International Journal of Pediatrics

Potential use of Dental Pulp Stem Cell in Laboratory Studies and Clinical Trials

Zahra Tayarani-Najaran; Solmaz Pourgonabadi

Volume 2, Issue 2.3 , May 2014, , Pages 80-80

https://doi.org/10.22038/ijp.2014.2743

Abstract

Stem cell-based therapy has great potential in treating health conditions including cardiovascular, autoimmune, type I diabetes, neurodegenerative and bone and cartilage diseases also ... Read More

Facts about Stem Cells and Importance of Them

Masumeh Saeidi; Ali Khakshour; Habibolah Taghizadeh Moghadam; Foad Faroughi; Majid Rahban

Volume 2, Issue 2.3 , May 2014, , Pages 81-81

https://doi.org/10.22038/ijp.2014.2744

Abstract

Stem cells are undifferentiated biological cells that can differentiate into specialized cells and can divide (through mitosis) to produce more stem cells. They are found in multicellular ... Read More Stem cells are undifferentiated biological cells that can differentiate into specialized cells and can divide (through mitosis) to produce more stem cells. They are found in multicellular organisms. In mammals, there are two broad types of stem cells: embryonic stem cells, which are isolated from the inner cell mass of blastocysts, and adult stem cells, which are found in various tissues. In adult organisms, stem cells and progenitor cells act as a repair system for the body, replenishing adult tissues. In a developing embryo, stem cells can differentiate into all the specialized cells—ectoderm, endoderm and mesoderm (see induced pluripotent stem cells)—but also maintain the normal turnover of regenerative organs, such as blood, skin, or intestinal tissues. There are three accessible sources of autologous adult stem cells in humans: Bone marrow, which requires extraction by harvesting, that is, drilling into bone (typically the femur or iliac crest), Adipose tissue (lipid cells), which requires extraction by liposuction, and Blood, which requires extraction through apheresis, wherein blood is drawn from the donor (similar to a blood donation), and passed through a machine that extracts the stem cells and returns other portions of the blood to the donor. Stem cells can also be taken from umbilical cord blood just after birth. Of all stem cell types, autologous harvesting involves the least risk. By definition, autologous cells are obtained from one's own body, just as one may bank his or her own blood for elective surgical procedures. Adult stem cells are frequently used in medical therapies, for example in bone marrow transplantation. Stem cells can now be artificially grown and transformed (differentiated) into specialized cell types with characteristics consistent with cells of various tissues such as muscles or nerves. Embryonic cell lines and autologous embryonic stem cells generated through Somatic-cell nuclear transfer or dedifferentiation have also been proposed as promising candidates for future therapies.

Evaluation of Crystal, Crack and Ethanol on viability of Mesenchymal Stem cells

Shahrzad Havakhah; Azar Hosseini; Malihe Hassan Zadeh3

Volume 2, Issue 2.3 , May 2014, , Pages 82-82

https://doi.org/10.22038/ijp.2014.2745

Abstract

Introduction Nowadays, due to drug abuse the world community has suffered considerable losses, resulting from productivity loss; transmission of ... Read More

Evaluation of Therapeutic Effects of Autologous Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells to Prevent the Progression of Chronic Nephropathy in Renal Transplant

Ali Ghasemi; Freshteh Mamdouh; Farhad Gholami

Volume 2, Issue 2.3 , May 2014, , Pages 83-84

https://doi.org/10.22038/ijp.2014.2758

Abstract

Background Chronic allograft nephropathy(CAN) is one of the most common causes of chronic and end stage renal disease. It is defined with Mainly tubular atrophy and ... Read More Background Chronic allograft nephropathy(CAN) is one of the most common causes of chronic and end stage renal disease. It is defined with Mainly tubular atrophy and interstitial fibrosis and no evidence of any other etiology, or functional disorder that caused at least three months after transplantation . Control of risk factors (HTN,DM,HLP, …) and limiting usage of calcineurin inhibitors or replace all of them keep longer it and positive C4d nephropathy shiting to celecept or increase dose recommended . The use of mesenchymal stem cells has three thrapuitic purposes : first, the ability of these cells into the desired tissue , the induced effects on cell damage and third is regulation of immune system , which is totally new way to deal with the disease. Materials and Method :Using keywords , mesenchyma cells , renal transplantation, chronic failure Search in Google Scholar , impacts of information such as PUB MED, and magazines such KIDNEY INTERNATIONAL and research centers such as the Institute of Digestive Disease Research Center, Tehran University of embryos and one book and dissertations were used. within twelve source material has been collected and summarized. Member reconstruction methods (regeneration), which auto multipotential stem cell and tissue engineering werer used, significant results obtained. In animal models and human studies , these cells inhibit the proliferation and function of immune cells ( T and B cells and NK) and adjust the function of dendritic cells and induction of regulatory T cell activity logs. Their immunomodolatory activities are through non- specific anti- proliferation activity of contact -dependent cell - cell or secreted factors such as IDO or indolamin oxidase 2 and 3 , prostaglandin E2, HLA-G, interferon, interleukin- B1 The combination of injected antibodies and stem cells transplantation was effective, the incidence of acute rejection in the first year, fewer opportunistic infections , and renal function was significantly better in the group of stem cells. The effect of autologous cell transplantation bone marrow stem cell on renal allograft significantly improved compared to that in all cases , the use of stem cell therapy approach is effective and without danger . Transplantation of bone marrow -derived mesenchymal cells with Pioglitazone in patients with decompensated cirrhosis ( clinical trial phase I). Reducing fibrosis , or prevention of fibrosis in animal studies has been shown to possess twice CD133 cell transplantation or bone marrow-derived mononuclear cells compared with a control group of patients with decompensated liver cirrhosis in human samples is ongoing .Portal venous injection of stem cells into hepatic indices somewhat improved . Repeated cell transfusions in these patients may lead to lasting health effects . No clinical studies done on the effects of these cells in transplant rejection and treatment of fibrosis. Therapy with autologous mesenchymal stem cell for allograft rejection is safe (Safety), and available (Feasibility). Findings further benefit their immunosuppressive effects. Intravenous injection of mesenchymal stem cells can largely reduce the symptoms of graft rejection and graft survival. members can help . Transplantation of mesenchymal cells, also reduces memory fatal cells. Results:Nephropathy and chronic renal allograft rejection is a potential problem that they are facing almost 90 % of the recipient ,. The two groups of Patients have similar incidence of acute rejection and graft survivle , fewer opportunistic infections in the first year , and was significantly better renal function in stem cells DGF in patients receiving stem cell significantly decreased than control group. early half of the patients in the control group had DGFwhich occurred in the first week and Cratinin was significantly lowerin the first and second week in the case group. Injections ( one million cells per kilogram of patient weight ) of autologous mesenchymal cells derived from bone marrow was done and biopsies showed, fibrosis and atrophy of the tubules according to protocol after the link (IF / TA) was approved . Studies showed that treatment with stem cells autologous transplant rejection in renal allografts is harmless (Safety), and available (Feasibility) , and findings for the benefit of their immunosuppressive effects .Conclusions: Several clinical trial was done and are doing .Therapy with autologous stem cell for choronic allograft nephropathy is harmlesss (Safety), and available (Feasibility) , and findings confirmed for the benefit of their immunosuppressive effects Derived mesenchymal stem cells not only increasing regulatory cells ,but also reduces fatal memory cells and possible repair or reconstruction may provide with these cells. Regeneration, and repair with multi -potential stem cell or isolated mesenchymal cells from the patient's associated tissue engineering , particularly in the kidney have achieved considerable results.

Stem Cells Application in Modeling of Human Genetic Diseases

Hoda Mollaei; Mohammad Khalaj-kondori

Volume 2, Issue 2.3 , May 2014, , Pages 85-85

https://doi.org/10.22038/ijp.2014.2759

Abstract

The use of animal models in modeling of human genetic disease has many advantages. In some cases, however, this method may not be applicable due to some limitations, such as differences ... Read More

Toxicity Study of Gelatin-chitosan Films with Bone Marrow Stromalcells Cultured in Rat

Afsane Karami Juyani; Mehdi Saberi; Gholamreza Kaka; Mahvash Jafari; Simin Riyahi; Maliheh Taghizadeh

Volume 2, Issue 2.3 , May 2014, , Pages 87-87

https://doi.org/10.22038/ijp.2014.2761

Abstract

Background Gelatin and chitosan are known as biodegradable and biocompatible biopolymers.These biopolymers have recently receivedincreasingly more attention for tissueengineering.The ... Read More Background Gelatin and chitosan are known as biodegradable and biocompatible biopolymers.These biopolymers have recently receivedincreasingly more attention for tissueengineering.The aim of this study was to evaluate the toxicity effects of gelatin-chitosan film on bone marrow stromal cell(BMSCs) culture in rat. Material & Methods: First, gelatin- chitosan composites film were prepared by solution mixing, followed by film casting of both biopolymers in glacial acetic acid.After two passage of BMSCs culture, the cells were cultured in four plate groups including: control plates have no any film,gelatinplates,chitosan plates and gelatin- chitosan plates.Theproliferation,differentiation,viability and apoptosis rates of BMSCs were studied duringthesecond,fourthand sixth days.The activity of superoxidedismutase(SOD),catalase(CAT)and glutathione(GSH) and malondialdehyde(MDA) levels were determined by using biochemical methods. Results: The results showed that the mean BMSCs proliferation significantly reduced in chitosan group compared to control group (p<0.05),but in gelatin and gelatin- chitosan groups were similar to control group.Mean percentage of BMSCs apoptosis in all groups except chitosan group were similar to control group. Mean percentage of BMSCs viability at all groups was similar to control group except chitosan film. In addition, no significant changes were observed in CAT activity and GSH and MDA levels in comparison with control group.After72hours,SOD activity in gelatin-chitosan group was significantly reduced compared to other groups. No cell differentiation was detected in all groups. Conclusion: Results of proliferation, differentiation, apoptosis and antioxidantactivity in cultured BMSCs on a gelatin–chitosanfilm showed that gelatin-chitosanfilm can be used in tissue engineering and cell therapy as a good model of a biodegradable scaffold. Keywords: Antioxidant system, Bone Marrow Stromal Cells, Cell Proliferation andDifferentiation, Gelatin-Chitosan Film.

Histological Evidences after Platelet-Rich-Plasma and Adipose Drived Stem Cells Injection on Critical Size Cleft Palate

Sima Tavakolinejad; Daryoush Hamidi Alamdari; Saeedeh Khajehahmadi; Alireza Ebrahimzadeh Bidskan

Volume 2, Issue 2.3 , May 2014, , Pages 88-88

https://doi.org/10.22038/ijp.2014.2762

Abstract

Background Cleft palate (CP) is a common congenital defect. It makes serious difficulties for cleft-affected children. The gold standard of care is autogenous bone grafting which may ... Read More Background Cleft palate (CP) is a common congenital defect. It makes serious difficulties for cleft-affected children. The gold standard of care is autogenous bone grafting which may cause additional problems in donor site along with disappointing results. Tissue engineering is a promising solution for a widespread range of defects and disorders. It is reasonable to utilize this novel technology for CP management. Stem cells and growth factors play essential role in tissue engineering. Adipose tissue contains a population of stem cells that can be isolated and differentiated into various cell lines, including osteoblasts. In this study, the authors used human Adipose-derived stem cells(hADSCs) and osteogenically differentiated hADSCs along with platelet rich plasma(PRP), a source of growth factors, to repair rat palatal bone defects. Materials and Method: Palatal bone defects were surgically made in 56 female rats. Animals divided into 7 groups (n=8). Human adipose-derived stem cells were collected and incubated with Bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU) in order to labeling. The same was done to osteogenically differentiated hADSCs. Afterwards, the labeled cells were mixed either with PRP or Aminoplasmal and injected to the defect borders. Immunohistochemistry and morphometry analysis were performed 4weeks later. Results: Data showed a significant difference in cleft size between cell-injected and control groups while the cleft site fills with connective tissue rather than osseous tissue. Moreover, immunohistochemistry findings proved the presences of labeled cells in surrounding tissue. There is no significant difference between undifferentiated and osteogenically differentiated cells both in numerical area density of cells and defect size. Conclusion: This study revealed the feasibility of stem cell and PRP application according to CP reconstruction. Further investigation toward clinical application of tissue engineering in CP may eliminate bone harvesting and its negative consequences. Keywords: Adipose Derived Stem Cells, Cell Therapy, Cleft Palate, Platelet-Rich-Plasma.

STAT3 as a Key Factor in Tumor Microenvironment and Cancer Stem Cell

Zahra Seyedi; Abasalt Hosseinzadeh Colagar; Mohammad Reza Jaafari; Mohammad Reza Hashemzadeh

Volume 2, Issue 2.3 , May 2014, , Pages 89-89

https://doi.org/10.22038/ijp.2014.2763

Abstract

Background Recent studies revealed that tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) play a decisive role in the regulation of tumor progression by manipulating tumor oncogenesis, angiogenesis ... Read More

Investigation of FLK-1 Gene Expression in Differentiated Mesenchymal Stem Cells, Exposed to Chemical, Mechanical and Chemical-mechanical Factors, in order to Study the Differentiation and its Stability

E Hasanzadeh; GH Amoabediny; N Haghighipour; N Amirzadeh; J Mohammadnejad; N Gholami

Volume 2, Issue 2.3 , May 2014, , Pages 90-90

https://doi.org/10.22038/ijp.2014.2764

Abstract

Background: Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are multipotent cells, capable of differentiating into different cell lines.They can sense their surrounding biochemical and biophysical factors, ... Read More Background: Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are multipotent cells, capable of differentiating into different cell lines.They can sense their surrounding biochemical and biophysical factors, which play major roles in their differentiation toward different phenotypes. Therefore, the exposure of these cells to endothelial growth factor (VEGF) as well as hemodynamic biomechanical forces, which act on endothelial cells in vivo, may direct MSCs toward vascular covering endothelial cells. The aim of this study, is to investigate the effects of chemical, mechanical and chemical-mechanical factors on the differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells and to examine the stability of this in vitro differentiation. Materials and Method: Human Subcutaneous adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells were cultured in DMEM containing 20% FBS. They were characterized in passage 2, using flow cytometery technique and then were used in experiments. Mesenchymal stem cells were cultured in tubular silicone scaffolds, and then exposed to endothelial growth factor (VEGE), shear stress or combination of these two signals. In order to examine the differentiation, the expression level of FLK-1, as an endothelial specific gene, was studied. For studying the stability of this differentiation, FLK-1 mRNA levels were quantified using Real-Time PCR, upon completion of experiments, as well as on the 5thand 10th days after the tests. Results: According to the results of Real-Time PCR, immediately upon the completion of tests, mRNA level of FLK-1 was higher in the mechanical group (5.44), compared to the chemical (1.18) and chemical-mechanical (2.65) ones. On the 5th and 10th days after the experiments, FLK-1 expression levels were higher in chemical-mechanical group (6.34 and 7.56 respectively), compared to the chemical (2.18 and 0.99, respectively), and mechanical (2.96 and 3.92, respectively) ones. Conclusion: The findings of this study demonstrate that not only FLK-1 gene expression is stable over time, but also cells exposed to the chemical and mechanical cues, simultaneously, show the highest expression of this gene. The increase in FLK-1 expression over time implies the enhanced compatibility of differentiated cells with each other and their surrounding environment, which may be probably due to the higher sensitivity of FLK-1 gene expression to the combination of chemical and mechanical signals. Keywords: Differentiation, Shear stress, Stem cell, Stability, VEGF.

Evaluation of β-actin as a Reference Gene for Comparative Expression Analysis of Equine Adipose- and Bone Marrow-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells by qRT-PCR

Fatemeh Nazari; Abbas Parham; Adham Fani Maleki

Volume 2, Issue 2.3 , May 2014, , Pages 91-91

https://doi.org/10.22038/ijp.2014.2765

Abstract

Background Bone marrow and adipose tissue are two main sources of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). Some of studies suggest that there are some differences in gene expression profile ... Read More

Effect of Purification of Human Adipose-derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells on the Expression of vWF Cell Factor Under Chemical and Mechanical Conditions

N Gholami; GH Amoabediny; N Haghighipour; N Amirzadeh; J Mohammadnejad; E Hasanzadeh

Volume 2, Issue 2.3 , May 2014, , Pages 92-92

https://doi.org/10.22038/ijp.2014.2806

Abstract

Introduction: Human adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hADSCs) are easily accessible in the body, and under appropriate conditions, they can be directed toward various phenotypes. ... Read More Introduction: Human adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hADSCs) are easily accessible in the body, and under appropriate conditions, they can be directed toward various phenotypes. Therefore, hADSCs have been considered as a potential cell source for tissue engineering applications. hADSCs are able to differentiate into endothelial cells which covers the interior surface of vessels, in vivo. CD271 is a surface marker for hADSCs and hADSCs purified based on this marker (ADSCs-CD271+) are more capable of differentiating into various cells such as endothelial cells. In the present work, ADSCs-CD271+ were exposed to endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in vitro, and using a perfusion bioreactor, the effect of shear stress (a mechanical signal that is naturally produced by blood flowing ), on their differentiation into endothelial cells was investigated. Materials and Method: hADSCs were isolated from fat tissue and cultured in DMEM containing 10% FBS. Then they were characterized in passage 2, using flow cytometery technique. CD271expression level was examined and flow cytometry using antibodies was used to separate ADSCs-CD271+ from (p2) ADSCs. ADSCs-CD271+ were cultured and characterized and their expression level was examined. ADSCs and ADSCs-CD271+ in passage 3 were infused into 2 mm-diameter-silicone tubes coated with collagen I. The four experimental groups included control group (cells exposed to DMEM + 10% FBS, for 7 days), chemical group (cells exposed to differentiation medium containing DMEM, 3% FBS and 50 ng/ml of VEGF, for 7 days), mechanical group (cells were in a designed perfusion bioreactor, under application of 4 dyn/cm2 of shear stress for 24 hours) as well as chemical- mechanical group. Real-Time PCR was used to quantify the expression level of vWF (the factor specifying endothelial cells) in the experimental groups. Results: in the current work, ADSCs showed 1% of CD271 marker, which was increased to 52% after purification. Evaluation of surface markers using flow cytometry confirmed the mesenchymal characteristics of both cell groups. According to the results from Real-time PCR, the chemical-mechanical group, the mechanical group and then the chemical group (in both purified and unpurified cells) showed the highest expression of vWF, respectively. The expression of vWF was generally higher in ADSCs-CD271+ groups compared ADSCs ones. Conclusion: The findings of this study imply that MSCs purification as well as combining the chemical and mechanical factors can improve vWF expression. Keywords: Adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cell, CD271,Differentiation, VEGF, shear stress, vWF gene.

Comparative Analysis of Expression of Chemokoine Receptors CXCR4, CXCR6, CCR1 and CX3CR in Human Adipose-Drived Mesenchymal Stem Cell with Valproic Acid

Maryam Hasanzadeh-Moghadam; Amin Edalatmanesh Mohamad; Ali Akbar Haddad Mashhadrizeh

Volume 2, Issue 2.3 , May 2014, , Pages 93-93

https://doi.org/10.22038/ijp.2014.2807

Abstract

Introduction: Chemokine receptors are found on the surface of stem cells. There have been 19 distinct chemokine receptors described in mammals. Chemokines are major players in migration ... Read More

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Keywords = poster presentation

Potential use of Dental Pulp Stem Cell in Laboratory Studies and Clinical Trials

Abstract

Facts about Stem Cells and Importance of Them

Abstract

Evaluation of Crystal, Crack and Ethanol on viability of Mesenchymal Stem cells

Abstract

Evaluation of Therapeutic Effects of Autologous Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells to Prevent the Progression of Chronic Nephropathy in Renal Transplant

Abstract

Stem Cells Application in Modeling of Human Genetic Diseases

Abstract

Toxicity Study of Gelatin-chitosan Films with Bone Marrow Stromalcells Cultured in Rat

Abstract

Histological Evidences after Platelet-Rich-Plasma and Adipose Drived Stem Cells Injection on Critical Size Cleft Palate

Abstract

STAT3 as a Key Factor in Tumor Microenvironment and Cancer Stem Cell

Abstract

Investigation of FLK-1 Gene Expression in Differentiated Mesenchymal Stem Cells, Exposed to Chemical, Mechanical and Chemical-mechanical Factors, in order to Study the Differentiation and its Stability

Abstract

Evaluation of β-actin as a Reference Gene for Comparative Expression Analysis of Equine Adipose- and Bone Marrow-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells by qRT-PCR

Abstract

Effect of Purification of Human Adipose-derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells on the Expression of vWF Cell Factor Under Chemical and Mechanical Conditions

Abstract

Comparative Analysis of Expression of Chemokoine Receptors CXCR4, CXCR6, CCR1 and CX3CR in Human Adipose-Drived Mesenchymal Stem Cell with Valproic Acid

Abstract