Analysis of Weight Control among Overweight and Obese Iranian Adolescents: Application of the Trans-theoretical Model
Mehdi
Haghi
Department of Health Services, Faculty of Health, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran.
author
Seyed Saeed
Mazloomy Mahmoodabad
Department of Health Services, Faculty of Health, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran.
author
Hassan
Mozaffari-Khosravi
Departments of Nutrition, Faculty of Health, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran.
author
Heydar
Eslami Shahrbabaki
Department of Educational Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, Anar, Islamic Azad University, Kerman, Iran.
author
Hossein
Fallahzadeh
Departments of Biostatistics, Faculty of Health, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran.
author
Mohammad
Rafati fard
Department of Health Services, Faculty of Health, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran.
author
text
article
2018
eng
BackgroundThe world-wide prevalence of overweight and obesity among children and adolescents has reached an alarming level and become a major health problem in today’s world. The aim of this study was to identify the stages and processes of change as well as their relationship with weight controlbased on a Trans- theoretical Model (TTM) in overweight and obese Iranian adolescents.Materials and MethodsThis cross-sectional study was conducted with participation of 250 overweight and obese adolescents selected through cluster sampling method fromMarch to April, 2016. In order tocollect data, a researcher-made questionnaire based on TTM ؟The obtained data were entered into SPSS version19.0 software. Results: The majority of participants (80%) were in inactive stages (pre-contemplation, contemplation, and preparation) of change for weight control, while only 20% of them were in active stages (action and maintenance). Also, results showed that a significant differencebetween stages and processes of change so that individuals' progress across stages of change frompre-contemplation to maintenance increased cognitive and behavioral processes’ scores (p < 0.05).Conclusion: The majority of participants (80%) were in inactive stages (pre-contemplation, contemplation, and preparation) of change for weight control, while only 20% of them were in active stages (action and maintenance). Also, results showed that a significant differencebetween stages and processes of change so that individuals' progress across stages of change frompre-contemplation to maintenance increased cognitive and behavioral processes’ scores (p < 0.05).
International Journal of Pediatrics
Mashhad University of Medical Sciences
2345-5047
6
v.
2
no.
2018
7013
7022
https://ijp.mums.ac.ir/article_8694_56d089cee7ea74f5283b788148a90d01.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.22038/ijp.2017.23310.1959
Study of Serologic Response Rate to Pertussis after Administration of the Third Dose of Pentavalent Vaccine in Children 12 Months Old in Karaj City, Iran
Reza
Arjmand
Department of Pediatric, Emam Ali Hospital, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran.
author
Mehri
Gholami
Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran.
author
Fariba
Shirvani
Pediatric Infections Research Center, Research Institute for Children Health, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
author
Omid
Safari
Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Allied Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
author
Mohammad Javad
Garavi
Department of parasitology,Faculty of allied Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
author
Homan
Sadri
Allergy and Clinical Immunology Department, Emam Ali Hospital, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran.
author
Mostafa
Gorbani
Non-Communicable Diseases Research Center, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran.
author
text
article
2018
eng
Background: After substitution of Pentavalent vaccine with diphtheria, tetanus, pertussis (DTP) in the Iranian National Vaccination program with 3 Pentavalent (three times vaccination with Pentavalent vaccine at months 2, 4, and 6) in 2014 and the lack of published research in the field of immunogenicity of pertussis component of this vaccine, the efficacy of pertussis vaccine was studied 6 months after the last dose of Pentavalent vaccine in Iranian infants. Materials and Methods: Five hundred blood samples were collected from healthy one-year-old children who attended 18 health care centers of Karaj, Iran for routine vaccination selected by cluster sampling (2016). Sampling checklists contained demographic information and risk factors. The blood samples were sent to the laboratory for determination of Immunoglobulin G (IgG) and IgA anti-pertussis antibody titer by ELISA method. Data were analyzed by STATA software (version 14.0).Results: 82.7% (n=413) of children (95% confidence interval [CI]: 79.49-86.11) had IgG titer less than 16 IU/ml against pertussis (no immune response), and 17.3% (n=87) had equal or greater than 16 IU/ml IgG titer against pertussis (95% CI: 13.89-20.51). IgA titer against pertussis was less than 8U/ml in all cases. Anti-pertussis IgG geometric mean titer (GMT) was 15.80 U/ml (95% CI: 15.26-16.36), and IgA GMT was 6.26 U/ml (95% CI: 6.22-6.30). There was not a significant correlation between titer of pertussis antibody and demographic factors.Conclusion: Based on low IgG titer in vaccinated children, immunogenicity of pentavalent vaccine in Iranian children needs more investigation. In this study, 100 % of children had negative serologic response (IgA
International Journal of Pediatrics
Mashhad University of Medical Sciences
2345-5047
6
v.
2
no.
2018
7023
7031
https://ijp.mums.ac.ir/article_9483_48161bf8f4dfd18144720e91ef32dfa9.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.22038/ijp.2017.26000.2217
Genetic Diagnosis of a Lethal Form of Autosomal Recessive Polycystic Kidney Disease
Sara
Mirzajani
Department of Medical Genetics, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
author
Mehdi
Mohebi
Genomic Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
author
Mohammad
Miryounesi
Genomic Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
author
Vahid Reza
Yassaee
Genomic Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
author
Soudeh
Ghafouri-Fard
Department of Medical Genetics, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
author
text
article
2018
eng
BackgroundAutosomal recessive polycystic kidney disease (ARPKD; OMIM number 263200) is a severe early onset hereditary form of polycystic kidney and liver disease.Case ReportIn the current study, we present a consanguineous couple with a history of an affected son with polycystic kidney disease (PKD), hepatic failure and epileptic seizures who died at the age of 8 months. Both parents were heterozygote for a missense mutation in PKHD1 gene (NM_170724, c.9107T>G, p.V3036G).ConclusionUnlike previous studies which showed the association between missense mutations of PKHD1 gene and mild phenotype of ARPKD, we have demonstrated the presence of a certain heterozygote missense mutation in parents of a patient affected with lethal form of disorder. Such phenotypic variations should be considered in genetic counseling of families especially those seeking prenatal diagnosis.
International Journal of Pediatrics
Mashhad University of Medical Sciences
2345-5047
6
v.
2
no.
2018
7033
7037
https://ijp.mums.ac.ir/article_9615_0d87b49e106519e19afdf8eff49ec100.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.22038/ijp.2017.27282.2352
Recurrent Ovarian Torsions in a Nine Months Period in a 7-year- Old Girl: A Case Report
Tahereh
Behrozi-lak
Reproductive Health Research Center, Gynecology Department, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran.
author
Haleh
Ayatollahi
Solid Tumor Research Center, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran.
author
Leila
Zarei
Solid Tumor Research Center, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran.
author
text
article
2018
eng
Ovarian torsion (adnexal torsion) is an uncommon disorder in pediatrics and should be considered as a differential diagnosis of abdominal pain in preteen girls. Almost 70% of ovarian torsions are seen in young girls older than 20 years, but it could also occur in preteen girls. Sonography is one of the most useful methods to diagnose ovarian torsion. In pediatrics, ovarian torsion should be treated laparoscopically by detorsion. The case was a seven-year-old girl, who experienced ovarian torsion twice in one of her ovaries in the course of nine months. The main complaint of the patient was abdominal pain with vomiting. However, the fallopian tube was normal. Surgical procedure led only to detorsion of ovary.
International Journal of Pediatrics
Mashhad University of Medical Sciences
2345-5047
6
v.
2
no.
2018
7039
7044
https://ijp.mums.ac.ir/article_9459_738cdc3da603d9c7e475a49679366e50.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.22038/ijp.2017.26422.2265
Association of Helicobacter Pylori Infection with Cardiometabolic Risk Factors among Iranian Adolescents: the CASPIAN III Study
Enayat
Kalantar
Dietary Supplements and Probiotics Research Center, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran.
author
Mohammand Javad
Gharavi
Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Paramedical Sciences, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
author
Shervin
Ghaffari Hoseini
Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
author
Ramin
Heshmat
Chronic Diseases Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Population Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
author
Mojgan
Oshaghi
Dietary Supplements and Probiotics Research Center, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran.
author
Behnaz
Gharegozlou
Dietary Supplements and Probiotics Research Center, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran.
author
Hamid
Asayesh
Department of Medical Emergencies, Qom University of Medical Sciences, Qom, Iran.
author
Armita
Mahdavi Gorabi
Chronic Diseases Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Population Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
author
Mohammad Esmaeil
Motlagh
Department of Pediatrics, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.
author
Mehdi
Noroozi
Social Determinants of Health Research Center, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
author
Mostafa
Qorbani
Non-communicable Diseases Research Center, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran & Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
author
Roya
Kelishadi
Department of Pediatrics, Child Growth and Development Research Center, Research Institute for Primordial Prevention of Non-communicable Disease, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
author
text
article
2018
eng
Background: At least half the world’s population is colonized the stomach by Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) which are a key constituent of the human microbiome. The aim of this study was to investigate the association of cardiometabolic risk factors with H. pylori infection in Iranian adolescents. Materials and Methods: The current study was conducted along with the third survey of a national school-based surveillance system in Iran, entitled "Childhood and Adolescence Surveillance and Prevention of Adult Non-communicable Disease" (CASPIAN) study. Detailed questionnaires on demographic, socioeconomic, dietary, and health-related information of the participants were filled by one of the parents under supervision of trained health-care workers. Trained healthcare professionals measured anthropometric indices, blood pressures according to standard protocols. Fasting venous blood was examined for fasting blood sugar and lipid profile.Results: Overall 882 serum samples were suitable for testing. H. pylori antibody was found in 643 serum samples (72.9%). Among cardiometabolic risk factors, only the mean weight of participants was different between two groups (44.6±11.8 in H. pylori positive and 42.8±11.3 in H. pylori negative group; p=0.04). Overall, 5.1% of adolescents with positive H. pylori tests were overweight or obese, while 1.7% of negative ones were so (p=0.02). In the multivariate regression model, H. pyloriseropositivity increased the risk of overweight (OR, 3.3; 95%CI, 1.2-9.3; p= 0.03). In the multivariate model, association of other cardiometabolic risk factors with H. pylori infection was not statistically significant (p>0.05). Conclusion: Results of present study showed that H. pylori infection was associated with excess weight in adolescents. H. pylori eradication may be decrease the risk of obesity.
International Journal of Pediatrics
Mashhad University of Medical Sciences
2345-5047
6
v.
2
no.
2018
7045
7054
https://ijp.mums.ac.ir/article_9019_27eadb4f4b14f7554c661c75a410cf94.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.22038/ijp.2017.24411.2060
Multidrug Resistance in Infants and Children
Gian Maria
Pacifici
via San Andrea 32, 56127 Pisa, Italy.
author
text
article
2018
eng
Bacterial infections may cause disease and death. Infants and children are often subject to bacterial infections. Antimicrobials kill bacteria protecting the infected patients andreducing the risk of morbidity and mortality caused by bacteria. The antibiotics may lose their antibacterial activity when they become resistant to a bacteria. The resistance to different antibiotics in a bacteria is named multidrug-resistance. Gram-negative bacilli, especially Escherichia coli, Klebsiella, Enterobacter, Salmonella, Shigella, Pseudomonas, Streptococcus, and Haemophilus influenzae type b, may become resistant. Amikacin ampicillin, amoxicillin, amoxiclav, cefuroxime, cefotaxime, ceftazidime, cefoperazone tetracycline, chloramphenicol, ciprofloxacin, and gentamicin may cause bacterial-resistance. Resistance to bacteria for several pathogens makes complications in the treatment of infections caused by them. Salmonella strains may become resistant to ampicillin, cephalotin, ceftriaxone, gentamicin, amikacin, trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, chloramphenicol, and tetracycline. Shigella strains may become resistant to ampicillin, cotrimoxazole, chloramphenicol, and streptomycin. Multidrug-resistance of Streptococcus pneumoniae may be due to β-lactams, macrolides, tetracycline, chloramphenicol, and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole. Multidrug-resistance of Pseudomonas aeruginosa may become resistant to β-lactams, chloramphenicol, trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, and tetracycline. The antibacterial activity against Haemophilus strains may occur with ampicillin, sulbactam-ampicillin, trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, gentamicin, chloramphenicol, and ciprofloxacin. Multidrug-resistance of the Klebsiella species may be due with ampicillin, cefotaxime, cefuroxime, co-amxilav, mezlocillin, chloramphenicol, gentamicin, and ceftazidime. Multidrug-resistance of Escherichia coli may be caused by ampicillin, cotrimoxazole, chloramphenicol, ceftriaxone, and ceftazidime. Vibrio cholera may become resistant to cotrimoxazole, chloramphenicol, ampicillin, with least resistance to erythromicin, tetracycline, and ciprofloxacin. The aim of this study is to review the published data on the resistance of different antimicrobials in infants and children.
International Journal of Pediatrics
Mashhad University of Medical Sciences
2345-5047
6
v.
2
no.
2018
7055
7080
https://ijp.mums.ac.ir/article_10173_bcd88d2746fc261d02d70b2de459ee1e.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.22038/ijp.2018.29166.2546
Gender-based Differences in Associations between Attitude and Self-esteem with Smoking Behavior among Adolescents: A Secondary Analysis Applying Bayesian Nonparametric Functional Latent Variable Model
Mohammad Taghi
Khodayari
Biostatistics Department, International Branch of Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
author
Alireza
Abadi
Associate Professor of Biostatistics, Department of Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran AND Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
author
Ahmad reza
Baghestani
Biostatistics Department, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
author
Mohammad
Asghari Jafarabadi
Road Traffic Injury Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
author
Asghar
Mohammad poor asl
Road Traffic Injury Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
author
Haidar
nadrian
Department of Health Education and Promotion, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran AND Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
author
text
article
2018
eng
Background: Different patterns of gender-based relationships between attitude toward smoking and self-esteem with smoking behavior have reported. However, such associations may be much more complex than a simply supposed linear relationship. We aimed to propose a method of providing hand details on the total and gender-based scenarios of the relationships between attitude toward smoking and self-esteem with smoking.Materials and Methods: A secondary analysis conducted on a data set obtained for a cross-sectional study among 4,905 male and female high school students in Tabriz, Iran (2012). We randomly selected 196 classes in a clustering process and invited all the students in the classes to participate in the study; then, investigated the relationship between smoking with attitude and self-esteem, as explanatory variables. We also found the data to fit a nonlinear functional relationship and to be free from normal condition due to applying Bayesian nonparametric functional latent variable model. Results: Among all the students, attitude was found as the only variable with conceptual effect on smoking (p<0.05). Among boys, self-esteem showed no conceptual effect on smoking which was in contrast to those found among girls. Smoking among male students with low self-esteem was high, but it was gradually decreasing by rising self-esteem. Among girls, in contrast, smoking was descending by decreasing self-esteem.Conclusion: The relationships between self-esteem and attitude with smoking may not be necessarily linear. Being at the high levels of self-esteem among boys may lead to the reduced levels of smoking, and among girls may result in the increased level of the behavior.
International Journal of Pediatrics
Mashhad University of Medical Sciences
2345-5047
6
v.
2
no.
2018
7081
7094
https://ijp.mums.ac.ir/article_9637_875ac55ab45d143c84a509cd0d1bc00f.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.22038/ijp.2017.27232.2344
The Prevalence of Asthma in Children with Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus and Relationship between Control of Diabetes and Severity of Asthma
Neda
Mostofizadeh
Isfahan Endocrine and Metabolism Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, IRAN.
author
Tooba
Momen
Department of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Child Growth and Development Research Center, Research Institute for Primordial Prevention of Non-Communicable Disease, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, IRAN
author
Mahboobe
Saberi
Pediatric Ward, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, IRAN.
author
Elham
Hashemi Dehkordi
Isfahan Endocrine and Metabolism Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, IRAN.
author
Mahin
Hashemipour
Isfahan Endocrine and Metabolism Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, IRAN.
author
Seyed Javad
Sayedi
Neonatal Research Center, Dr. Sheikh Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, IRAN.
author
Armindokht
Shahsanai
Department of Community and Family Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, IRAN.
author
text
article
2018
eng
Background: Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) is by far the most common metabolic disease in children. Asthma is the most common chronic disease in pediatric population, and its prevalence has increased in the last decades. In this study, the prevalence of asthma among these children with T1DM has been described and its association with the demographic and clinical characteristics of Iranian children has been evaluated.Materials and Methods: A cross sectional study was carried out on children with T1DM who referred to pediatric endocrinology clinics of Isfahan University of Medical Sciences. The participants were classified as a group with asthma and the second group as diabetic children without asthma. After selection and evaluation of the diabetic patients with asthma, their glycemic status was evaluated three times in the past year. All data were analyzed using the SPSS version 23.0 statistical software package.Results: A total of 419 patients (49.4% male and 50.6% female) diagnosed with T1DM were included in the study. The mean age of patients at the time of recruitment was 12.65 ± 3.9 years with a range from 3.8 to 18 years. The mean of disease duration was 5.3 ± 2.7 years. Among all participants, asthma was detected in 24 children with T1DM (5.7%). Glycemic control was significantly poorer among asthmatic patients with diabetes compared with diabetic patients without asthma.Conclusion: The study demonstrated a lower prevalence of asthma among T1DM children rather healthy ones. Hence, diabetic child patients with asthma experience poorer glycemic control in comparison with T1DM patients without asthma.
International Journal of Pediatrics
Mashhad University of Medical Sciences
2345-5047
6
v.
2
no.
2018
7095
7102
https://ijp.mums.ac.ir/article_8700_4af9ed45f4f4f82cd8a61ab8fadea096.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.22038/ijp.2017.23160.1948
Evaluation of the Effect of Physical Activity Programs on Self-Esteem and Body Mass Index of Overweight Adolescent Girls, based on Health Belief Model with School-Centered Approach
Leili
Rabiei
Assistant Professor, Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran.
author
Akbar
Babaei Heydarabadi
Assistant Professor, Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Department of health education and health promotion, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.
author
Elahe
Tavassoli
Assistant Professor, Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran.
author
Mohammad
Abbasi
Assistant Professor, Department of Nursing, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Qom University of Medical Sciences, Qom, Iran.
author
Fereydoon
Khayeri
Nursing and Midwifery School, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
author
Reza
Masoudi
Community-oriented Nursing Midwifery Research Center, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran.
author
text
article
2018
eng
Background: Obesity in adolescents leads to physical and mental complications. Exercise is one of the main components of weight control programs. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of physical activity programs on self-esteem and Body Mass Index of overweight adolescent girls.Materials and Methods: This study was a semi experimental study.The subjects were 140 second grade student girls from two high schools in 5th district of Isfahan. Data collection scales included: tape measure, carriage scale, questionnaire to collect background and personal information, designed questionnaire based on Health Belief Model, weekly physical self- reportedand adolescent weekly food record form, parent’s nutritional performance questionnaire, teachers’ attitude on adolescents’ nutrition questionnaire and Cooper Smith's Standard Self-esteem questionnaire. Education based program on Health Belief Model for improving nutritional status consistent with model structures during six sessions each 60-minute was conducted with emphasis on diet to control weight in overweight and at-risk adolescents. Questionnaires were compared immediately afterand two months after intervention. Results: Average score of model structures and self-esteem of students in both groups had no significant difference at baseline, but immediately after and 2 months after the intervention, the mean component scores were significantly higher in intervention group in comparison with the control group. There was a significant difference in component scores at different times in the experimental group. Significant difference in BMI scores was seen at different times in experimental group.Conclusion: Findings of this study showed that school based approach of physical activity training leads to increase in knowledge, sensitivity, severity and perceived benefits and eventually increase in self- esteem and physical activity in students.
International Journal of Pediatrics
Mashhad University of Medical Sciences
2345-5047
6
v.
2
no.
2018
7103
7116
https://ijp.mums.ac.ir/article_9023_d934070f2471200c88abbe7f88a3c7b0.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.22038/ijp.2017.24653.2080
Vitamin D Status in Pregnant Women and Their Newborns in Karaj: A Cross-Sectional Study in Iran
Zhaleh
Hosseinzadeh
Assistant Professor, Department of Pediatrics, Behbahan School of Medicine, Behbahan, Iran.
author
Mohammad
Kazemian
Associated Professor, Neonatal Health Research Center, Research Institute for Children Health, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
author
Banafsheh
Mashak
Department of Anesthesiology, Alborz University Of Medical Sciences, Alborz, Iran.
author
Hojjat
Torkmandi
Nursing Care Research Center, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran.
author
Gholamreza
Badfar
Assistant Professor, Department of Pediatrics, Behbahan School of Medicine, Behbahan, Iran.
author
text
article
2018
eng
BackgroundPregnant women and newborns are at risk of vitamin D deficiency. This study aimed to determine the vitamin D status in pregnant women andtheir newborns in Karaj, Iran.Materials and MethodsThis cross-sectional study was conducted from March 2014 to October 2015. A total of 151 pregnant women and 154 newborns (three twin cases) were included in the study. After obtaining 5 ml venous blood samples from mothers and 5 ml blood from the umbilical cord of newborns, 25-hydroxy vitamin D [25(OH)D] was measured by ELISA method. Serum level of 25(OH)D below 20 ng/ml was considered deficiency, 21-29 ng/ml was considered insufficient and 30-100 ng/ml was considered sufficient. Data were analyzed using SPSS software version 20.0.ResultsThe prevalence of vitamin D deficiency and its insufficiency was 93.5% and 6.5% for pregnant women, 94.2% and 3.9% for newborns, respectively. The mean 25(OH)D concentration in pregnant women and newborns was estimated to be 10.649±5.967 ng/ml and 10.574±6.280 ng/ml, respectively. There was a significant correlation between the mean 25(OH)D concentration in mothers and their newborns (r=0.913 and p<0.001); 92.9% of mothers and their newborns had vitamin D deficiency simultaneously. ConclusionThe results of this study showed that overall prevalence of vitamin D deficiencies (levels
International Journal of Pediatrics
Mashhad University of Medical Sciences
2345-5047
6
v.
2
no.
2018
7117
7127
https://ijp.mums.ac.ir/article_10128_bc5dedbf52b6c6a5060d69cd51544cec.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.22038/ijp.2018.28719.2506
Exploring the Process of Mothering Co-occupations in Caring of Children with Cerebral Palsy at Home
Hamid
Dalvand
Assistant Professor, Department of Occupational Therapy, School of Rehabilitation, Arak University of Medical Sciences (Arak MU), Arak, Iran.
author
Leila
Dehghan
Occupational Therapy Department, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Kuwait University, Kuwait. Pediatric Neurorehabilitation Research Center, the University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
author
Mehdi
Rassafiani
Occupational Therapy Department, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Kuwait University, Kuwait. Pediatric Neurorehabilitation Research Center, the University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
author
Seyed Ali
Hosseini
Social Determinants of Health Research Center, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences (USWR), Tehran, Iran.
author
text
article
2018
eng
BackgroundMothering co-occupations in caring for children with cerebral palsy (CP) are very challenging for mothers but play an important role in the daily life of children with CP.This study aimed to explore the mothering co-occupations process in caring for children with CP at home in an Iranian context. Materials and Methods A grounded theory approach was recruited using semi-structured interviews. The participants were 14 caregivers, 3 children with CP, 5 occupational therapists, 1 physiotherapist and 3 managers of rehabilitation centers. Participants selected through purposeful sampling followed by theoretical samplingand was continued until saturation. Trustworthiness of the study was examined throughout credibility, transferability, conformability and dependency. The Data were analyzed base on the Corbin and Straus method (2008). ResultsThe results were grouped into seven main categories: motherly care, coping with unusual co-occupation, confusion with the roles being played, trying to meet special care needs,managing dynamic co-occupations, continuing care and an inefficient environment. "Coping with unusual co-occupation" was extracted as the core concept.ConclusionUnderstanding the challenges of caring for a child with CP andthe experiences of mothers when engaging in caring with theirchild can also help them to be empowered for achieving the proper management and effective care. The results of this research could provide a broader perspective to therapists; rehabilitation managers and policy makers for understanding the needs, meeting challenges and concerns of caregivers and children with CP, for a comprehensive plan for caring of children with CP.
International Journal of Pediatrics
Mashhad University of Medical Sciences
2345-5047
6
v.
2
no.
2018
7129
7140
https://ijp.mums.ac.ir/article_8815_8763c137b59a8c229a4a223c71d41de0.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.22038/ijp.2017.23911.2020
The Impact of Early Discharged of Stable Preterm Neonates with Home Gavage Feeding; A Case Control Study
Khairollah
Asadollahi
Epidemiologist, Professor, Department of Social Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran AND Researches Center for Prevention of Psychosocial Injuries, Ilam University of medical sciences, Ilam, Iran.
author
Mirhadi
Mussavi
Pediatric Health Researches Center , Department of Pediatrics , Faculty of Medicine, University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
author
Mohammadbagher
Hosseini
Neonatologist, Associate Professor, Pediatric Health Research Center , Department of Pediatrics , Faculty of Medicine, University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
author
text
article
2018
eng
Background: Premature neonates are hospitalized until they can get full mouth feeding and this often leads to increasing the hospitalization period. This study compared two neonatal care policies: early discharge of stable preterm infants with home gavage feeding and discharge when they reached to full oral feeding. Materials and Methods: By a case-control study, all stable premature neonates admitted in Alzahra teaching hospital, Tabriz, Iran, who were not able to feed orally, were divided into two groups. Study group included 48 neonates who achieved full oral feeding through oro- gastric tube and were discharged for outpatient follow-up. Control group included 50 neonates with the same feeding conditions who remained hospitalized and fed up by their mothers. Within one month, early clinical criteria were compared between both groups.Results: The mean gestational age for the control group was (30.6 ± 2.5 weeks), study group was (30.2 ± 1.8 weeks) and average admission weights for control and study groups were 1409.0 ± 363.6gr and 1352.7 ± 272.3gr, respectively. Infants at the early discharge program, spent less time to reach the full oral feeding (13 days vs. 16 days) than the control group (p = 0.025), and had lower risk of sepsis and feeding intolerance compared to those in the control group and their difference for feeding intolerance was significant (p= 0.03).Conclusion: This study showed that after an appropriate education for parents the early discharge of stable preterm neonates with home gavage feeding not only revealed a positive impact on their feeding and sucking improvement but also did not show any complication or negative impact on their growth parameters.
International Journal of Pediatrics
Mashhad University of Medical Sciences
2345-5047
6
v.
2
no.
2018
7141
7149
https://ijp.mums.ac.ir/article_8858_e5a5390d1d6c357db5a73457e9551769.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.22038/ijp.2017.24019.2026
A Case Report of Schimke Immuno-Osseous Dysplasia: A Rare Autosomal Recessive Disorder
Banafsheh
Arad
Children Growth Research Center, Qazvin University of medical sciences, Qazvin, Iran.
author
Zahra
Pirzadeh
Children Growth Research Center, Qazvin University of medical sciences, Qazvin, Iran.
author
text
article
2018
eng
Schimke immune-osseous dysplasia (SIOD) is a rare autosomal recessive disorder presented with specific facial features, skeletal dysplasia, steroid resistance nephrotic syndrome (SRNS) and cellular immune insufficiency. This is a SIOD case reported from Iran. He was 5 years old boy when evaluated for proteinuria and short stature. In appearance, we detected hyperpigmented macules, kyphoscoliosis, and warty lesions. He developed progressive renal failure and steroid resistant nephrotic syndrome, so kidney biopsy was performed and revealed focal and segmental glomerulosclerosis. He didn’t respond to prednisolone and Calcineurin inhibitors. He had recurrent lymphopenia with low CD4/CD8 ratio. However lymphopenia respond to granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF), he died with pneumonia and sepsis. Nephrotic syndrome due to focal segmental glomerulosclerosis may be accompanied by syndromes. In Qazvin province, we see autosomal recessive disorders more, because of consanguineous marriages. To the best of our knowledge, this is the fourth case of SIOD to be reported from Iran.
International Journal of Pediatrics
Mashhad University of Medical Sciences
2345-5047
6
v.
2
no.
2018
7151
7155
https://ijp.mums.ac.ir/article_9527_6e3db709aee42b32d2b305051bc1d0ae.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.22038/ijp.2017.26522.2282
The Impact of Blood Sampling Site on Pain Score in Preterm Infants: A Crossover Randomized Clinical Trial
Zahra
Pourashoori
MSc Student of Neonatal Intensive Care Nursing, Department of Pediatrics, Nursing and Midwifery Faculty, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
author
Mohammad Bagher
Hosseini
Associated Professor of Neonatologist, Pediatric Health Research Center, Medicine faculty, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
author
Abdolrasoul
Safaiyan
Road Traffic Center, Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, health sciences Faculty, Tabriz of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
author
Fatemeh
Ghorbani
PhD Candidate of Nursing, Department of Pediatrics, Nursing and Midwifery Faculty, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
author
Mohammad
Arshadi bostanabad
Assisstant Professor of Nursing, Department of Pediatrics, Nursing and Midwifery Faculty, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
author
text
article
2018
eng
BackgroundBlood sampling is a usual and painful procedure on preterm infant. Repeating painful procedures may affect the process of normal brain development and Pain management is important for nurses. This study was conducted to evaluate and compare pain score in two sites of blood sampling in preterm infants.Materials and MethodsBlood sampling is a usual and painful procedure on preterm infant. Repeating painful procedures may affect the process of normal brain development and Pain management is important for nurses. This study was conducted to evaluate and compare pain score in two sites of blood sampling in preterm infants.ResultsThe pain score was significantly higher while sampling was conducted from hand veins compared to scalp veins (p=0.001).The pain score was significantly higher in preterm infants with lower gestational age (28-30 weeks) than the infants with 30-32 weeks of gestation(p=0.048). ConclusionThe pain score in preterm infants according to ALPS-Neo method was significantly higher while sampling was conducted from hand veins compared to scalp veins. Preterm infants with lower gestational age had also higher pain score.
International Journal of Pediatrics
Mashhad University of Medical Sciences
2345-5047
6
v.
2
no.
2018
7157
7166
https://ijp.mums.ac.ir/article_9545_7eab82d8398473410d8ff18076e556d4.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.22038/ijp.2017.25179.2134
Pleural Empyema in Children: Diagnosis and Management in a Pediatric Department in Development Country
Faiza
Safi
Department of Pediatric emergency and reanimation. Hedi Chaker Hospital. 30219 Sfax, Tunisia.
author
Mohamed Ali
Zghal
Department of Pediatric emergency and reanimation. Hedi Chaker Hospital. 30219 Sfax, Tunisia.
author
Hamdi
Louati
Department of Pediatric Emergency and Reanimation, Hedi Chaker Hospital, 30219 Sfax, Tunisia.
author
Manel
Hsairi
Department of Pediatric emergency and reanimation. Hedi Chaker Hospital. 30219 Sfax, Tunisia.
author
Hamdi
Abid
Department of Pediatric emergency and reanimation. Hedi Chaker Hospital. 30219 Sfax, Tunisia.
author
Lamia
Gargouri
Department of Pediatric emergency and reanimation. Hedi Chaker Hospital. 30219 Sfax, Tunisia.
author
Abdelmajid
Mahfoudh
Department of Pediatric emergency and reanimation. Hedi Chaker Hospital. 30219 Sfax, Tunisia.
author
text
article
2018
eng
Pleural empyema is a serious complication of pneumonia, its morbidity and mortality is important in developing country where hospital resources are limited. Different treatment strategies continue to generate controversy. We reported our experience in diagnosis and management of pleural empyema in children in a pediatric department in a development country.The early adequate surgical treatment in children with pleural empyema results in low morbidity, shorter hospital stay and good long-term outcome.
International Journal of Pediatrics
Mashhad University of Medical Sciences
2345-5047
6
v.
2
no.
2018
7167
7168
https://ijp.mums.ac.ir/article_10015_3ded14b74dd904f53166d234643b7911.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.22038/ijp.2017.28540.2483
The Relationship between Climatic Factors and the Prevalence of Visceral Leishmaniasis in North West of Iran
Eslam
Moradiasl
Department of Medical Entomology and Vector Control, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
author
Yavar
Rassi
Department of Medical Entomology and Vector Control, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
author
Ahmad Ali
Hanafi-Bojd
Department of Medical Entomology and Vector Control, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
author
Hassan
Vatandoost
Department of Medical Entomology and Vector Control, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
author
Abedin
Saghafipour
Department of Public Health, School of Health, Qom University of Medical Sciences, Qom, Iran.
author
Davoud
Adham
Department of Public Health, School of Public Health, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran.
author
Nategh
Aabasgolizadeh
Department of Public Health, School of Public Health, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran.
author
Alireza
Omidi Oskouei
Department of Public Health, School of Health, Qom University of Medical Sciences, Qom, Iran.
author
Hadi
Sadeghi
Department of Public Health, School of Public Health, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran.
author
text
article
2018
eng
BackgroundVisceral leishmaniasis (VL) is most commonly found among children under the age of 10 in some provinces of Iran including Ardabil. As such, this study set out to determine the relationship between some climatic factors and the prevalence of VL in Northwest of Iran.Materials and MethodsIn this descriptive-analytic study, data collection was done on some climatic factors including rainfall, temperature, and the number of sunny and snowy days from Apr. 2001 to Sep. 2017 from the weather station in Meshkinshahr County of Ardabil province, Iran, and the related information of the VL patients from the health center. Statistical analysis was done using Excel and SPSS version 23.0 software. Pearson correlation coefficient test was utilized for data analysis.ResultsOver the course of 17 years, 226 cases of VL occurred in rural and urban areas of Meshkinshahr. The highest prevalence of VL disease was reported in February and March. Climatic factors of temperature and the number of sunny days showed a direct relationship with the prevalence of VL disease (P<0.05). However, rainfall and the number of snowy days had inverse correlation with the prevalence of VL (P>0.05). ConclusionIn spite of the rather cold and humid climate of Meshkinshahr County during much of the year, based on the findings of present study, there was a significantly direct relationship between VL disease and the hot temperature as well as sunny days. BackgroundVisceral leishmaniasis (VL) is most commonly found among children under the age of 10 in some provinces of Iran including Ardabil. As such, this study set out to determine the relationship between some climatic factors and the prevalence of VL in Northwest of Iran.Materials and MethodsIn this descriptive-analytic study, data collection was done on some climatic factors including rainfall, temperature, and the number of sunny and snowy days from Apr. 2001 to Sep. 2017 from the weather station in Meshkinshahr County of Ardabil province, Iran, and the related information of the VL patients from the health center. Statistical analysis was done using Excel and SPSS version 23.0 software. Pearson correlation coefficient test was utilized for data analysis.ResultsOver the course of 17 years, 226 cases of VL occurred in rural and urban areas of Meshkinshahr. The highest prevalence of VL disease was reported in February and March. Climatic factors of temperature and the number of sunny days showed a direct relationship with the prevalence of VL disease (P<0.05). However, rainfall and the number of snowy days had inverse correlation with the prevalence of VL (P>0.05). ConclusionIn spite of the rather cold and humid climate of Meshkinshahr County during much of the year, based on the findings of present study, there was a significantly direct relationship between VL disease and the hot temperature as well as sunny days.
International Journal of Pediatrics
Mashhad University of Medical Sciences
2345-5047
6
v.
2
no.
2018
7169
7178
https://ijp.mums.ac.ir/article_10113_040c2043499da4397ba181920b6fd9be.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.22038/ijp.2018.26837.2314
Evaluation of Public School Health and Its Accordance with School Health National Regulations: A Case Study in Kermanshah, Iran
Yahya
Safari
Research Center for Environmental Determinants of Health (RCEDH), Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran.
author
Hadi
Rezaei
Helth Network of Sanandaj, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran.
author
Reza
Davoodi
Research Center for Environmental Determinants of Health (RCEDH), Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran.
author
Hossein
Arfaeinia
Department of Environmental Health Engineering, Faculty of Public Health, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr, Iran.
author
Hamed
Biglari
Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Gonabad University of Medical Sciences, Gonabad, Iran.
author
Touba
Khosravi
Research Center for Environmental Determinants of Health (RCEDH), Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran.
author
Hooshmand
Sharafi
Students Research Committee, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran.
author
Arash
Ziapour
Research Center for Environmental Determinants of Health(RCEDH), Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran.
author
text
article
2018
eng
Background: Providing a favorable health status is of high importance for educational buildings and in particular schools. The aim of this study was to evaluate the school health and its accordance with national school health regulations in Kermanshah city, Iran. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study, the researchers randomized 200 schools and gathered data using a checklist comprising 87 questions, 74 of them on environmental health status and 14 of them on safety status of schools. This checklist designed based on the school health guidelines (developed by the health and work environment center of the Ministry of health, treatment and medical education). In this study, the researchers used only the former and filled out the checklist through visiting schools and interviewing with their staff. The collected data were transferred to the statistics software SPSS version 16.0 and Excel version 2010 and the outputs were presented in tables.Results: Out of the 200 schools surveyed, 66.5% were old(structural dating of more than 10 years), and only 33.5% (67 schools) were new (structural dating of less than 10 years). Among these schools, 99.5% (199 schools) provide healthy tap water places, 98.5% (197 schools) healthy hand washing facilities and 100% (200 schools) healthy toilets. The average level of school buffets health was observed58.5%. The health and optimization status of the studied schools was 92-100% in accordance with article 13 of the regulation. Conclusion: According to the results of this study, there were some problems that include the health status of school buffets, classrooms and toilets, as well as the safety status of theinvestigated schools, so that attention to the health of schools should be among the priorities of the government and the authorities.
International Journal of Pediatrics
Mashhad University of Medical Sciences
2345-5047
6
v.
2
no.
2018
7179
7191
https://ijp.mums.ac.ir/article_10126_0d32ff7858101fb211c84f408186feb9.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.22038/ijp.2018.28819.2513
A Missense Mutation of G257A at Exon 3 in PEX7 CDS Was Responsible for the Incidence of Rhizomelic Chondrodysplasia Punctata Type 1
Marziyeh
Alamatsaz
Department of Biology, Division of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Nour Danesh Institute of Higher Education, Meymeh, Isfahan, Iran.
author
Kamran
Ghaedi
Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran AND Department of Cellular Biotechnology, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Biotechnology, ACECR, Isfahan, Iran.
author
Motahare-Sadat
Hashemi
Department of Cellular Biotechnology, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Biotechnology, ACECR, Isfahan, Iran.
author
Yousef
Shafeghati
Sarem Cell Research Center and Medical Genetics Department, Sarem Women Hospital, Tehran, Iran.
author
Mohammad
Faghihi
Center for Therapeutic Innovation, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA.
author
Mohammad Hossein
Nasr-Esfahani
Department of Cellular Biotechnology, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Biotechnology, ACECR, Isfahan, Iran.
author
text
article
2018
eng
BackgroundRhizomelic chondrodysplasia punctata (RCDP) type 1 is among of the rare autosomal recessive peroxisome biogenesis disorders caused by mutations in the PEX7 gene. RCDP patients with the classic form of RCDP1 do not live more than 10- year. Materials and MethodsIn the present study, a two-year-old girl with skeletal abnormalities and dysmorphic facial appearance is reported to be suffered from RCDP. The patient's parents were second cousins and healthy and there was no similar case in the parents’ family. PEX7 gene was sequenced in the patient and her parents. ResultsA homozygous mutation, G257A, was identified PEX7 in the genome of patient while the parents were compound heterozygous. ConclusionTaken together, clinical presentation and peroxisome profile of the patient suggested a missense mutation led to formation of a pathogenic PEX7, responsible for incidence of RCDP.
International Journal of Pediatrics
Mashhad University of Medical Sciences
2345-5047
6
v.
2
no.
2018
7193
7200
https://ijp.mums.ac.ir/article_9556_c4804ce4536f685fd0a73a49c3fb656b.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.22038/ijp.2017.26197.2240
The Effect of Inhalation Anesthesia with Hyperventilation and Total Intravenous Anesthesia on Intracranial Pressure Control in Pediatrics with Craniosynostosis Surgery: A Randomized Clinical Trial
Alireza
Mahdavi
Anesthesiologist, Anesthesiology Research Center (ARC), Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences (SBMU), Tehran, Iran.
author
Bita
Malekianzadeh
Anesthesiologist, Anesthesiology Research Center (ARC), Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences (SBMU), Tehran, Iran.
author
Afsaneh Sadeghi
Sadeghi
Anesthesiologist, Anesthesiology Research Center (ARC), Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences (SBMU), Tehran, Iran.
author
text
article
2018
eng
Background: Intracranial pressure (ICP) control is one of the anesthesiologist challenges in craniosynostosis repair surgery, especially in multiple sutures involvement. The aim of this study was comparing the effect of two anesthesia methods including inhalation with hyperventilation and total intravenous anesthesia (TIVA) on ICP control and surgeon satisfaction in pediatrics with craniosynostosis surgery.Materials and Methods: In this randomized clinical trial study, 40 pediatric patients with American society of anesthesiologists (ASA) І-ІІ, 6 months to 2 years old were included. All of the patients were scheduled for craniosynostosis repair at Mofid Children Hospital, Tehran, Iran, in May 2016 to January 2017. The patients were randomly divided into two groups. In hyperventilation group, patients received isoflurane for maintenance of anesthesia and hyperventilation (Paco2=25-30 mmHg) established during surgery. The total intravenous anesthesia (TIVA) group received propofol infusion for anesthesia maintenance and Paco2 was maintained 35 mmHg. Intra cranial pressure (ICP) was assessed by surgeon using a 4-point scale. Hemodynamic (mean arterial pressure and heart rate) changes and blood loss were compared between hyperventilation and TIVA groups. Results: The mean age of patients in hyperventilation group was 10.9±3.25 months and in TIVA group was 8.7 ± 2063 months (p=0.11). Fourteen (70%) patients in hyperventilation group and 6 (30%) patients in TIVA group were male (p=0.74). A significant difference was seen in ICP control and surgical condition between hyperventilation and TIVA groups (p=0.032). ICP was controlled better in hyperventilation group. There was no difference in hemodynamic parameters and blood loss between hyperventilation and TIVA groups (p>0.05). Conclusion: This study showed inhalation anesthesia with hyperventilation was more effective than TIVA on ICP control in craniosynostosis surgery.
International Journal of Pediatrics
Mashhad University of Medical Sciences
2345-5047
6
v.
2
no.
2018
7201
7209
https://ijp.mums.ac.ir/article_10139_de5a4262470d6e4a79502220526a4516.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.22038/ijp.2018.28956.2529
Pediatric Mass Casualty Incident: A Real Crisis Mandating Inter-Disciplinary Coordination, Considering Ethical Issues
Maliheh
Kadivar
Professor of Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, Children’s Medical Center, 62.Gahrib Street, Tehran, Iran.
author
Maryam
Bahreini
Assistant Professor of Emergency Medicine, Imam Khomeini Ave, Hasan Abad Square, Sina Hospital, Department of Emergency Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
author
text
article
2018
eng
Interdisciplinary coordination of the director of crisis committee with emergency and other department's staff, financial support team, public relations, rehabilitation team,and police are required to successfully manage mass casualty incidents (MCIs). Prevention, staff training, equipment availability, clear-cut responsibilities and predicting all requirements are crucial aspects to be prepared (1). The task force for Mass Critical Care published guidance for adult MCI in 2008; For children, 17 experts of the Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education developed recommendations for pediatric MCI (2). Certain guidelines have been suggested by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) and subsequently published in Pediatric Critical Care Medicine as a supplement as well as the more recent supplement in CHEST that updates the previous works (3, 4). Although the literature has provided sufficient evidence managing the situation, some major difficulties still exist in the stage of response to the crisis. Lack of equipment especially in international crises may lead to neglect moribund patients. This problem is more prominent for pediatric patients (5, 6). Personnel shortage mandates to accept the less-qualified staff contribution for pediatric care
International Journal of Pediatrics
Mashhad University of Medical Sciences
2345-5047
6
v.
2
no.
2018
7211
7212
https://ijp.mums.ac.ir/article_10180_bd48f21fab6d3aadcbbd4062894d3c7b.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.22038/ijp.2018.28897.2522
The Study Of Diagnostic Value of Elevation of Serum Amylase as a Predictive Factor for Appendiceal Perforation in Children with Acute Appendicitis
Omid
Amanollahi
Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran.
author
Sakineh
Tat
Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran.
author
text
article
2018
eng
BackgroundRecent studies indicate increased serum amylase in children with acute appendicitis. The objective of the current study was to determine the diagnostic accuracy of raised serum amylase level in prediction of perforated appendicitis in children with acute appendicitis.Materials and MethodsIn this cross-sectional study, 61 children (aged 3 to 15 years) who underwent appendectomy surgery due to acute appendicitis at two university hospitals in Kermanshah, Iran, from 2015 to 2016 were included. The diagnosis of appendicitis was confirmed with histopathologic examination. Before surgery, venous samples were obtained and serum amylase, lipase, alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), and alkaline phosphatase were assayed. The patients were divided into two groups: perforated appendicitis (18 cases) and non-perforated appendicitis (43 cases). The laboratory tests were compared between the two groups. ResultsThe mean (±standard deviation) serum amylase level was 69.2 (±28.9) mg/dL in perforated group and 29.9 (±11) mg/dL in non-perforated group (P< 0.001). At serum level of 46 mg/dL, serum amylase had a sensitivity of 89% and its specificity was 100% in prediction of acute perforated appendicitis. ConclusionThe serum amylase level in perforated appendicitis was significantly higher compared to patients with non-perforated appendicitis. Serum amylase has good diagnostic value in prediction of perforated appendicitis.
International Journal of Pediatrics
Mashhad University of Medical Sciences
2345-5047
6
v.
2
no.
2018
7213
7217
https://ijp.mums.ac.ir/article_10212_115e7ff147f56bd0129d7f00cf4ae6bf.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.22038/ijp.2018.28307.2457
Epidemiology of Maternal and Fetal`s Burn in Iran: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Abbas
Aghaei
Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran.
author
Bahare
Lotfi
Clinical Research Development Center, Imam Khomaini and Mohammad Kermanshahi Hospitals, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran.
author
Zahra
Shaahmadi
Clinical Research Development Center, Imam Khomaini and Mohammad Kermanshahi Hospitals, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran.
author
Behzad
Karami-Matin
Research Center for Environmental Determinants of Health, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran.
author
Touraj
Ahmadi jouybari
Clinical Research Development Center, Imam Khomaini and Mohammad Kermanshahi Hospitals, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran.
author
text
article
2018
eng
Background: Burn is one of the public health problems, especially in low-income and middle-income countries, and this problem is far more important for pregnant women and their fetus. There was no a systematic study to comprehensively review the epidemiology of Maternal and Fetal`s Burn inIran, this study was conducted for this purpose. Materials and Methods: In this systematic review and meta-analysis study, all related studies (Published in 2017 and earlier) extracted by two independent groups from national and international databases (Magiran, SID, Web of Science, Medline, Scopus, etc.). Meta-analysis has been applied to obtain the overall outcomes of maternal and fetal mortality in pregnant women in Iran. Forest plot, τ2, and I2 tests are applied to evaluate heterogeneity, significance and its percentage, respectively. The analysis of meta-regression is applied because of the existence of heterogeneity. Publication bias is investigated by Funnel plot and Egger test.Results: The range of maternal and fetal mortality was 29.2% to 66.67% and 38.5% to 72.8%, respectively. Also, 48.4% and 54.2% were the overall outcome of maternal and fetal mortality based on meta-analysis, respectively. The highest maternal mortality is reported for pregnant women with Total Body Surface Area (TBSA) over 50%, intentional burns, and acute respiratory failures. Finally, reduction of maternal mortality had a statistically significant relationship with passing time based on the univariate analysis.Conclusion:It can be inferred from our results that some hazards of burn in pregnant women are average age of 22-27 years, living in rural areas, low levels of socio-economic, low education level and being housewife. Also, according to meta-analysis results, about half of mothers and fetuses died in pregnant women as a result of burns in Iran.
International Journal of Pediatrics
Mashhad University of Medical Sciences
2345-5047
6
v.
2
no.
2018
7219
7240
https://ijp.mums.ac.ir/article_10174_c48813ed5c50f7b0e76962bb486f72c7.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.22038/ijp.2018.28674.2499
A Study of Children's Geographic Access to Health Services (Health Care Centers and Clinical Laboratories) in Kermanshah City, Iran
Sohyla
Reshadat
Social Development and Health Promotion Research Center, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran.
author
Shahram
Saeidi
Social Development &amp; Health Promotion Research Center, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran.
author
Alireza
Zangeneh
Social Development and Health Promotion Research Center, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran.
author
Arash
Ziapour
Research Center for Environmental Determinants of Health(RCEDH), Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran.
author
Maryam
Choobtashani
Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran.
author
Fariba
Saeidi
Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran.
author
text
article
2018
eng
BackgroundGiven that the protection of children's health is of special importance due to their special age and physical conditions, the present study aimed to investigate the condition of children's Geographic access to health services (Health Centers and Clinical Laboratories) in Kermanshah city, Iran.Materials and Methods: In this applied study, the research approach was descriptive-analytic using quantitative models in Geographic information system (GIS) environment. The statistical population was the whole population of young girls aged 0-14 years old in Kermanshah, Iran. Moreover, to evaluate the spatial deployment pattern of health services and the correct and true access of this groupto such services, all data and information were collected through the Iranian Statistics Center and evaluated using the Arc-GIS Software. The latest published population statistics on the Population and Housing Census in 2011 were considered the basis for the analyses.Results: The results of the present study demonstrated that more than 40% and 60% of the young girls aged 0-14 years old in Kermanshah were deprived of proper access to health centers and clinical laboratories, respectively. In terms of the status of children’s access in the Second Scenario (access to health services by vehicles) and during 5, 10, and 15 minutes, about 5.53%, 93.1% and 15.1% lacked access to health centers, respectively. In addition, in terms of the status of children’s access to clinical laboratories during 5, 10, and 15 minutes, 17.26%, 65.4% and 51% lacked access to clinical laboratories, respectively. Conclusion: The access of young girls aged 0-14 years old to health services in Kermanshah was undesirable in the access to health services through walking. Additionally, the access of this groupto health services in the access to health services by vehicles was far better than the first one.
International Journal of Pediatrics
Mashhad University of Medical Sciences
2345-5047
6
v.
2
no.
2018
7241
7251
https://ijp.mums.ac.ir/article_10129_dfaaf9a9439403ad28e717c2268ce58c.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.22038/ijp.2018.28872.2519
A Comparative Study of the Situation of Bereavement Care for Children with Cancer in Iran with Selected Countries
Maryam
Pakseresht
Ph.D. Student in Nursing, School of Nursing and midwifery, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Science, Ahvaz, Iran.
author
Shahram
Baraz
PhD in Nursing, Assistant Professor, Nursing Care Research Center in Chronic Diseases, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.
author
Maryam
Rasouli
PhD in Nursing, RN, Associate Professor, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
author
Nahid
Reje
Associate Professor, Elderly Care Research Center, Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Shahed University, Tehran, Iran.
author
Shahnaz
Rostami
PhD in Nursing, Assistant Professor, Nursing Care Research Center in Chronic Diseases, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.
author
text
article
2018
eng
BackgroundDeath of a child with cancer is one of the most painful events that results in traumatic reactions of bereavement. Care should be taken into account during the bereavement period. The present study aimed to develop bereavement care in Iran and comparing it with Jordan, England, Australia and Canada, which have achieved the desired situation in the above area.Materials and MethodsIn this comparative study, the necessary data was made to databases of reputable and sovereign centers of the countries and palliative care programs. After accessing the pioneering patterns of world-wide palliative care, Iran's palliative care program, which came from children's service centers and access to the databases of those centers, was also examined. ResultsIn the developed countries of Canada, England and Australia, a wide range of bereavement care is provided in care facilities. for example following the death of a child, in Canada family members are covered by all the bereavement care, in Australia formal caregivers increase their relationship with parents and are available to listen to feelings and in England all family members are supported. Jordan provides significant services in this regard such as visits at the bereavement ceremony, however, it is provided limitedly only in one center in Iran. ConclusionIn the developed countries, pediatric palliative care is well developed. But in some developing countries, including Iran, there are only a few of these services for dying children and their families. As a result, the traumatic results emerge in social and family life activities.
International Journal of Pediatrics
Mashhad University of Medical Sciences
2345-5047
6
v.
2
no.
2018
7253
7263
https://ijp.mums.ac.ir/article_9680_6b3c4f43f33113203ecf471d26e187fb.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.22038/ijp.2017.27305.2354
A Cervical Thymic Cyst with Persistent Thymopharyngeal Tract: A Case Report
Sivaraman
Ganesan
Assistant Professor, Department of ENT, Jawaharlal Institute of Post Graduate Medical Education and Research, Pondicherry – 605006, India.
author
Saranya
Thangavel
Junior Resident, Department of ENT, Jawaharlal Institute of Post Graduate Medical Education and Research, Pondicherry – 605006, India.
author
Natarajan
Ramalingam
Senior Resident, Department of ENT, Jawaharlal Institute of Post Graduate Medical Education and Research, Pondicherry – 605006, India.
author
Sajini
Jacob
Associate Professor, Department of Pathology, Jawaharlal Institute of Post Graduate Medical Education and Research, Pondicherry – 605006, India.
author
Arun
Alexander
Associate Professor and Head, Department of ENT, Jawaharlal Institute of Post Graduate Medical Education and Research, Pondicherry – 605006, India.
author
text
article
2018
eng
Cervical thymic cyst is a rare entity of either congenital or inflammatory origin described infrequently in literature. The asymptomatic nature of the entity and the rarity of the lesion frequently lead to a diagnostic dilemma many times. We present a case of cervical thymic cyst that presented to us as an asymptomatic neck mass that was managed surgically. Cervical thymic cyst should be kept as a differential diagnosis of an asymptomatic neck swelling especially in children.
International Journal of Pediatrics
Mashhad University of Medical Sciences
2345-5047
6
v.
2
no.
2018
7265
7270
https://ijp.mums.ac.ir/article_9364_18251b2cb13164f329b43f5cb5a0d894.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.22038/ijp.2017.26169.2233