Few protocols used DMSO for induction of AT-MSCs towards hepatocyte like cells but the effect of DMSO on hepatogenic differentiation were not surveyed, previously. In the present study, we aimed at evaluation of the effect of DMSO in differentiation of AT-MSCs into hepatic lineage. Methods: We isolated MSCs from adipose tissue then multi-potency and surface markers of AT-MSCs was evaluated. Isolated AT-MSCs randomly dispensed in four groups including group 1: HGF treated, 2: HGF+DMSO treated, 3: HGF+ DMSO+ OMS treated, and group control for a period of 3 weeks in the expansion medium without serum, EGF and bFGF was also included in the first stage of inductions. The morphologic changes during induction period was observed with microscopy. The protein levels of albumin and a-fetoprotein (AFP) of the differentiating MSCs was investigated by ELISA and urea production was evaluated by colorimetric assay. The qRT-PCR was performed for quantitation of hepatocyte marker genes including a-fetoprotein (AFP), CK18, HNF4a, and HNF6. The glycogen storage of differentiated cells was visualized by periodic-acid Schiff‘s staining. Results: The results demonstrate that DMSO speeds up hepatic differentiation of AT-MSCs characterized by rapid changes in morphology, higher expression of hepatic marker gene (AFP) in both mRNA and protein level (P<0.05), also, increased transcriptional levels of other hepatic genes including CK18, HNF4a, and HNF6 (P<0.01) moreover, greater percentage of glycogen storage( p< 0.05) in DMSO treated groups. Conclusion: DMSO catalyzes hepatic differentiation, therefore using DMSO for acceleration of the hepatogenic protocols of AT-MSCs appears advantageous. Keywords: Adipose Tissue, Mesenchymal Stem Cells, Hepatic differentiation.

Increase of Proliferation and Colonization in Mouse Spermatogonial Stem Cell by Low Intensity Ultrasound

Mahdi Mohaqiq; Mansoureh Movahedin; Manizheh Mokhtari Dizaji; Zohreh Mazaheri

Volume 2, Issue 2.3 , May 2014, , Pages 58-58

https://doi.org/10.22038/ijp.2014.2721

Abstract

Background Spermatogonial stem cells (SSCs) are the foundation of spermatogenesis. Sound wave especially low intensity ultrasound (LIUS) can be effective on increasing the number ... Read More

Evaluation of the Effect of Platelet-Rich Plasma on Proliferation and Differentiation of Human Dental Pulp Stem Cells with or without Ga-Al-As Laser

Maryam Bidar

Volume 2, Issue 2.3 , May 2014, , Pages 59-59

https://doi.org/10.22038/ijp.2014.2722

Abstract

Background Recently, the clinical use of low power lasers has increased, and it is said that wound healing is accelerated by their irradiation. The aim of this study was evaluation ... Read More

Stem Cell Therapy in Hypoxic Ischemic Encephalopathy

Ashraf Mohammadzadeh; Ahmadshah Farhat

Volume 2, Issue 2.3 , May 2014, , Pages 60-60

https://doi.org/10.22038/ijp.2014.2723

Abstract

Introduction there are one million deaths from asphyxia in newborn annually. Management of this newborn is only supportive. Autologuse stem cell therapy may reduce mortality and long ... Read More

General Anesthesia for Lumbar Puncture and Bone Marrow Aspiration /Biopsy in Children

Ali Ghasemi

Volume 2, Issue 2.3 , May 2014, , Pages 61-61

https://doi.org/10.22038/ijp.2014.2724

Abstract

Background Multiple procedures (Lumbar puncture and bone marrow aspiration /biopsy) cause pain, stress, depression and etc for the patients and their families. Various methods ... Read More

Stem Cells of the Dental Pulp

Mahboobe Dehghani

Volume 2, Issue 2.3 , May 2014, , Pages 62-62

https://doi.org/10.22038/ijp.2014.2725

Abstract

Dental Pulp Stem Cells (DPSCs) can be found within the cell rich zone of dental pulp. These stem cells, under specific stimuli, differentiate into many cell types which have wide ... Read More

Stem Cell-Based Therapy (Cell Therapy) in Iran and other Countries

Mohammad Mousaei Ghasroldasht; Maryam M.Matin; Hamid Reza Bidkhori; Ahmad Reza Bahrami

Volume 2, Issue 2.3 , May 2014, , Pages 63-63

https://doi.org/10.22038/ijp.2014.2726

Abstract

Cell therapy is a modern approach in the treatment of most of the diseases which uses stem cells and it has been recently developed rapidly. Cell therapy has shown satisfactory results ... Read More

Rat Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cell Differentiation to Insulin Producing Cells and Evaluation their Responses in Vitro and in Vivo

Seyyed Abbas Zojaj; Reza Shafiee-Nick; Ahmad Ghorbani

Volume 2, Issue 2.3 , May 2014, , Pages 64-64

https://doi.org/10.22038/ijp.2014.2727

Abstract

Background In recent years, many researchers haveattempted to cure diabetes by using stem cells technology. Stem cells from different sources have capabilityto differentiateinto ... Read More Background In recent years, many researchers haveattempted to cure diabetes by using stem cells technology. Stem cells from different sources have capabilityto differentiateinto insulin producing cells (IPCs) by different methods. The obstaclesof these methods aretheirexpensive materials and complexity ofmethodswhichare practicallydisadvantagesfor producing enough transplantableIPCs that can cure a diabetic patient. The aim of present study was to test a method for isolation and differentiation of rat bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSC)into IPCs which is simple method and produce abundant IPCs. Methods: Adult male Wistar rats 4-6 weeks age and 200-250 g weight were used. Bone marrow was isolated from femoral bone under asepticconditionand cultured as monolayerin DMEM in a density of 1×106/well at 37ºC and 5% CO2 for72 h. After three passages, the cells were differentiated into adiposities and osteocyte cells which approved using oil red and alizarin red staining, respectively. To produce IPCs, BMSC was cultured in low glucose DMEM, with 1% DMSO and without FBS for three days on collagenated coverslips. After three days, theculture medium was changedto DMEM containing 25 mM glucose plus10%FBS and incubated for 7 days. For assessment of insulin secretion capabilityof IPCs, the cells were incubated in DMEM containing5.5 or 25 mM glucose with or without IBMX for two hours. Samples from the medium were taken for subsequent insulin assay For in vivo assay, the mice were made diabetic by injection 200 mg/kgstreptozocinintraperitoneally,which produced a fasting blood sugar about 450 mg/dl. For each mouse, 105 IPCs were injectedintraperitonally. Control mice were injected with 100 µl normal saline.The mice blood sugars were checked every 3 days with a glocoumeter device. Results: The content of secreted insulin in 5.5 m M glucose concentration was about 40miu/ml that raised to72 miu/ml with incubation with 25 mM glucose. The insulin secretion was potentiated by IBMX which increased to 104miu/ml. One week after IPC transplantation to diabetic mice, fasting blood sugar was started to decrease. After two weeks of transplantation, the blood glucose was fallen to 265 mg/dL comparing to control mice which their fasting blood sugar was about 450 mg/dl until end of study. Conclusion: In this study we introduced a simple, valuable and low cost method to produce insulin producing cells from bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells which could be translated into human clinical trials. Keywords: Mesenchymal stem cells, Transplantation, Diabetes.

The Effects of Low Level Laser Therapy on the Expression of Collagen Type I Gene and Proliferation of Human Gingival Fibroblasts (Hgf3-Pi 53): in vitro Study

Ali Forouzanfar

Volume 2, Issue 2.3 , May 2014, , Pages 65-65

https://doi.org/10.22038/ijp.2014.2728

Abstract

Background Recent investigations show that both proliferation and secretion of macromolecules by cells can be regulated by low level laser therapy (LLLT). The aim of this study ... Read More

Noninvasive Stem Cell Labeling Using USPIO Technique and their Detection with MRI

Ayoob Rostamzadeh; Arash Shabani; Reza Ahadi; Mohammad Farzizadeh; Alireza Gharib; Saber Miraki

Volume 2, Issue 2.3 , May 2014, , Pages 66-66

https://doi.org/10.22038/ijp.2014.2729

Abstract

Background: To date, several imaging techniques to track stem cells are used such as positron emission tomography (PET), single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT), Bioluminescence ... Read More Background: To date, several imaging techniques to track stem cells are used such as positron emission tomography (PET), single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT), Bioluminescence imaging (BLI), fluorescence imaging, CT scan and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Although, overall sensitivity of MRI compared to SPECT and Bioluminescence techniques are lower, but due to high spatial resolution (~100 mm), long term three-dimensional imaging capability, in vivo quick access to images in three different sections, and noninvasiveness it is being used as the method of choice. Methods: The present study is the search results for authors and sources of information in the field of molecular and cellular imaging to examine the problems and perspectives about stem cells labeling with Ultrasmall Super Paramagnetic Iron Oxide (USPIO) and their tracking by MRI. Results: With the advancement of technology, including quantum physics, chemistry, and computer software, MRI with an excellent spatial resolution and contrast, is surpasses other imaging modalities in the analysis of anatomical and pathological features and images of all body tissues. From the other side, advances in the astronomical science, chemistry and nanotechnology, high biocompatibility and cytotoxicity of nanoparticles, and due to analysis in the metabolic pathways of iron made the procedure easier; however, there are still several fundamental questions in understanding the mechanism of biological molecules in the living cells including: 1- How to detect not only the location but also the performance of the labeled cells? Probably combination of USPIO nanoparticles with other reporter genes as contrast agents for MRI and PET can simultaneously be used to overcome these limitations 2) How to trace stem cells from pre-clinical models to translate to humans? Up to now, due to issues of bioethics, little studies have been done in this area. 3) Whether the transplanted stem cells that have reached the target tissue, will remain or migrate? Despite the fact that cell proliferation and exocytosis are two main factors for long term protection of USPIO nanoparticles inside cells, their signals cannot be received for a long time. 4) What mechanisms cause stem cells reaching the target tissue to react with their environment? And 5) what is the number of transplanted cells in live tissue, and what is their half-life? Conclusion: This study showed that USPIO nanoparticles can enter the cell with a clear dose without any adverse biological effects and could be detected by SWI and T2* techniques under MRI (1.5 Tesla) scanner for almost one month. MRI as a secure mean can illustrate with optimal resolution the spatial-resolution and three-dimensional positions of the stem cells. Keywords: Ultrasmall Super Paramagnetic Iron Oxide (USPIO), labeled stem cell, in vivo tracking, MRI.

Variations of the Normal Human Limbal Stem Cells Detected by In Vivo Confocal Microscopy

Siamak Zarei-Ghanavati; Juan A. Ramirez-Miranda; Sophie X. Deng

Volume 2, Issue 2.3 , May 2014, , Pages 67-67

https://doi.org/10.22038/ijp.2014.2730

Abstract

Background To report normal variations of the limbal structures using in vivo laser scanning confocal microscopy. Methods: This was a retrospective study of fourteen eyes ... Read More

Expressional Analysis of Stem Cell Marker SALL4 in Mesencephalon during Chicken Embryogenesis

Malihe Bahadori; Saedeh Zafar-Balannezjad; Mohammad Mahdi Forghanifard

Volume 2, Issue 2.3 , May 2014, , Pages 68-68

https://doi.org/10.22038/ijp.2014.2731

Abstract

Background SALL gene family represent a group of evolutionary conserved zinc finger transcription factors which are involved in normal development. It includes four members (SALL1 ... Read More

Different isolation methods of dental pulp stem cells

Solmaz Pourgonabadi; Zahra Tayarani-Najaran

Volume 2, Issue 2.3 , May 2014, , Pages 69-69

https://doi.org/10.22038/ijp.2014.2732

Abstract

Considering the ease of isolation and high expansion potential of pulp stem/progenitor cells isolated from wisdom and primary teeth they have been implicated as the most reliable autologous ... Read More Considering the ease of isolation and high expansion potential of pulp stem/progenitor cells isolated from wisdom and primary teeth they have been implicated as the most reliable autologous cell source in dental tissue engineering. Meanwhile, different isolation methods have remarkable impacts on the expansion potential of adult stem cells. In enzymatic digestion method extracted teeth as dental pulp sources are kept in PBS or medium containing at least 2 % (w/v) antibiotics until isolation procedure. Permanent teeth fractured with a mini hammer in order to get access to the pulp chamber and root canals. After washing with sterile PBS, pulp tissue cut into small pieces as much as possible (~1 mm 3 pieces). Tissue pieces are washed six times with sterile PBS containing 1% antibiotic and 1% amphotericin and placed in 1 ml a solution of trypsin for 15 min in 37°C. Afterthought, tissues were cut in to smaller pieces and placed in six well plates for 10 min to dry. There are some variations in the mentioned method, for instance; using different enzymatic combination of collagenase type I and dispase instead of trypsin. In outgrowth methodpulp tissue placed directly in a cell culture plate with the growth medium after washing with sterile PBS and cutting into small pieces. In the present review, we discuss pros & cons of culturing human dental pulp of wisdom teeth using two methods; enzymatic digestion and outgrowth of stem cells from pulp tissue explants. The most significant differences in enzymatic digestion and outgrowth methods are in reported cell number and homogeneity. While the former is always higher in enzymatic digestion, tissue explants allow the expansion of fibroblastic-like cells in dental pulp cultures. Moreover, isolated dental pulp stem cell in outgrowth method is lower than enzymatic digestion in number but in homogeneity is higher than enzymatic digestion. Kay words: Dental pulp stem cell, Isolation,enzymatic digestion, Outgrowth.

Tissue Engineering in Dentistery

Saedeh khajehahmadi

Volume 2, Issue 2.3 , May 2014, , Pages 70-70

https://doi.org/10.22038/ijp.2014.2733

Abstract

Introduction Perforation of maxillary sinus mucous membrane is of the most prevalent complication during open sinus lift surgery. Moreover, such complication can usually be managed ... Read More

Investigating the Ethical Challenges of Researches and Treatments Using Stem Cells

Z Behroooznia; S Mansouri Majoufardi; Z Hazratian Azizi

Volume 2, Issue 2.3 , May 2014, , Pages 71-71

https://doi.org/10.22038/ijp.2014.2734

Abstract

Background Nowadays using the stem cells has opened a new horizon in the medical science and is indeed a practical and non-invasive method for treating refractory diseases such as ... Read More Background Nowadays using the stem cells has opened a new horizon in the medical science and is indeed a practical and non-invasive method for treating refractory diseases such as Leukemias , lymphomas, blood disorders and so on. Nonetheless, proper and sustainable uses of such powerful cells undoubtedly need to be as per certain ethical principles. of the existing challenges in using stem cells, we could mention issues such as: the resources used for stem cells such as fertilization and intentional abortions, generating embryos merely for laboratory studies, commercial benefits, the degree of accuracy in satisfaction, pushing therapeutic cloning towards reproductive cloning and exaggerated propagations on treatments using stem cells. Investigating the ethical challenges of researches and treatments using stem cells as well as providing suggestions on solving some ethical issues. Methods The research methods are based on using the existing library resources such as books, domestic & foreign magazines as well as the internet websites bearing ethical codes. Results Considering the extensive use of the stem cells, realistic programming for solving the ethical issues seems to be essential. using replacement resources for stem cells including: IVF surplus embryos, aborted fetuses, the embryos produced by Therapeutic cloning via Somatic cell nuclear Transfer (SCNT), Induced pluripotent stem cells (iPS), and parthenogenesis are recommended. Definitely, any of the suggested replacement resources have got their own ethical and complicated issues. promoting development of public umbilical cord blood blanks in order to maintain fairness among various social classes, carrying out the preclinical researches and risk to benefit analysis, performing systematic researches, refusing to pay against donation of gametes & embryos, Recommending cellular-therapy only in case it is safer than other available therapeutic methods. Informing the patient of the adverse effects of cellular therapy, providing the low income patients with financial supports via health insurances, using moral manuals and lastly stressing on religious ethics in line with medical ethics and expanding research and studies on the use of adults' stem cells are recommended as replacement methods. Key words: cellular therapy, cloning, Medical ethics, Stem cells, Research ethics.

The Role of Stem Cell Therapy in Multiple Sclerosis: an Overview of the Current Status of the Clinical Studies

Rokhsareh Meamar; Leila Dehghani; Shahrzad Nematollahi; Amirpoya Tanhaee

Volume 2, Issue 2.3 , May 2014, , Pages 72-72

https://doi.org/10.22038/ijp.2014.2735

Abstract

The complexity of multiple sclerosis (MS) and the incompetence of a large number of promise treatments in MS urge us to plan new and more effective therapeutic approaches that aim to ... Read More

Genetically Engineered Mouse Embryonic Stem Cell – derived Cardiomyocytes as a Suitable Model on Drugs Toxicity In vitro

Leila Dehghani; Mohammad-Hossein Nasr Esfahani; Soheila Tahani

Volume 2, Issue 2.3 , May 2014, , Pages 73-73

https://doi.org/10.22038/ijp.2014.2736

Abstract

Background DOX is a powerful chemotherapeutic agent used in the treatment of solid tumors and malignant hematological diseases. However, its cardiac toxicity limits the clinical usefulness ... Read More

Tc-99m Labeled HMPAO white Blood Cell Scintigraphy in a patient with Hip Prosthesis

Kayvan Sadri; Kamran Aryana; Susan Shafiei; Sepideh Barati; Seyed Rasoul Zakavi

Volume 2, Issue 2.3 , May 2014, , Pages 74-74

https://doi.org/10.22038/ijp.2014.2737

Abstract

Background The ability to follow the distribution and migration of biologically active cells in human is essential for the development of cell-based therapies and diagnostics. Nuclear ... Read More

Repair of Spinal Cord Injury (SCI) Using Bone Marrow Stromal Cell Transfected with Adenoviral Vector Expressing Glial derived Neurotropic Factor (GDNF) in a Rat SCI Model

R Salarinia; A Daei; A Biglari; I Jafari Anarkooli; S Mazloomzadeh; PR Lowenstein

Volume 2, Issue 2.3 , May 2014, , Pages 75-75

https://doi.org/10.22038/ijp.2014.2738

Abstract

Back ground Subsequent to spinal cord injury many pathological changes may occur that could lead to inappropriate environment for repair. The Most important of such changes is ... Read More Back ground Subsequent to spinal cord injury many pathological changes may occur that could lead to inappropriate environment for repair. The Most important of such changes is the death of neurons. Exogenous administration of growth factors that modulate neuronal survival, synaptic plasticity, and neurotransmission has been proposed as a potential therapeutic treatment for SCI. Among these growth factors, GDNF is a peptide with pleiotropic survival and growth-promoting effects on neurons. In addition, GDNF induces the growth of motor and sensory axons and inhibits neuronal apoptosis. Adult stem cells may provide new strategies to treat SCI. Among various types of candidate stem cells, bone marrow stromal cells (BMSC) are promising because they have shown potential to neuronal differentiation and repair in damaged spinal cord. In this study, we aimed to improve results of treatment using combination of BMSC and GDNF features. Methods: Rats were divided randomly into four groups of six. Spinal cord injury was then performed under general anesthesia using the weight dropping method. The BMSCs were injected on 3th day of post-spinal cord injury. Group one included rats receiving normal saline, group two received BMSC, group three received BMSC infected with adenoviruses encoding the beta-galactosidase gene, and group four received BMSC infected with adenoviruses encoding the GDNF gene. A Basso, Beattie and Bresnahan (BBB) score test was performed for a period of four weeks. Two weeks before the end of BBB, biotin dextran amine was injected intracerebrally followed by tissue staining at the end of the fourth week. Results: There was a significant difference in BBB scores between groups one and four (p<0.05). BBB scale improved to 12.8 points group one, while it was 8.6 in the control. There were no significant differences between other groups. There were significant differences in axon counting between group one and other groups (p<0.0001). Also, there were significant differences in axon counting between group four with groups two and three (p<0.0001). Conclusion: Combined use of these methods (GDNF expressing BMSCs) showed better results in comparison with BMSC alone. In this study the two methods were used simultaneously. The time of injection of BMSCs is very important and so we suggest that other injection times be tested. Key words: BMSC, GDNF, Gene Therapy, Spinal cord injury.

The Current Status of Bone Marrow Transplantation in Treatment of Patients with Hemophilia

Hassan Mansouritorghabeh; Alireza Modarresi

Volume 2, Issue 2.3 , May 2014, , Pages 76-76

https://doi.org/10.22038/ijp.2014.2739

Abstract

Background Bone marrow transplantation (BMT)is nowadays used in various hematological disorders including leukemias. Hemophilia A & B are sex linked bleeding disorders in which ... Read More Background Bone marrow transplantation (BMT)is nowadays used in various hematological disorders including leukemias. Hemophilia A & B are sex linked bleeding disorders in which there are various genetic abnormalities in factor VIII & IX genes. Among various hematological disorders, bleeding disorders mainly hemophilia in now widely treated using plasma derived and recombinant factor VIII & IX concentrates. Day to day transfusion of coagulation factor VIII & IX in current lifelong disorder is a burden for the patients and decrease their quality of life. Although infection of coagulation products with blood-borne viruses that was major concern in treatment of hemophilia has been eliminated nearly complete at the present time, but appearance of factor VIII & IX inhibitors are huge burdens in treatment of hemophilia for both clinicians and patients. In this day and age BMT has gathered new insight and acceptable treatment for many hematological and non-hematological disorders. If BMT will be successful in treatment of hemophilia, it will improve quality of life (by nearly permanent treatment without necessary of daily treatment) and decrease mortality rate (by providing continuous coagulation factor level in blood system). The aim of current study was to determine current role of BMT in treatment of hemophilia A & B and evaluate current usage of BMT for treatment of hemophilia A & B. Methods literature review was done using following key words: “bone marrow transplantation & hemophilia”, “stem cells transplantation & hemophilia”, BMT & hemophilia” in PubMed search engine without any time restriction. In addition the literature search limited to English languages papers. Results After complete search, abstracts of 24 original papers obtained and among them full text of 18 full text of papers accessed. The review of current papers showed that although BMT has been used in a rare cases with hemophilia (mainly hemophilia with another blood disorder), it does not use commonly and currently in treatment of patients with hemophilia A at present time. Literature review showed that scientists now focused on bone marrow transplantation in mouse model of hemophilia. Conclusion The literature review showed that BMT at present time is not common medical procedure and it is now in animal models, stage. Key Words: Bone marrow transplantation, Hemophilia, Treatment.

Buccal fat pad: A location for obtaining adipose divide stem cells

Amin Rahpeyma

Volume 2, Issue 2.3 , May 2014, , Pages 77-77

https://doi.org/10.22038/ijp.2014.2740

Abstract

Background Buccal fat pad is known as anatomic structure in between the masticatory muscles that separate these muscles from each other and surrounding bone. Ease of access, ... Read More

The effect of autologus peripheral blood cells transplantation along with platelet rich plasma in the treatment of patients with stress incontinence

Maliheh Keshvari

Volume 2, Issue 2.3 , May 2014, , Pages 78-78

https://doi.org/10.22038/ijp.2014.2741

Abstract

Background The aim of this clinical trial was the assessment of safety and efficacy of submocosal and periurethral injections of peripheral blood derived autologous stem cells along ... Read More

Reconstructionof Human Mandibular Continuity Defects with Allogenic Scaffold and Autologousmarrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells

Mahdi Gholami

Volume 2, Issue 2.3 , May 2014, , Pages 79-79

https://doi.org/10.22038/ijp.2014.2742

Abstract

Background Mandibular continuity defects occur after tumor resection, maxillofacial injury, or osteomyelitis. Despite the current availability of a plethora of treatment modalities, ... Read More

Volume 12 (2024)

Volume 11 (2023)

Volume 10 (2022)

Volume 9 (2021)

Volume 8 (2020)

Volume 7 (2019)

Volume 6 (2018)

Volume 5 (2017)

Volume 4 (2016)

Volume 3 (2015)

Volume 2 (2014)

Volume 1 (2013)

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