@article { author = {Farhat, Ahmadshah and Mohammadzadeh, Ashraf and Rezaie, M}, title = {What are Stem Cells?}, journal = {International Journal of Pediatrics}, volume = {2}, number = {2.3}, pages = {1-1}, year = {2014}, publisher = {Mashhad University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {2345-5047}, eissn = {2345-5055}, doi = {10.22038/ijp.2014.2650}, abstract = {  Stem cells are undifferentiated self regenerating multi potential cells. There are three types of stem cells categories by the ability to form after cells and correlated with the body’s development process. Totipotent: these stem cells can form an entire organism such as fertilized egg. Ploripotent: ploripotent cells are those that can form any cell in the body but cannot form an entire organism such as developing embryo’s totipotent cells become ploripotent  Multipotent: Multi potent stem cells are those that can only form specific cells in the body such as blood cells based. Based on the sources of stem cells we have three types of these cells: Autologous: Sources of the patient own cells are (Autologous) either the cells from patient own body or his or her cord blood. For this type of transplant the physician now usually collects the periphery rather than morrow because the procedure is easier on like a bane morrow harvest it take place outside of an operating room, and the patient does not to be under general unsetting . Allogenic: Sources of stem cells from another donore are primarily relatives (familial allogenic) or completely unrelated donors. Xenogenic: In these stem cells from different species are transplanted e .g striatal porcine fetal mesan cephalic (FVM) xenotransplants for Parkinson’s disease. On sites of isolation such as embryo, umbilical cord and other body tissues stem cells are named embnyonic, cord blood, and adult stem cells. The scope of results and clinical application of stem cells are such as: Neurodegenerative conditions (MS,ALS, Parkinson’s, Stroke), Ocular disorders- Glaucoma, retinitis Pigmentosa (RP), Auto Immune Conditions (Lupus, MS,R. arthritis, Diabetes, etc), Viral Conditions (Hepatitis C and AIDS), Heart Disease, Adrenal Disorders, Injury(Nerve, Brain, etc), Anti aging (hair, skin, weight control, overall well being/preventive), Emotional disorders, Organ / Tissue Cancers, Blood cancers, Blood diseases (Wiscott Aldrich’s, Syndrome, etc), We know that one cell produce all cells. We have one dream that one cell can treat all disease?   Key words: Multi potential cells, Stem cells.  }, keywords = {Oral Presentation}, url = {https://ijp.mums.ac.ir/article_2650.html}, eprint = {https://ijp.mums.ac.ir/article_2650_657cd3d5f812891313de09c52e1316f4.pdf} } @article { author = {Abroun, Saeed}, title = {Cord Blood}, journal = {International Journal of Pediatrics}, volume = {2}, number = {2.3}, pages = {2-2}, year = {2014}, publisher = {Mashhad University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {2345-5047}, eissn = {2345-5055}, doi = {10.22038/ijp.2014.2651}, abstract = {  Stem cells are naïve or master cells. This means they can transform into special 200 cell types as needed by body, and each of these cells has just one function. Stem cells are found in many parts of the human body, although some sources have richer concentrations than others. Some excellent sources of stem cells, such as bone marrow, peripheral blood, cord blood, other tissue stem cells and human embryos, which last one are controversial and their use can be illegal in some countries. Cord blood is a sample of blood taken from a newborn baby's umbilical cord. It is a rich source of stem cells, umbilical cord blood and tissue are collected from material that normally has no use following a child’s birth. Umbilical cord blood and tissue cells are rich sources of stem cells, which have been used in the treatment of over 80 diseases including leukemia, lymphoma and anemia as bone marrow stem cell potency.  The most common disease category has been leukemia. The next largest group is inherited diseases. Patients with lymphoma, myelodysplasia and severe aplastic anemia have also been successfully transplanted with cord blood. Cord blood is obtained by syringing out the placenta through the umbilical cord at the time of childbirth, after the cord has been detached from the newborn. Collecting stem cells from umbilical blood and tissue is ethical, pain-free, safe and simple. When they are needed to treat your child later in life, there will be no rejection or incompatibility issues, as the procedure will be using their own cells. In contrast, stem cells from donors do have these potential problems. By consider about cord blood potency, cord blood banks (familial or public) were established. In IRAN, four cord blood banks has activity, Shariati BMT center cord blood bank, Royan familial cord blood banks, Royan public cord blood banks and Iranian Blood Transfusion Organ cord blood banks. Despite 50,000 sample which storage in these banks, but the user centers are few, we hope in all providence the transplantation center will establish by good activity to improve social welfare. Key words: Bone marrow, Cord blood, Peripheral blood.}, keywords = {Oral Presentation}, url = {https://ijp.mums.ac.ir/article_2651.html}, eprint = {https://ijp.mums.ac.ir/article_2651_98ea0cfbddc23feaa1eac3d46b8bc25d.pdf} } @article { author = {Madani, Hoda}, title = {Cell Therapy in Cardiovascular Disease}, journal = {International Journal of Pediatrics}, volume = {2}, number = {2.3}, pages = {3-3}, year = {2014}, publisher = {Mashhad University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {2345-5047}, eissn = {2345-5055}, doi = {10.22038/ijp.2014.2652}, abstract = {  Recently, cell therapy has sparked a revolution in ischemic heart disease that will in the future help clinicians to cure patients. Earlier investigations in animal models and clinical trials have suggested that positive paracrine effects such as neoangiogenesis and anti-apoptotic can improve myocardial function. In this regard the Royan cell therapy center designed a few trials in collaboration with multi hospitals such as Baqiyatallah, Shahid Lavasani, Tehran Heart Center, Shahid rajaee, Masih daneshvari, Imam Reza, Razavi and Sasan from 2006. Their results were interesting. However, cardiac stem cell therapy still faces great challenges in optimizing the treatment of patients. Keyword: Cardiovascular disease, Cell therapy.  }, keywords = {Oral Presentation}, url = {https://ijp.mums.ac.ir/article_2652.html}, eprint = {https://ijp.mums.ac.ir/article_2652_96a322ade98123c72d34a0259930a6ee.pdf} } @article { author = {}, title = {Nuclear Architecture and Epigenetics of Lineage Choice}, journal = {International Journal of Pediatrics}, volume = {2}, number = {2.3}, pages = {4-4}, year = {2014}, publisher = {Mashhad University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {2345-5047}, eissn = {2345-5055}, doi = {10.22038/ijp.2014.2653}, abstract = {Differentiation is an epigenetic process which is installed by changes of transcriptional programs over successive cellular divisions. A number of studies have reported the effects of biochemical modifications of chromatin (DNA and chromatin proteins) on the regulation of transcription. Although, these studies are able to explain how transcription of a given gene is regulated (toward activation or silencing), and how this regulation is memorized by cells through mitotic and meiotic divisions, they are not able to explain the co-regulation of thousands of genes occurring during specific periods of development e.g. in preimplantation embryo or in embryonic stem cells. Our findings acquired by novel microscopic techniques suggest that alterations of nuclear architecture and chromatin organization have deterministic effects on global transcription.  Here, I report our latest findings on changes of nuclear architecture and chromatin organization in early embryonic and stem cells. Association of these architectural changes with morphogenetic processes in embryo and states of pluripotency in embryonic stem cells will be emphasized. In addition, the possibility of a deterministic nature for nuclear architecture and organization is discussed. A detailed understanding of regulatory processes for the large-scale and global control of genome function during pluripotency and differentiation is crucial to recognize mechanisms of diseases and cancer states. It seems that, in essence the same principles govern processes of pluripotency and differentiation in embryonic and stem cells, and the de-differentiation process in cancer cells.    }, keywords = {Oral Presentation}, url = {https://ijp.mums.ac.ir/article_2653.html}, eprint = {https://ijp.mums.ac.ir/article_2653_66d0c588858628cb2aa31cf0f9c4cdc0.pdf} } @article { author = {Mahdipour, Elahe}, title = {Stem Cells So far! Stem Cell Therapy Facts and Principles}, journal = {International Journal of Pediatrics}, volume = {2}, number = {2.3}, pages = {5-5}, year = {2014}, publisher = {Mashhad University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {2345-5047}, eissn = {2345-5055}, doi = {10.22038/ijp.2014.2654}, abstract = {Stem cells are cells with the ability to divide for indefinite periods and to give rise to specialized cells.  Stem cell therapy has now been emerged as an extraordinary promise to treat a wide range of diseases and conditions.  However, except blood stem cell transfer by bone marrow transplant which has been used as an standard practice for more than 50 years, nearly all of therapeutic potentials of stem cell are in early stages and experimental.  A lot of work still is needed to turn this research into safe and effective treatments. In addition, as stem cell research becomes closer to new medical practices, new ethical questions must be resolved by researchers.  Here a short discussion has been provided on some of these stem cell hypes and worries. Keyword: Cell therapy, Stem Cell.}, keywords = {poster presentation}, url = {https://ijp.mums.ac.ir/article_2654.html}, eprint = {https://ijp.mums.ac.ir/article_2654_ce6001e4b20e155e16d648feadd4a2cd.pdf} } @article { author = {Daneshvar, Ramin}, title = {Stem ‍Cells in Glaucoma Management}, journal = {International Journal of Pediatrics}, volume = {2}, number = {2.3}, pages = {6-6}, year = {2014}, publisher = {Mashhad University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {2345-5047}, eissn = {2345-5055}, doi = {10.22038/ijp.2014.2655}, abstract = {Glaucoma is the leading cause of preventable blindness worldwide. Despite tremendous advances in medical and surgical management of glaucoma in the recent years, the prevalence of glaucoma related blindness is anticipated to increase in the future decades because of the aging population. Stem cells have the potential to change the glaucoma management in several ways. There are several areas of active research to use stem cell-, and of course gene-, therapy in the field of glaucoma. One well-known target is to regenerate and repopulate the retinal ganglion cells, which are the main site of damage in glaucoma. Currently, several successful animal model of such a treatment are available. Another area of active research is to use stem cells as a source for neuro-protective agents for retinal ganglion cells; this is a very promising approach to the glaucoma treatment as neuro-protection is a long desired option for the management of the disease. Last but not the least, there are highly interesting recent publications on the use of stem cell to repopulate the trabecular meshwork with healthy, functional cells. This choice seems to be an etiologic treatment for the most common type of glaucoma, namely primary open angle glaucoma, in which increased resistance of trabecular outflow to drainage of aqueous humor is the underlying cause of increased intraocular pressure and consequent optic nerve damage. In this lecture, the above-mentioned topics would be covered briefly and some potential area for future researches would be suggested with a local perspective. Keywords: Glaucoma, Stem cell, Retinal ganglion cells.}, keywords = {Oral Presentation}, url = {https://ijp.mums.ac.ir/article_2655.html}, eprint = {https://ijp.mums.ac.ir/article_2655_1afefce6fa41a8ff92488d349a25266c.pdf} } @article { author = {Zarei-Ghanavati1, Siamak and Ramirez-Miranda, Arturo and N. Nakatsu2, Martin and V. Nguyen, Christine and X. Deng, Sophie}, title = {Keratin 13 is a more specific marker of conjunctival epithelium than keratin 19}, journal = {International Journal of Pediatrics}, volume = {2}, number = {2.3}, pages = {7-7}, year = {2014}, publisher = {Mashhad University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {2345-5047}, eissn = {2345-5055}, doi = {10.22038/ijp.2014.2656}, abstract = {Introduction To evaluate the expression patterns of cytokeratin (K) 12, 13, and 19 in normal epithelium of the human ocular surface to determine whether K13 could be used as a marker for conjunctival epithelium. Methods: Total RNA was isolated from the human conjunctiva and central cornea. Those transcripts that had threefolds or higher expression levels in the conjunctiva than the cornea were identified using microarray technique. Expression levels of three known signature genes and of two conjunctival genes, K13 and K19 were confirmed by using quantitative real-time PCR (qRT–PCR). Protein expression of K12, K13, and K19 was confirmed by immunostaining with specific antibodies on histologic sections of human sclerocornea that contained the conjunctiva, limbus, and cornea and on impression cytology (IC) specimens of the cornea and conjunctiva from normal donors. Double staining of K13/K12 and K19/K12 on histologic sections and IC specimens was performed. Results: There were 337 transcripts that were preferentially expressed in the conjunctiva. K13 and K19 were among the top twenty transcripts in the conjunctiva and this preferential expression pattern of K13 and K19 was confirmed by qRT– PCR. Immunohistochemical studies showed that K13 was expressed at the posterior limbal epithelium and conjunctival epithelium but was totally absent in the cornea. K12 was expressed in the corneal and anterior limbal epithelia except for the basal layer and was absent from the conjunctiva. In contrast, K19 was detected in the corneal, limbal and conjunctival epithelia. Immunostaining of the IC specimens showed K12+ epithelial cells in the corneal region, K13+ cells in the conjunctival area, and K19+ cells in the corneal and conjunctival specimens. Expression of K13 and K12 on the ocular surface was mutually exclusive on both the histologic and IC samples using double immunostaining. Conclusions: K13 is more specific to the conjunctival epithelial cells than K19 and potentially could be used as a marker to identify conjunctival epithelial cells in limbal stem cell deficiency.   Key Words: Keratin 13, Keratin 19, Stem cell.    }, keywords = {Oral Presentation}, url = {https://ijp.mums.ac.ir/article_2656.html}, eprint = {https://ijp.mums.ac.ir/article_2656_993ff1b606ec7f0eaaf5c680bc0c3687.pdf} } @article { author = {Banaee, Touka}, title = {Cell based therapies in retinal diseases}, journal = {International Journal of Pediatrics}, volume = {2}, number = {2.3}, pages = {8-8}, year = {2014}, publisher = {Mashhad University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {2345-5047}, eissn = {2345-5055}, doi = {10.22038/ijp.2014.2657}, abstract = {Background Degenerative retinal diseases, including age related macular degeneration, glaucoma, and hereditary retinal dystrophies are major causes of blindness. The principal defect in these diseases is cell loss which is amenable to both cell based neuroprotective and neuroregenerative therapies. To briefly review the lines of research and potential candidates for cell based therapies among retinal diseases.Methods: Review of current literature on stem cell therapies in retinal diseases.Results: As retinal degenerations progress slowly, they are potential candidates for neuroprotective treatments, one of the first being tested clinically is the cell capsule delivery of ciliary neurotrophic factor. Neuroregenerative therapies including stem cell transplantation, is still in its infancy and there are many hurdles to successful neural cell replacement from cell reproduction, to delivery, on sight survival and functional integration with adult tissue, which must still be overcome. The first clinical trials on stem cell replacement therapies have begun with embryonic stem cells being injected subretinally to remedy age related macular degeneration and hereditary retinal diseases. Epiretinal transplantation of neural progenitor cells and mesenchymal stem cells has so far not been very promising regarding integration of the transplanted cells with the mature retina.Conclusion: Treatment of the so far untreatable degenerative retinal diseases will hopefully be available in the near future with cell based therapies. Key words: Age related macular degeneration, Embryonic stem cells, Retinal degenerations, Retinal dystrophies, Mesenchymal stem cells, Neural stem cells.}, keywords = {Oral Presentation}, url = {https://ijp.mums.ac.ir/article_2657.html}, eprint = {https://ijp.mums.ac.ir/article_2657_19154d631655dc1fdd9aee79c9cde6fb.pdf} } @article { author = {Tavakol Afshari, Jalil}, title = {Stem Cell Therapy: the ethical issues}, journal = {International Journal of Pediatrics}, volume = {2}, number = {2.3}, pages = {9-9}, year = {2014}, publisher = {Mashhad University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {2345-5047}, eissn = {2345-5055}, doi = {10.22038/ijp.2014.2658}, abstract = {The ability to culture human stem cells long term, and possibly indefinitely, and to control how such cells specialise to form the different tissues of the body offers the possibility of major advances in healthcare. Stem cells have been isolated and cultured, but a great deal of research is required to develop cell lines which can generate replacement cells and tissues to treat many diseases.Stem cells have arisen in policy debates and a lack of universal agreement on their use, safety and morality suggests these debates will become more widespread and impassioned. Issues that have arisen with the evolution of stem cells include patient safety, the exploitation of desperate patients, and distribution of resources. Developing science and growing hype warrant ethical scrutiny to ensure the nonmaleficence of patients and a balance between patient safety and scientific progress. A conservative approach combining domestic control with international regulation is recommended to simultaneously monitor and foster the promising, but perilous world of stem cells.   Keywords: Ethical, Stem Cell Therapy.}, keywords = {Oral Presentation}, url = {https://ijp.mums.ac.ir/article_2658.html}, eprint = {https://ijp.mums.ac.ir/article_2658_bcd0b49df6f9c5b5067d0567f4c9a83a.pdf} } @article { author = {Kiani, Mohammad Ali and Rasti Sani, Mohammad Reza}, title = {Ethical Issues in Stem Cell Transplantation}, journal = {International Journal of Pediatrics}, volume = {2}, number = {2.3}, pages = {10-10}, year = {2014}, publisher = {Mashhad University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {2345-5047}, eissn = {2345-5055}, doi = {10.22038/ijp.2014.2659}, abstract = {There is great interest worldwide in discovering and developing a permanent source of tissues which would be capable of generating any cell type and which would avoid the problem of transplant rejection. Stem cells are cells that can specialize into the many different cells found in the human body. The ethical objections concerning stem cells have focused primarily on their source. Human embryonic stem cell (hESC) research offers great promise of cures for otherwise incurable conditions: spinal cord injuries, ALS, Alzheimer’s, Parkinson’s, etc. While stem cells can be found in the adult human body, the seemingly most potent stem cells come from the first few cells of a human embryo. When the stem cells are removed, the embryo is destroyed. Some people find this practice morally objectionable and would like to put a stop to research and medical procedures that destroy human embryos in the process. The debate about the moral status of the human embryo has focused on the question of whether the embryo should be treated as a person, or, at least, a potential person. If the embryo is so considered, then it will be morally impermissible to use it merely as a means to an end, rather than as an end in itself. This would preclude both embryo research and any other procedure not directed to the benefit of that actual embryo. The removal of cells from an embryo would therefore not be morally permissible, regardless of whether these cells were to be used for the benefit of some other person. The use of human ES cells raises important ethical issues which are primarily concerned with the origin of the cells and the way in which they are derived. The fact that these cells currently involve the use of human embryos and cadaveric fetal tissue means that careful examination of the ethical issues is necessary prior to the progress of research in this field. If the embryo is a human, then it has a right to life. It cannot be destroyed any more than we could intentionally kill a few children to save many others.   Key words:Ethical, Stem cell transplantation.  }, keywords = {Oral Presentation}, url = {https://ijp.mums.ac.ir/article_2659.html}, eprint = {https://ijp.mums.ac.ir/article_2659_982a3e38ceba1b480c47172471e40ed5.pdf} } @article { author = {Fattahi Masoom, Seyyed Hossein}, title = {Stem Cells, Simulation and Legal- Juridical Aspects of it}, journal = {International Journal of Pediatrics}, volume = {2}, number = {2.3}, pages = {11-11}, year = {2014}, publisher = {Mashhad University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {2345-5047}, eissn = {2345-5055}, doi = {10.22038/ijp.2014.2660}, abstract = {Introduction:First, definition the stem cell refers to those cells that are still not clear and are not equipped for a particular task. These cells have proliferative properties and  ability to differentiate into other types of cells have become. This characteristic of stem cells to self-directed has absorbed professional opinion that extensive research is done in this regard. Nowadays, stem cells are the first hope to restore damaged tissues and perhaps in the future are to build human organs. Stem cells are able to generate any cell type-specific function, such as heart muscle cells or insulin-producing cells in the pancreas.  Methods: Literature survey in the field of jurisprudence and legal issues of stem cells, The regard simulation issues in recent years research has been considered in detail with Mashhad University of Medical Sciences by holding of the Third Conference on Islamic views to address issues of simulations and jurisprudence held in 1381. It carried out medical and legal discussions which are printed in the third congress of the book. Conclusion: Stem cells and its achievements in the current medical knowledge is embryonic research that has a special place in our country, But this with astonishing results combined with legal jurisprudence and incidentally also has raised for the research challenges the most. Less research has been done issues of jurisprudence important challenge in the field of ethical issues related to damage to the inner cell of stem opponent. Mass of the embryo is 2 to 5 days used to grow stem cells. Key Words: Stem cells, Legal- Juridical.}, keywords = {Oral Presentation}, url = {https://ijp.mums.ac.ir/article_2660.html}, eprint = {https://ijp.mums.ac.ir/article_2660_c3766e89fc03e6e6aaa5145bb82856af.pdf} } @article { author = {Azadmanesh, Keyhan and Gheysari, Yousof and Negahdari, Babak}, title = {Gene Delivery to Mesenchymal Stem Cells}, journal = {International Journal of Pediatrics}, volume = {2}, number = {2.3}, pages = {12-12}, year = {2014}, publisher = {Mashhad University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {2345-5047}, eissn = {2345-5055}, doi = {10.22038/ijp.2014.2661}, abstract = {There is increasing trend in using recombinant stem cells as novel therapeutic candidates in different diseases. These studies encompass different applications from targeted homing of Mesenchymal Stromal (stem) Cells (MSC), to arming them with different cytokines. Resistance to transfection or transduction methods had urged researchers to look for better gene delivery alternates and optimizing them. Though chemical transfection methods are usually considered safer than viral gene delivery methods, most of these reagents suffer from low efficiency in lower concentrations and high toxicity in the higher ones. We, as well as other researchers, have reported the best efficiencies with Lipofectamin 2000TM reagent, with up to 50% efficiency in some reports while we have not been able to reach this level. Theoretically low transfection efficiency could be compensated by stably transfecting a cell line followed by long term culture in a selective medium. Usually this approach is not practical for MSC since they should be used within the first few passages after isolation. Indeed, we have previously shown that long-term culture of these cells is associated with chromosomal abnormalities and profound morphological changes.  Lentiviral transduction methods have achieved the highest efficiency in delivering foreign genes to MSC ( above 95%in several cases) but the safety concerns has hindered their application in clinical studies. While adeno-associated viral vectors have been used in several gene therapy studies, MSC seem to be resistant to this method. There are reports of high efficiency of adenoviral gene delivery to MSC, though in our hand it was much lower than lentiviruses. Howevere, we found pretreating these cells with valproic acid could increase transduction efficiency of adeno-associated vectors by 2.5 fold, mainly through increasing the expression of its cell surface receptor. In our lab, using lentiviral vectors, we could transduce MSC with the efficiency of more than 90%.  In conclusion, we believe that chemical transfection methods such as Lipofectamin 2000TM is a good choice when transduction rate is not a main concern and lentiviral vectors are suitable for a high yield stable gene delivery to these stem cells. Keywords: Mesecnchyal Stromal Cells, Gene Transfere Techniques.}, keywords = {Oral Presentation}, url = {https://ijp.mums.ac.ir/article_2661.html}, eprint = {https://ijp.mums.ac.ir/article_2661_0173c25df1cc8f0fb16940588ab57125.pdf} } @article { author = {Shahriari, Mina and Hejazi, Zahra and Farshchian, Moein and Naderi, Hojjat and Bidkhori, Hamid Reza and Mir-Ahmadi, Mahdi and Nakhaei, Saeideh and Hasan Zadeh, Maliheh and Raees-Al-Mohaddesin, Mahmood and Heirani, Asiyeh and M. Matin, Maryam and Bahrami, Ahmad Reza}, title = {Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells: Challenges and Opportunities}, journal = {International Journal of Pediatrics}, volume = {2}, number = {2.3}, pages = {13-13}, year = {2014}, publisher = {Mashhad University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {2345-5047}, eissn = {2345-5055}, doi = {10.22038/ijp.2014.2662}, abstract = {Regenerative capacity of mammals is limited and can rarely regenerate a specific organ or tissue fully. Due to these limitations, regenerative medicine seeks efficient and safe cell sources for regeneration of damaged tissues and organs or treatment for incurable diseases. Human embryonic stem cells (HESCs) hold two important properties called self renewal and pluripotency. However, the use of embryonic pluripotent stem cells in cell therapy faces two major obstacles. First, immunological incompatibility of ES cells with the recipient, and the second, ethical concerns about the destruction of human embryos during the ES cells. Thus, induction of somatic cells of individuals can be a proper way to overcome these problems. So far, several methods have been utilized to induce Pluripotency in Somatic cells. One of these methods is the technology of induced pluripotent stem cells (iPS) in contribution with Pluripotency factors. Yet, the use of these cells in the clinic, owing to application of viral vectors to transfer Pluripotency inducing factors, is quite limited. Therefore, recognition of a combination of small molecules to be replaced with exogenous factors is the ultimate goal of the study for the purpose of generating iPS cells. Recent progresses in development of iPS cells will be discussed here.   Keywords: IPS, Plupotency, Repair, Regeneration, Stem Cell.}, keywords = {Oral Presentation}, url = {https://ijp.mums.ac.ir/article_2662.html}, eprint = {https://ijp.mums.ac.ir/article_2662_dbad51572e49d20843fcd5dfebd9bae4.pdf} } @article { author = {Farshchian, Moein and Dastpak, Mahtab and M. Matin, Maryam and Geerts, Dirk and Bahrami, Ahmad Reza}, title = {Genetic and Epigenetic landscape of Germline Stem Cells}, journal = {International Journal of Pediatrics}, volume = {2}, number = {2.3}, pages = {14-14}, year = {2014}, publisher = {Mashhad University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {2345-5047}, eissn = {2345-5055}, doi = {10.22038/ijp.2014.2663}, abstract = {Elucidating the critical epigenetics events involved in differentiation and reprogramming of cells to primordial germ cells (PGCs) is among the interesting issues in stem cell research. Here, I will talk about critical transcription factors and global hypomethylation in development of germ cells. Evidence strongly suggests that the earliest PGCs emerging in the E7.25 mouse embryo epiblast have a highly methylated genome, and high level of H3K9me2 in chromatin but during development, genome demethylated and patterns of histone codes changes dramatically. We designed a polycistroniclentiviral vector and overexpressed Stella, Oct4 and Nanos2 simultaneously in transduced cells; Increasing level of Prdm14, Nanog and decreasing of G9a expression is an interesting finding which might be considered as a primary step of reprogramming toward germline progenitor cells, here we propose decreasing H3K9me2 level as a consequence of G9a down regulation is a critical step which facilitated transition to different stemness state through creating a new epigenetic memory for the early germ cells.   Keywords: Epigenetic, hypomethylation, Germ line Stem Cells, polycistroniclentiviral vector.  }, keywords = {Oral Presentation}, url = {https://ijp.mums.ac.ir/article_2663.html}, eprint = {https://ijp.mums.ac.ir/article_2663_1d4f86e61f0f63dd9293424cae79d78d.pdf} } @article { author = {Mahdavi Shahri, N and MoghaddamMatin, M and Fereidoni, M and BehnamRassouli, M and Moghimi, A and Bahrami, AR and Namini, MA and Naderi, S and Kheirabadi, M and Naseri, F}, title = {Preparation of decellularized three dimentional scaffolds as the model for tissue engineering and their functional assessments in vitro application of blastema tissue}, journal = {International Journal of Pediatrics}, volume = {2}, number = {2.3}, pages = {15-15}, year = {2014}, publisher = {Mashhad University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {2345-5047}, eissn = {2345-5055}, doi = {10.22038/ijp.2014.2664}, abstract = {Tissue engineering is based on three main factors including scaffolds, cells and growth factors. Natural scaffolds derived from decellularized tissues and organs have been successfully used in tissue engineering. Decellularization studies have shown that natural scaffolds which maintaine their main structure and properties could be a suitable tool for studying cellular behaviors and preparation of such scaffolds is an important part of future research in biology that may have extensive applications in regenerative medicine and tissue engineering. Blastema tissue which is produced after injuries in some organisms has embryonic cell characteristics, and can be a suitable model for evaluation of cell behaviors in various tissues. In this review, the process of decellularization, process involved in preparation of 3D scaffolds derived from extracellular matrix of various tissues including cartilage, bone, gingiva, aorta and bladder, and assessment of their interactions with blastema tissue under in vitro conditions are discussed.   Keywords: Tissue engineering, Blastema tissue, Regenerative.  }, keywords = {Oral Presentation}, url = {https://ijp.mums.ac.ir/article_2664.html}, eprint = {https://ijp.mums.ac.ir/article_2664_da2fb191722c0aa0d0e90490c2c65abe.pdf} } @article { author = {Movaffagh, J and Tabatabaee, A and Amoozegar, MH and SajadiTabassi, SA and Amiri, N}, title = {Isolation and Cultivation of Adult Human Keratinocyte Stem Cells for Regeneration of Epidermal Sheets}, journal = {International Journal of Pediatrics}, volume = {2}, number = {2.3}, pages = {16-16}, year = {2014}, publisher = {Mashhad University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {2345-5047}, eissn = {2345-5055}, doi = {10.22038/ijp.2014.2665}, abstract = {Background: Keratinocyte stem cell is one of the adult stem cells that inhabits the skin and contributes to skin function and renewal. Adult stem cells are best defined by their capacity to self-renew, and to maintain tissue function for a long period of time. These findings indicate the importance of these cells for clinical applications including regenerative medicine, tissue engineering and gene therapy. In full-thickness damage or injury including burns, the  cultured epidermal autografts (CEAs) may be placed directly onto muscle or fascia. Methods: A small split thickness skin biopsy (1 12أ—'> 2 cm) was obtained aseptically to isolate stem cells. The biopsy was cut into thin pieces and treated with trypsin at 4° C overnight (cold trypsin method) to obtain a single-cell suspension. The cells were seeded at a density of 3×104 cells/cm2 onto a preformed mitomycine-C treated 3T3 cell as feeder  layer  in DMEM medium supplemented with 10% fetal  bovine serum (FBS) and other special supplements. Clonogenic keratinocytes divided and colonies quickly expanded and pushed away the 3T3 feeder layer cells, which then detached from the culture vessel and eliminated with medium changes. Primary cultures were usually subcultured when the cells were in exponential growth phase .Colonies of keratinocytes were expanded and after 7-10 days fused and formed a coherent stratified epithelium. Confluent  cultured  epithelia were detached enzymatically as coherent sheets from the surface of  the culture flasks and transferred onto petrolatum- impregnated gauze.Histological studies of cultured epithelium were also carried out. Results: In our experience from 1 cm2 of skin sample, 2,5- 4×106 cells were obtained. It resulted in keratinocytes suspensions which consisted at least 90% single cells. Cultured keratinocytes proliferated and after 8-10 days became confluent. The area of cultured epithelium detached from T-25 and T-75 culture flasks was approximately 12-15 cm2 and 35-40 cm2 respectively. Histological studies showed that 10-day old cultured epithelium had 3-4 cell layers consisting of small basal cells and big scquamous cells with large nucleus. Also in the basal layer few melanocytes with melanin pigments in the cells cytoplasm were found.The 20-day old cultured epithelium had 8-10 layers consisting of small and round basal cells, scquamous cells and 2-3 layers of keratinized cells. Conclusion: Culture of keratinocyte stem cells could result in multilayer epithelium that creates a good cosmetic appearance upon transplantation. This could re-generate an epidermis that is resistant to trauma and infections. It can be considered as an appropriate substitution in skin loss conditions.   Keywords: Epidermal Sheets, Skin Adult Stem cells, Keratinocyte.  }, keywords = {Oral Presentation}, url = {https://ijp.mums.ac.ir/article_2665.html}, eprint = {https://ijp.mums.ac.ir/article_2665_d8422219650fa7fd540c42f424ef926f.pdf} } @article { author = {Bidkhori, Hamid Reza and Farshchian, Moien and Heirani-Tabasi, Asieh and Naderi-Meshkin1, Hojjat and Dastpak, Mahtab and Ahmadian Kia, Naghmeh and Bahrami, Ahmad Reza and M. Matin, Maryam}, title = {Comparative analysis of the Gene expression profile of Chemokine Receptors between Adipose-derived and Bone marrow-derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells}, journal = {International Journal of Pediatrics}, volume = {2}, number = {2.3}, pages = {17-17}, year = {2014}, publisher = {Mashhad University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {2345-5047}, eissn = {2345-5055}, doi = {10.22038/ijp.2014.2666}, abstract = {Introduction: Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) hold great promise in the field of regenerative medicine.Although originally isolated from bone marrow, MSCs have since been obtained from a variety of adult and neonatal tissues including the adipose tissue. Stemness and multipotential features of Mesenchymal Stem Cells (MSC) has been highlighted in many studies but there are many dark aspects in exclusive capabilities of MSC derived from different sources. Regarding adipose-derived MSCs, Ad-MSCs, and bone marrow- derived MSC, BM-MSCs has been introduced and applicable in clinics, we designed a small molecule induction based approach for evaluation of gene expression response between these cells. Materials and Methods: A panel of MSC specific genes encoding CXCR4, CXCR6, CX3CR1 and CCR1 has been comparatively analyzed between Ad-MSCs and BM-MSCs by Real-Time PCR, in response to hypoxia- mimicking agents CoCl2, DFX and VPA. Results: Our results showed CXCR4 expression dramatically increased following DFX and VPA treatment in Ad-MSC but decreased in BM-MSCs, over expression of CCR1 was detected only in BM-MSCs but CXCR6 and CX3CR1didn't show any detectable expression between these kinds of MSCs. Conclusion: We speculate that differential expression profile of CXCR4 and CCR1 related to different capabilities of BM-MSCs and Ad-MSCs and further investigations necessary to determine which gene networks play the key roles in MSCs derived from different sources and these findings translated from bench to bed in novel cell therapies. Keywords: Adipose-derived MSCs, Bone marrow-derived MSCs, Chemokine Receptors, Gene expression.}, keywords = {Oral Presentation}, url = {https://ijp.mums.ac.ir/article_2666.html}, eprint = {https://ijp.mums.ac.ir/article_2666_9a5dd2b2e43d79b6aea2222a2ea92f05.pdf} } @article { author = {Naderi-Meshkin, Hojjat and Bahrami, Ahmad Reza and Bidkhori, Hamid Reza and Mirahmadi, Mahdi and Ahmadiankia, Naghmeh}, title = {Strategies to Improve Homing of Stem Cells to achieve better Efficacy in Stem Cell Therapy}, journal = {International Journal of Pediatrics}, volume = {2}, number = {2.3}, pages = {18-18}, year = {2014}, publisher = {Mashhad University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {2345-5047}, eissn = {2345-5055}, doi = {10.22038/ijp.2014.2667}, abstract = {Stem/progenitor cell based therapeutic approach in our daily routine clinical practice, has been elusive dream in medical sciences and improvement of stem cell homing as one of major challenges in cell therapy programs, has been considered a promising milestone. It has been proved that stem/progenitor cells exhibit a homing response to injured tissues/organs, mediated by interactions of chemokine receptors expressed on the cells and chemokines secreted by the injured tissue. For improvement of directed homing of the cells, many techniques have been developed either to engineer stem/progenitor cells with higher amount of chemokine receptors (stem cell-based strategies) or to modulate the target tissues to release higher level of the corresponding chemokines (target tissue-based strategies). Treatment with chemical compounds, preconditioning of the cells with hypoxia, cytokine and growth factor priming of the cells, genetic modifications, coating of cell surface with antibodies, glycoengineering, coating of stem cells with homing ligands by streptavidin linkers are some of strategies to increase the ability of stem cells to respond to the migratory stimuli. On the other side to modulate target sites to be more attractive for stem cells, some strategies like direct injection of chemokines, direct transfection of the target tissue with chemokine encoding genes, injection of ectopic chemokine expressing cells, application of scaffolds, electrical fields and low level laser have been introduced. These extensive investigations have provided significant potentials to enhance targeted stem/progenitor cells homing. Meanwhile there are still some limitations to apply these findings in clinics. To overcome these limitations, further studies should be aimed, unveiling the molecular and cellular mechanisms underlying endogenous cell trafficking during physiological and pathological events like embryogenesis, inflammation, wound healing, or cancer metastasis. Keywords: Cell therapy, Homing, Stem cells.}, keywords = {Oral Presentation}, url = {https://ijp.mums.ac.ir/article_2667.html}, eprint = {https://ijp.mums.ac.ir/article_2667_f0e7a46251a9769642787b78dd557287.pdf} } @article { author = {Naderi-Meshkin, Hojjat and M. Matin, Maryam and Heirani-Tabasi, Asieh and Hasanzadeh, Maliheh and Shahryari, Mina and Ahmadiankia, Naghmeh and Raisolmohaddesin, Mahmood and Sanjar Moussavi, Nasser and Bidkhori, Hamid Reza and Hosseini, Mahmoud and Bahrami, Ahmad Reza}, title = {Pretreatment of Mesenchymal Stem Cells and Stromal-derived Factor-1α Delivery from Chitosan-based Injectable Hydrogels for Better Cell Guidance and Retention}, journal = {International Journal of Pediatrics}, volume = {2}, number = {2.3}, pages = {19-19}, year = {2014}, publisher = {Mashhad University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {2345-5047}, eissn = {2345-5055}, doi = {10.22038/ijp.2014.2668}, abstract = {Clinical applications of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) rely on their capacity to home and engraft in the appropriate target tissues for a long time. Homing and engraftment capacity of these stem cells depend on the expression of Chemokines and their receptors. Ex vivo expanded MSCs exhibit homing potential when grafted to injury tissue but their homing efficiency has been observed very poor because of modifications in homing receptor expression and/or functions during culture and/or preparation steps. Hence, this study was designed to investigate the expression of surface CXCR4 by flow cytometric analysis (FACS) and in vitro modified Boyden chamber assay in adipose-derive MSCs (ASCs) stimulated with a hypoxia mimicking agents such as desferrioxamine mesilate (DFX), cobalt chloride (CoCl2), lithium chloride (LiCl), valproic acid (VPA) and hypoxia. Intracellular CXCR4 were also evaluated by conventional and real-time PCR. Then we evaluated the homing ability of DFX-pretreated human DiI-labeled ASCs in vivo, 2 weeks after intravenous (IV), local infusion towards subcutaneously implanted chitosan-glycerophophate-hydroxyethyl cellulose (CH-GP-HEC) injectable hydrogels releasing SDF1 in dorsum of Wistar Rats. Presence of human ASCs in the CH-GP-HEC injectable, spleen, and lung were analyzed histologically by fluorescent microscope, and also quantified by PCR for human specific CXCR4 gene, 2 weeks after transplantation in recipients' Rats. Results showed that short-term (24 hours) pretreatment to ASCs with the hypoxia mimicking agents up-regulate the CXCR4, increase in vitro migration capacity toward 100ng/ml SDF-1 (P<0.001) and in vivo homing capacity to the implanted CH-GP-HEC injectable hydrogel releasing SDF1. Fluorescence microscopic examination disclosed enhanced local accumulation of fluorescence-labeled ASCs in CH-GP-HEC in the DFX-pretreated group at 16th post-transplantation day. These results suggest that the SDF-1/CXCR4 axis plays an important role in the regulation of motility of ASCs, and increased expression of CXCR4 might be a potential strategy to improve homing and engraftment of ASCs towards SDF1 released by injectable hydrogels in different lesions. Keywords: Chemotactic recruitment, Guided homing, Stem cells therapy.}, keywords = {Oral Presentation}, url = {https://ijp.mums.ac.ir/article_2668.html}, eprint = {https://ijp.mums.ac.ir/article_2668_10d3d7047033ab962e4ec38d2e9ed8cd.pdf} } @article { author = {Allameh, Abdolamir}, title = {Recent Technological Advances in Hepatogenic Differentiation of Stem Cells Relevant to Treatment of Liver Diseases}, journal = {International Journal of Pediatrics}, volume = {2}, number = {2.3}, pages = {20-20}, year = {2014}, publisher = {Mashhad University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {2345-5047}, eissn = {2345-5055}, doi = {10.22038/ijp.2014.2669}, abstract = {Liver failure, in an acute or chronic form, is a growing health problem ranking as one of the leading causes of death worldwide. Inborn errors of metabolism characterized by defects in hepatic enzymes or other proteins with metabolic functions, such as receptors or transporters accompanied with environmental factors involve etiology and presentation of liver failure. Currently, the only established long-term successful treatment for these conditions is Orthotropic Liver Transplantation (OLT) with long-waiting lists of patients to be transplanted. In recent years, cellular therapy using human hepatocytes is being evaluated worldwide as an alternative to organ transplantation in patients with liver failure. Besides, scientists are trying to modify stem cells and their progenitor cells to improve their efficacy for treatment and repair of damaged tissue. The cell-based therapies have been a particularly active area of investigation in recent years. Experimental studies showed that transplantation of MSC-derived hepatocytes as well as MSC to a mice model of liver failure can effectively contribute to liver regeneration and rescue animals from liver failure Clinical trials with mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) using autologous bone marrow cell fusion (ABMI) therapy in patient suffering with cirrhosis show improvement of liver function. Hepatocyte transplantation method has been performed for indications such as, acute liver failure (ALF), end-stage liver disease, and inborn errors of metabolism. The cell based therapy for liver diseases comprises of two stages, firstly, the cell isolation and preparation, secondly, the transplantation stage. The protocols used for cell preparation and infusion from peripheral vein have been successfully performed in animal models as well as clinical trials. In recent years using tissue engineering protocols, 3D scaffolds of different composition have been prepared which support MSC proliferation and differentiation into active hepatocytes. The biocompatible nanofibrousbiomatrix scaffolds that support and enhance stem cell proliferation and differentiation are useful for transplantation and development of bioartificial liver system. Very recently scientists focused on decellularization of the liver organ and cell seeding of whole liver which is implicated for transplantation. The advantages and disadvantages of these protocols will be discussed in this meeting. Keyword: Acute liver failure, Cell therapy, Stem cells.}, keywords = {Oral Presentation}, url = {https://ijp.mums.ac.ir/article_2669.html}, eprint = {https://ijp.mums.ac.ir/article_2669_954eaccf9d3514189e9a7464c5d8e825.pdf} } @article { author = {Etemad, Leila}, title = {The Validated Embryionic Stem Cell Test to Predict Embryotoxicityinvitro}, journal = {International Journal of Pediatrics}, volume = {2}, number = {2.3}, pages = {21-21}, year = {2014}, publisher = {Mashhad University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {2345-5047}, eissn = {2345-5055}, doi = {10.22038/ijp.2014.2670}, abstract = {Backgrounds: A straight-forward way to identify whether a drug or environmental chemical can be harmful to unborn baby is to evaluate its effect on laboratory animals. All invivo methods need large number of animal and are therefore time consuming and expensive. However, the thousands of chemicals in need of testing, to reduce the spending of live animals, an assortment of in vitro assays has been proposed. In recent years, embryonic stem cell test (ESC) has been used to investigate the mutagenic, cytotoxic and embryotoxic effects of compounds in vitro. Methods: The EST uses two cell lines and three endpoints to predict embryotoxic chemicals:  mouse embryonic stem cells (D3 cells) and murine fibroblasts (3T3 cells). The validated prediction model was developed based on the inhibition of differentiation of D3 cells into cardiomyocytes, and the inhibition of D3 cells and 3T3 cell viability. In addition, differences in sensitivity between differentiated (adult) and embryonic cells are also taken into consideration. Results: The three experimental endpoints: ID50 ( 50% inhibition of differentiation of ES cells into cardiac myoblasts and IC50 D3 and IC50 3T3 ( 50% inhibition of cell growth in ES and 3T3 cells in the MTT assay, respectively). According to these results chemicals are classified into three classes of the in vivo ( notembryotoxic, weak and strong embryotoxic). Conclusion:  The in vitro EST described is rapid, simple, and sensitive and can be usefully applied as a component of the risk/hazard assessment process. Keywords: Cytotoxic, Embryionic stem cell, Mutagenic.    }, keywords = {Oral Presentation}, url = {https://ijp.mums.ac.ir/article_2670.html}, eprint = {https://ijp.mums.ac.ir/article_2670_d4f90bf49fe015b660fbd6844378d3ff.pdf} } @article { author = {Hamidieh, Amir Ali}, title = {Pediatric Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation}, journal = {International Journal of Pediatrics}, volume = {2}, number = {2.3}, pages = {22-22}, year = {2014}, publisher = {Mashhad University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {2345-5047}, eissn = {2345-5055}, doi = {10.22038/ijp.2014.2671}, abstract = {The introduction and evolution of hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) could be traced back to 1950s, to the studies on interactions among irradiation, covering spleen and bone marrow from it and injection of bone marrow cells. Today, HSCT is considered a well-established, effective and promising means of therapy for various malignant and non-malignant medical conditions, both in children and adult patients and it is no longer restricted by limited sources of HSCs, donor pools or explicit need for matched family members. Annual number of pediatric HSCTs has been increasing over past two decades and while its growth has become steadier since 2002. Household size and consanguineous marriages in the Middle East means that many pediatric candidates of HSCT can suitable donors among their siblings; however, both of these contributing factors are gradually declining in the region. Iran has been experiencing slower population growth and smaller household sizes since twenty years ago. Hence, according to statements on EMBMT website, Iranian Stem Cell Donor Program (ISCDP) has started its activity in 2010 and has joined Bone Marrow Donors Worldwide (BMDW), in an effort to maximize chances of finding HLA-matched donors in countries in the Eastern Mediterranean Regional Office (EMRO) of World Health Organization (WHO) and beyond. Total body irradiation (TBI) has been used in conditioning from the beginnings of HSCT; however various experiments with non-TBI conditioning regimens have shown an alternative path. Although numerous studies on pediatric HSCT have been published, most patients have had a component of irradiation in their regimens. Long-term detrimental consequences of HSCT, particularly those attributed to TBI, have been continuously studied; endocrine and metabolic abnormalities, growth retardation and short stature and neurocognitive sequel are but a few of these sequel , especially among pediatric recipients. Compared to other studies, non-malignant indications for HSCT constitute a greater proportion of performed HSCTs in Iran; inherited abnormalities of RBCs and thalassemia in particular are responsible for this disparity in part. Keyword:  Hematopoietic Stem Cell, Transplantation.}, keywords = {Oral Presentation}, url = {https://ijp.mums.ac.ir/article_2671.html}, eprint = {https://ijp.mums.ac.ir/article_2671_d69adabe2a1b6907dbcd22014dd57604.pdf} } @article { author = {Ghasemi, Ali}, title = {Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation for Thalassemia}, journal = {International Journal of Pediatrics}, volume = {2}, number = {2.3}, pages = {23-23}, year = {2014}, publisher = {Mashhad University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {2345-5047}, eissn = {2345-5055}, doi = {10.22038/ijp.2014.2672}, abstract = {Thalassemia is an autosomal recessive disorder associated with defective synthesis of the α- or β-chain of hemoglobin. For β-thalassemia major patients, therapeutic options are either monthly red cell transfusions and chelation therapy or allogeneic stem cell transplant. Stem cell transplant is the only curative approach and success is inversely correlated with the degree of iron overload and hepatic damage. Without transfusions, thalassemic patients have tremendous skeleton deformities, as well as hepatomegaly and splenomegaly due to expansion of the hematopoietic system with extramedullary hematopoiesis. Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) transplantation (HSCT) in thalassemia has been a cornerstone in the development of HSCT. The rational basis of HSCT in thalassemia consists of substituting the thalassemic HSC bearing ineffective erythropoiesis with an allogeneic one capable of effective erythropoiesis. This cellular replacement therapy is not limited to the diseased erythropoietic component, but leads to the replacement of the entire hematopoietic system. Nevertheless, it is an efficient way to obtain a long-lasting, probably permanent, clinically effective correction of hemolytic anemia, thus avoiding transfusion requirements and associated complications . The transplantation approach for a nonmalignant disease is much different from transplantation in malignancies. In the former setting, the detrimental immunologic proprieties  [GVHD] of the engrafted HSC are not balanced by an antimalignancy effect. This characteristic must be always considered in determining the risk/benefit ratio and therapeutic decision such as the kind and intensity of the conditioning regimen, GVHD prophylaxis, source of HSC, and adoptive posttransplant therapies. The Pesaro group developed a prognostic scheme to predict transplant outcome in patients younger than age 17. This prognostic scheme included three variables all related to iron burden: quality of chelation received for the entire life before transplantation; hepatomegaly; and the presence of liver fibrosis at pretransplant hepatic biopsy examination. These variables stratified patients into three groups based on them having none, or one/two, or all three of the risk factors. Overall survival and thalassemia-free survival were significantly different in the three groups: 94% and 87% in the low-risk group, 84% and 81% in the intermediate-risk group, and 70% and 58% in the high-risk group, respectively. The rate of rejection/thalassemia recurrence was much higher in thalassemic patients than in patients transplanted because of malignancies. Several factors have been invoked to explain this difference: massive pretransplant exposure to blood products, not having received any chemotherapy before transplant, expanded erythropoietic marrow, and possibly splenomegaly. Key Words: Hematopoietic, Stem cell, Thalassemi.  }, keywords = {Oral Presentation}, url = {https://ijp.mums.ac.ir/article_2672.html}, eprint = {https://ijp.mums.ac.ir/article_2672_192310b62664ea420e9bb0e9f448d111.pdf} } @article { author = {Mahmoodi Nesheli, Hassan}, title = {Bone Marrow Transplant (BMT) is the Main Cureavailable for Thalassamia}, journal = {International Journal of Pediatrics}, volume = {2}, number = {2.3}, pages = {24-24}, year = {2014}, publisher = {Mashhad University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {2345-5047}, eissn = {2345-5055}, doi = {10.22038/ijp.2014.2673}, abstract = {Introduction: The thalassamias refer to a diverse group of hemoglobin disorders characterized by a reduced synthesis of  one or more of globin chains (α,β, γ, δβ,γδβ, δ and εγδβ).The main cure available today for thalassamia is bone marrow transplantation (BMT)  from compatible donor.On December 3, 1981 a 14-month-old child with β-thalassemia major recieved BMT from his HLA-identical sister in Seattle.On December 17, 1981 the Pesaro team performed a transplant in a 16-year old thalassamia, using marrow from his HLA-identical brother.This patient rejected the graft. Methods: In our study, twenty twotransfusion dependentthalassemia patients were recruited.When HLA matched donor was detected, he or she was checked for asymptomatic infection, electerolytes and endocrinopathy. Donors were either heterozygous for β-thalassemia or normal homozygous. Results: In our center 22 transfusion dependent hemglobinopathies (10 girls and 12 boys,age3-26y, Mean=15.6y) underwent to HSCT from September 2010 until May  2014.Graft failure happened in 3 patients. Retransplantation was done for one patient who was X variant hemoglobinopathy.Twenty patients were disease free and didn`t need to transfusion after BMT. Although in our BMT center , few thalassemia patients underwent to transplantation, 20 of 22 were independent to blood transfusion after transplantation. One patient who underwent to retransplantation is undependent to transfusion. Conclusion: Patients and their family were very pleasured and satisfied. We suggest all patients with β-thalassemia who have HLA-identical related donors should be transplanted as soon as possible.     Keyword: Bone Marrow Transplant, HLA-identical, β-thalassemia.  }, keywords = {Oral Presentation}, url = {https://ijp.mums.ac.ir/article_2673.html}, eprint = {https://ijp.mums.ac.ir/article_2673_eb0db5879a611d9845db032a6e6b67c6.pdf} } @article { author = {Ravari, Hassan}, title = {Applications of Cell Therapy in Vascular Surgery}, journal = {International Journal of Pediatrics}, volume = {2}, number = {2.3}, pages = {25-25}, year = {2014}, publisher = {Mashhad University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {2345-5047}, eissn = {2345-5055}, doi = {10.22038/ijp.2014.2674}, abstract = {Trying to use embryonic stem cells about 20 years ago, working with animals,  especially rats began. During these years , many experiments in mouse embryonic stem cells to transform into a variety of cells and transplanting them were led to remarkable success . In the next issue of human stem cells were considered successful until finally in 1998 the first report was published in the proliferation and differentiation of human embryonic stem cells. However, due to the occurrence of some restrictions on the production and use of embryonic stem cells (which are continuing to try to fix them) in the last few years , a new wave of research on adult stem cells began and continue. Adult stem cells in many organs and tissues of the body have been separated, but the important thing is that there are very few of these cells in each tissue in a specific area such as living tissue for years, until the advent of activated textural injury and illness. Adult stem cells found in tissues that are: Bone marrow, peripheral blood, brain, blood vessels, dental pulp, skeletal muscle, skin, liver, pancreas, cornea, retina, gastrointestinal system. Scientists in many laboratories are trying to ensure that adult stem cells into specific cell types in cell culture so that they can use for the treatment of diseases tissue damage. Stem cells can be used to reconstruct the cells or tissues that have been damaged by disease or injury. This type of treatment is known as cellular therapy. The use of cell therapy in multiple areas of vascular surgery is: 1- Chronic limb ischemia. Beginning in 2002, the first report of successful treatment with stem cells in chronic ischemia was reported from Japan. This area rapidly expanded to other countries, and currently has more than fifty percent limb ischemia cell therapy centers in America. In our country, a study was started in 1386 and still continues. Initial reports in the journal of cytotherapy of America were published in 2010. In this study, 15 patients with chronic lower limb ischemia treated with bone marrow stem cells were extracted from the improvement in 80% of patients.2- Diabetes and chronic foot ulcers. Studies in this area are very extensive in the world. Iran also has a very extensive study started. Result of the first study in this area was published in the journal of cytotherapy 2011. In this study, 8 patients with chronic diabetic wounds treated with stem cells derived from bone marrow were, that the percentage of wound healing after 4 weeks in 3 patients, and significant improvement was observed in 5 patients.3- Kidney transplant patients. Almost simultaneously worldwide in several research studies in this area has already begun. In both studies it was observed that patients treated with bone marrow stem cells transplanted kidney was better accepted and the amount of antibodies in the kidney is reduced.4- Lymph edema and venous ulcer disease within the study started in the world but their report has not been published yet. Key Words: Cell therapy, Vascular surgery.}, keywords = {Oral Presentation}, url = {https://ijp.mums.ac.ir/article_2674.html}, eprint = {https://ijp.mums.ac.ir/article_2674_70af2aa77256bc36c9b9611a0c156503.pdf} } @article { author = {Vakilian, Farveh and M. Shabestari, Mahmood and Ghasemi, Ali and Eshraghi, Ali and Madani, Hoda and Poorzand, Hoorak and Ghaderi, Fereshte and Amini, Sara and Vejdanparast, Mohamad and Moghiman, Toktam and Gholobi, Arash and Ramezani, Javad and Salehi, Maryam}, title = {Autologous Stem Cell in CHF(When is more effective?) Intracoronary Administration of Autologous Bone Marrow Stem Cell in Chronic Heart Failure}, journal = {International Journal of Pediatrics}, volume = {2}, number = {2.3}, pages = {26-26}, year = {2014}, publisher = {Mashhad University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {2345-5047}, eissn = {2345-5055}, doi = {10.22038/ijp.2014.2675}, abstract = {Introduction: We aimed at evaluating the clinical, laboratory and echocardiography effects of intracoronary administration of autologous bone marrow stem cell transplantation in different clinical entities of chronic Heart Failure (HF) patients.   Methods: This procedure was carried out during an interventional study conducted in the Cardiology department from JAN 2012 to APR 2013. The HF patients (left ventricle ejection fraction, LVEF<35%) were initially treated for 2 months, then certain clinical and par clinic tests were performed. Bone marrow aspiration was done under local anesthesia from the posterior iliac crests and its processing was done by ROYAN institute. The obtained mononuclear cells were injected intracoronary by a micro catheter through angiography. Patients were followed in 1 week clinically and after 3,6,12 months by NYHA Class, 6mwtest, uricacid and PRoBNP levels and echocardiography study.   Results: The procedure was successfully carried out and well tolerated. Minor complications were managed. There was amelioration in clinical symptoms early after treatment, significant improvement in 6mwtest and LVEF in post MI patients and non significant changes in uric acid and PRoBNP levels were recorded.   Conclusion: Intracoronary infusion of stem cells in chronic Heart Failure patients is simple, reasonably safe and effective especially in 6 months and post myocardial infarction patients. Keywords: Bone Marrow Stem Cell, Chronic Heart Failure, Intracoronary Infusion.  }, keywords = {Oral Presentation}, url = {https://ijp.mums.ac.ir/article_2675.html}, eprint = {https://ijp.mums.ac.ir/article_2675_8d40014b67f08d53df34a93fc7cb0c71.pdf} } @article { author = {Hamidi Alamdari, Daryoush and Sharifipour, Farzaneh and Ravari, Hassan and Mamdouhi, Fereshteh and Naghibi, Massih and Hami, Maryam and Zeraati, Abbasali and Nazemian, Fatemeh and Mahdavi, Reza and Tavakoli, Mahmood and Khaleghi, Ebrahim}, title = {In Cadaver kidney Recipients, Autologous Bone Marrow Stem Cell Transplantation Significantly Improve Graft Function, Short-term Outcome}, journal = {International Journal of Pediatrics}, volume = {2}, number = {2.3}, pages = {28-28}, year = {2014}, publisher = {Mashhad University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {2345-5047}, eissn = {2345-5055}, doi = {10.22038/ijp.2014.2677}, abstract = {Background:  Renal transplantation is the best choose in the end stage renal disease (ESRD), and acute rejection and graft dysfunction remain major challenges in the worldwide, even with the advent of new immunosuppressive drugs. The novel cell-based anti-rejection treatments have been studied by using different stem cell sources. In this study, transplantation of autologous-bone-marrow-derived-total-nucleated-cells is used to improve the cadaver kidney graft function.   Methods: 18 ESRD patients, which candidate for cadaver kidney transplantation, were divided in two groups (group A and B) and there was no significant difference (male, female, age, weight, type of dialysis) between two groups. The two kidney of one cadaver were transplanted to two recipients. Before transplantation, randomly, autologous-bone-marrow aspiration was done for one recipient, and then the transplantation was done for both of recipients. The total-nucleated-cells were separated and infused intravenously during and after the transplantation, respectively. In post transplantation, 6 hours diuresis, delay graft function (DGF), creatinine (1 week, 2 weeks and 3 months), cyclosporine (2 weeks) and cold ischemia were measured in bone-marrow-treated group (A: 9 patients) and non-bone-marrow-treated group (B: 9 patients). Results: A significant increase in diuresis, a significant decrease in DGF, a significant decrease (1 week and 2 weeks) and marginally significant decrease (3 month) in creatinine, no significant difference in cyclosporine blood level (2 weeks), operation time and cold ischemia were seen in group A in comparison to group B. 2 patients had CMV infection in group B, but none in group A. Conclusion:  The transplantation of autologous-bone-marrow-cells in cadaver kidney recipient is safe and significantly decreases early graft dysfunction. Further clinical trial is needed to confirm these promising results.   Keywords: Bone marrow,  Delayed graft function,  Kidney transplantation, Stem cell.}, keywords = {Oral Presentation}, url = {https://ijp.mums.ac.ir/article_2677.html}, eprint = {https://ijp.mums.ac.ir/article_2677_c700b506ccd37d838c47c2a9ec1235f9.pdf} } @article { author = {Keshvari Shirvan, Maliheh and Hamidi Alamdari, Daryoush and Ghoreifi, Alireza}, title = {A Novel Method for Iatrogenic Vesicovaginal Fistula Treatment: Autologous Platelet Rich Plasma Injection and Platelet Rich Fibrin Glue Interposition}, journal = {International Journal of Pediatrics}, volume = {2}, number = {2.3}, pages = {29-29}, year = {2014}, publisher = {Mashhad University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {2345-5047}, eissn = {2345-5055}, doi = {10.22038/ijp.2014.2678}, abstract = {Introduction: Vesicovaginal fistula remains a challenge in surgical therapy. In this study autologous platelet rich plasma and platelet rich fibrin glue were used as a minimally invasive approach for vesicovaginal fistula closure. Materials and Methods: Data including age, parity, ICIQ-UI (International Consultation on Incontinence Questionnaire-urinary incontinence), ICIQ-QOL (International Consultation on Incontinence Questionnaire-quality of life), duration of leakage, fistula diameter and complications were collected before and after the intervention. Platelet rich plasma and platelet rich fibrin glue were prepared from 12 patients’ own blood. De-epithelialization was performed around the fistula until a small hemorrhage occurred. Platelet rich plasma was injected around the fistula into the tissue and platelet rich fibrin glue was interpositioned in the tract. Results: No complications were observed during and after the injection. Mean _ SD patient age was 39.75 ±8.45 years. At 6-month followup 11 patients considered themselves clinically cured, and transvaginal physical examination and cystography were normal. ICIQ-UI and ICIQ-QOL showed remarkable improvement in 11 patients. One patient had significant improvement but did not consent to the second injection. None of the patients had voiding dysfunction, urinary incontinence, retention or urinary tract infection. Conclusions: Autologous platelet rich plasma injection and platelet rich fibrin glue interposition offer a safe, effective and novel minimally invasive approach for the treatment of vesicovaginal fistula which obviate the need for open surgery. We propose calling this technique the Hamidi-Shirvan method.   Key Words: Fibrin tissue adhesive, Platelet-rich plasma, Vesicovaginal fistula.  }, keywords = {Oral Presentation}, url = {https://ijp.mums.ac.ir/article_2678.html}, eprint = {https://ijp.mums.ac.ir/article_2678_520d80dff374fa4846dcaf3e230085da.pdf} } @article { author = {Amirchaghmaghi, Maryam and Mosannen Mozafari, Pegah and Dalirsani, Zohreh}, title = {The Cancer Stem Cell Hypothesis in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma: A New Target for the Treatment}, journal = {International Journal of Pediatrics}, volume = {2}, number = {2.3}, pages = {30-30}, year = {2014}, publisher = {Mashhad University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {2345-5047}, eissn = {2345-5055}, doi = {10.22038/ijp.2014.2679}, abstract = {Within a single tumor clone, cells have significantly different abilities to proliferate and form new tumors. This has led to the hypothesis that most cells in a cancer have a limited ability to divide and only a small subset of distinct cells, the cancer stem cells (CSCs), has the capacity to self-renew and form new tumors . It has been proposed that the development of tumors is based exclusively on the activity of cancer stem cells (CSCs) leading to a new model of carcinogenesis, the CSC hypothesis, in opposition to the conventional model of clonal evolution. Current failure of cancer therapies may be due to their lesser effect on potentially CSCs which remain vital and retain their full capacity to repopulate the tumor. Treatment strategies for the elimination of cancer therefore need to consider the consequences of the presence of CSCs. However, the development of new CSC-targeted strategies is currently hindered by the lack of reliable markers for the identification. We review current knowledge on stem cells in relation to oral cancer, focusing on the CSC hypothesis of oral tumor genesis.   Keyword:cancer stem cell, carcinoma}, keywords = {Oral Presentation}, url = {https://ijp.mums.ac.ir/article_2679.html}, eprint = {https://ijp.mums.ac.ir/article_2679_3a753e0b559d73018c653e1bbc27abc5.pdf} } @article { author = {Mahmoodian, Farzad and Pakniyat Jahromi, Bita and Setayeshpour, Nazanin}, title = {A Review on Bioethics and Legal Concerns in Stem Cell Researches from Embryo Point of View}, journal = {International Journal of Pediatrics}, volume = {2}, number = {2.3}, pages = {31-31}, year = {2014}, publisher = {Mashhad University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {2345-5047}, eissn = {2345-5055}, doi = {10.22038/ijp.2014.2684}, abstract = {Introduction: Sharply progression and development in different aspect of technology and science in the field of medicine and sanitation bring many challenges in biological moral and social aspects of the life. Meanwhile statistical problems of this subjects will be rised. Study and researches on embryonic stem cells are one of this specimens. Religions and different ideological views in vast human cultures associated with various laws in different countries of the world, made moral and biological argues. Methods: Observing of important references,papers , statistical holograms and tables that has been edited in laws and regulation in this field and its therapeutic use shows that there is a very vast need for approving of new laws and regulation in protecting of biological and moral disorders under international and human rights regulations. Conclusion: In some countries around the world guidelines for ethical regulation in this field has prepared but in others its absence is out standing.It seems that in Iran we also need guidelines for regulation of this field adapting with our culture,religion and law.   Anyway obtaining of  IVF cells as a clear route for continuation in developing of this technology is the main goal of this paper. Keywords:  Bioethics, Embryo Laws, Stem Cells.}, keywords = {poster presentation}, url = {https://ijp.mums.ac.ir/article_2684.html}, eprint = {https://ijp.mums.ac.ir/article_2684_4e5f428b6280842b696712ae0903b361.pdf} } @article { author = {Khajehahmadi, Saeedeh}, title = {Maxillary alveolar bone grafting: the role of Platelet-rich plasma (PRF)}, journal = {International Journal of Pediatrics}, volume = {2}, number = {2.3}, pages = {32-32}, year = {2014}, publisher = {Mashhad University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {2345-5047}, eissn = {2345-5055}, doi = {10.22038/ijp.2014.2685}, abstract = {Introduction: Gold standard for alveolar cleft bone grafting is autogenous bone. Advantage of adding the growth factors to the bone is established, so adding PRF to the autogenous bone may have beneficial effects. Methods:  Platelet-rich plasma admixed with autogenous bone and as a biologic membrane over the bone grafted alveolar cleft was used. Results:  Autogenous bone in all (four cases) was mandibular symphysis the mean age of the patients was 14.2 ± 1.5years. Lateral sliding flap was used for coverage of the mixture in all four cases. Conclusion:  Platelet-rich plasma admixed with autogenous bone or as a biologic membrane may have beneficial effect in maxillary alveolar cleft bone grafting. Keywords:  Alveolar bone grafting,  Autogenous bone, Platelet-rich plasma (PRF).}, keywords = {poster presentation}, url = {https://ijp.mums.ac.ir/article_2685.html}, eprint = {https://ijp.mums.ac.ir/article_2685_27df8b206c3e5cb964c19a85223d9434.pdf} } @article { author = {Forghani, Maryam}, title = {Stem Cells in Regenerative Endodontics}, journal = {International Journal of Pediatrics}, volume = {2}, number = {2.3}, pages = {33-33}, year = {2014}, publisher = {Mashhad University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {2345-5047}, eissn = {2345-5055}, doi = {10.22038/ijp.2014.2686}, abstract = {Background Currently, clinical endodontics includes procedures that are based on the ability of stem cells to accomplish repair (eg, direct pulp capping, apexogenesis, apexification, and even pulpal regeneration). An attempt is made to critically assess the current status in pulp regeneration therapy. Methods: Systematically, 2 distinctly different strategies exist involving stem cells for the repair and/or regeneration of damaged tissues: first, the acellular approach with in situ stimulation of stem cells and modulation of their activity  and, second, the cellular approach consisting of ex vivo cell culture and the use of stem cells in tissue engineering. Result: Desired outcome is considered important, specifically for root strengthening to the extent that teeth with regenerated pulps become more fracture resistant. Indeed, systematic assessment based on radiographs of pulp regeneration cases has shown both increased radicular wall thickness and root lengthening. Conclusion: The current status of stem cell–based endodontic therapy (ie, pulp regeneration) is characterized by an empirical approach. Specific opportunities exist in this area that has the potential to create meaningful changes in endodontic therapy in the near and distant future, perhaps with several unexpected consequences (eg, new diagnostic tests and outcome measures).   Key words: Stem cells, Regenerative endodontics.}, keywords = {poster presentation}, url = {https://ijp.mums.ac.ir/article_2686.html}, eprint = {https://ijp.mums.ac.ir/article_2686_47ae7b437fbe79139e7be828ae087cf0.pdf} } @article { author = {Rostamzadeh, Ayoob and Rezaie, Mohammad Jafar and Ahadi, Reza and Farzizadeh, Mohammad and Rahmani Tanha, Rastegar and Shabani, Arash}, title = {Tracking Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells Transplanted to Experimental Rabbit Model with Brain Trauma by MRI}, journal = {International Journal of Pediatrics}, volume = {2}, number = {2.3}, pages = {34-34}, year = {2014}, publisher = {Mashhad University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {2345-5047}, eissn = {2345-5055}, doi = {10.22038/ijp.2014.2687}, abstract = {Introduction Brain trauma is one of the most common causes of hospitalization, disability, and mortality of people aged 15 to 74 years in nowadays societies. On the other hand, nowadays, different categories of stem cells are used to treat different kinds of diseases. BM-MSCs, are center of scientific research because of their high differentiation and proliferation ability. Methods:  Stem cells were isolated from animal bone marrow and after cultivation in passage 3, they were labeled with dose of 5 mg/ ml of USPIO (prepared by the Institute of Sharif Teb System), after 36 hours, they were incubated in the cultivation medium. To confirm the iron nanoparticles inside the cells Prussian blue staining was used. A number of 5 × 105  labeled MSC injected in rabbit the through the auricular artery , and the  rabbits were imaged in coil wrists at time intervals of 1 week after injury , 1 ,3 ,10 ,16 and 24 days after injection by 1.5-T MRI system . In addition, Immunohistochemistry and RT-PCR studies were used to evaluate cells differentiation into neurons or neuroglia. Results: 24 hours  after injection of MSCs, MRI images showed that almost half of the cells have   accumulated in the lungs, however 72 hours later the labeled MSC signals were observed as hypointensive areas in the lesion site on the T2* relaxation time. Results also showed that 1.5 T MRI scanner is capable of tracking of the cells up to 16 days after injection. 8 animals at specified time intervals (up to day 16) were killed .The results of  Immunohistochemistry and RT-PCR on day 64 after injection showed  that   the cells in the lesion site express the proteins, such as GFAP and Beta tubulin III, that are the markers of astrocytes and neurons, respectively. Conclusion: Furthermore, their differentiation into neuroglia cells or even neurons (without getting into the laboratory environment) could be a promising approach for treating different kinds of brain injuries and other disorders of the nervous system. However, another important issue is the restricting factor of the lung which traps a large number of systemically transplanted cells. Thus, the systemic injection through the artery is suggested.   Keywords:  Brain trauma, Cells transplantation, Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs).}, keywords = {poster presentation}, url = {https://ijp.mums.ac.ir/article_2687.html}, eprint = {https://ijp.mums.ac.ir/article_2687_301fef97657e122ee6d8eefa3f1e371d.pdf} } @article { author = {Moosavi, Horieh}, title = {Operative Dentistry and Biomaterials for Tooth Regenration}, journal = {International Journal of Pediatrics}, volume = {2}, number = {2.3}, pages = {35-35}, year = {2014}, publisher = {Mashhad University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {2345-5047}, eissn = {2345-5055}, doi = {10.22038/ijp.2014.2688}, abstract = {Tissue-engineered biomaterials have existed approximately 40 years as simple biomimetic structures. Replacement of human tissue with new tissue can be accomplished by generating replacements outside of the body or in situ in the body. In each case, the key elements are described as the tissue engineering triad of scaffolds, cells, and signals. Scaffolds can be produced synthetically or derived naturally. Similar to other sciences, operative dentistry has been using regenerative approaches to treat dental disease. The use of calcium hydroxide or Mineral Trioxide Aggregate to stimulate reparative or reactionary dentin is clearly an example of such a therapeutic strategy. Tissue engineering is a multi-disciplinary science that brings together biology, engineering and clinical sciences with developing new tissues and organs. It is based on fundamental principles that involve the identification of appropriate cells, the development of conducive scaffolds and an understanding of the morphogenic signals required to induce cells to regenerate the tissues that were lost. In this paper is focused on the presentation and discussion of existing literature that covers the engineering of enamel, dentin and pulp, as well on the engineering of entire teeth. There are clearly major road blocks to overcome before such strategies move to the clinic and are used regularly to treat patients. However, existing evidence strongly suggests that the engineering of new dental structures to replace tissues lost during the process of caries or trauma will have a place in the future of operative dentistry. Keywords:  Tooth Regenration, Operative Dentistry.}, keywords = {poster presentation}, url = {https://ijp.mums.ac.ir/article_2688.html}, eprint = {https://ijp.mums.ac.ir/article_2688_90ea5381021190ff3b6a0352b4ca76fd.pdf} } @article { author = {Farhat, Ahmadshah and Arjmand, Mohammadhasan and Mohammadzadeh, Ashraf}, title = {Stem Cell in Breast Milk}, journal = {International Journal of Pediatrics}, volume = {2}, number = {2.3}, pages = {36-36}, year = {2014}, publisher = {Mashhad University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {2345-5047}, eissn = {2345-5055}, doi = {10.22038/ijp.2014.2689}, abstract = {Tissue-engineered biomaterials have existed approximately 40 years as simple biomimetic structures. Replacement of human tissue with new tissue can be accomplished by generating replacements outside of the body or in situ in the body. In each case, the key elements are described as the tissue engineering triad of scaffolds, cells, and signals. Scaffolds can be produced synthetically or derived naturally. Similar to other sciences, operative dentistry has been using regenerative approaches to treat dental disease. The use of calcium hydroxide or Mineral Trioxide Aggregate to stimulate reparative or reactionary dentin is clearly an example of such a therapeutic strategy. Tissue engineering is a multi-disciplinary science that brings together biology, engineering and clinical sciences with developing new tissues and organs. It is based on fundamental principles that involve the identification of appropriate cells, the development of conducive scaffolds and an understanding of the morphogenic signals required to induce cells to regenerate the tissues that were lost. In this paper is focused on the presentation and discussion of existing literature that covers the engineering of enamel, dentin and pulp, as well on the engineering of entire teeth. There are clearly major road blocks to overcome before such strategies move to the clinic and are used regularly to treat patients. However, existing evidence strongly suggests that the engineering of new dental structures to replace tissues lost during the process of caries or trauma will have a place in the future of operative dentistry. Keywords:  Tooth Regenration, Operative Dentistry.}, keywords = {poster presentation}, url = {https://ijp.mums.ac.ir/article_2689.html}, eprint = {https://ijp.mums.ac.ir/article_2689_57654caf3f95f44b68814add3eaf915e.pdf} } @article { author = {Naghavi, Neda}, title = {Tooth Regeneration with Stem Cell Sources}, journal = {International Journal of Pediatrics}, volume = {2}, number = {2.3}, pages = {37-37}, year = {2014}, publisher = {Mashhad University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {2345-5047}, eissn = {2345-5055}, doi = {10.22038/ijp.2014.2690}, abstract = {Introduction: During the last decade, advances in tissue engineering and stem cell-based tooth regeneration have provided realistic and attractive means of replacing lost or damaged teeth. The first adult stem cells isolated from dental tissues were dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs). When transplanted with hydroxyl apatite/tri calcium phosphate (HA/TCP) powder, they formed a dentin-like structure lined with odontoblast-like cells that surrounded a pulp-like interstitial tissue. DPSCs could differentiate in vitro into other mesenchymal cell derivatives such as odontoblasts, adipocytes, chondrocytes, and osteoblasts and could also differentiate into functionally active neurons. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have also been isolated from the dental pulp of human deciduous teeth. When these cells are transplanted mixed with HA/TCP in vivo, they can form dentin and bone but not dentin–pulp complexes. Stem cells from the apical papilla (SCAPs) are found in the papilla tissue in the apical part of the roots of developing teeth. The third molars and teeth with open apices are an important source of SCAPs. Transplantation of SCAPs and periodontal ligament stem cells (PDLSCs) into tooth sockets allowed the formation of dentin and periodontal ligament. Dental follicle stem cells (DFSCs) have also been isolated from the follicles of developing third molars. They can differentiate into osteoblasts, adipocytes, and nerve-like cells in vitro and form cementum and periodontal ligament in vivo. Results: Future therapeutic approaches for the restoration of damaged dentin, pulp, cementum, and periodontal ligaments may make use of autologous stem cells that have been stored after removal from the patient. Conclusion:With regard to clinical application, these stem cells share the common obstacles of ethical concern arising from their embryonic origin, the risk of tumorigenesis, and the possibility of immune rejection after allogeneic transplantation.   Keywords:  Tooth Regeneration, Stem Cell.  }, keywords = {poster presentation}, url = {https://ijp.mums.ac.ir/article_2690.html}, eprint = {https://ijp.mums.ac.ir/article_2690_098e765e23df1c055a5973817bf78905.pdf} } @article { author = {Karami Juyani, Afsane and Saberi, Mehdi and Kaka, Gholamreza and Jafari, Mahvash and Riyahi, Simin and Taghizadeh, Mahdieh}, title = {Toxicity Study Of gelatin-chitosan Films with Bone Marrow Stromal Cells Cultured in Rat}, journal = {International Journal of Pediatrics}, volume = {2}, number = {2.3}, pages = {38-38}, year = {2014}, publisher = {Mashhad University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {2345-5047}, eissn = {2345-5055}, doi = {10.22038/ijp.2014.2691}, abstract = {Background :Gelatin and chitosan are known as biodegradable and biocompatible biopolymers.These biopolymers have recently receivedincreasingly more attention for tissueengineering.The aim of this study was to evaluate the toxicity effects of gelatin-chitosan film on bone marrow stromal cell(BMSCs) culture in rat.                                                  Materials & Methods: First, gelatin- chitosan composites film were prepared by solution mixing, followed by film casting of both biopolymers in glacial acetic acid.After two passage of BMSCs culture, the cells were cultured in four plate groups including: control plates have no any film,gelatinplates,chitosan plates and gelatin- chitosan plates.Theproliferation,differentiation,viability and apoptosis rates of BMSCs were studied duringthesecond,fourthand sixth days.The activity of superoxidedismutase(SOD),catalase(CAT)and  glutathione(GSH) and malondialdehyde(MDA) levels were determined by using biochemical methods. Results:The results showed that the mean BMSCs proliferation significantly reduced in chitosan group compared to control group (p<0.05),but in gelatin and gelatin- chitosan groups were similar to control group.Mean percentage of BMSCs apoptosis in all groups except chitosan group were similar to control group. Mean percentage of BMSCs viability at all groups was similar to control group except chitosan film. In addition, no significant changes were observed in CAT activity and GSH and MDA levels in comparison with control group.After72hours,SOD activity in gelatin-chitosan group was significantly reduced compared to other groups. No cell differentiation was detected in all groups. Conclusion: Results of proliferation, differentiation, apoptosis and antioxidantactivity in cultured BMSCs on a gelatin–chitosanfilm showed that gelatin-chitosanfilm can be used in tissue engineering and cell therapy as a good model of a biodegradable scaffold.   Keywords: Antioxidant system, Bone Marrow StromalCells, Cell Proliferation andDifferentiation, Gelatin-Chitosan Film.    }, keywords = {poster presentation}, url = {https://ijp.mums.ac.ir/article_2691.html}, eprint = {https://ijp.mums.ac.ir/article_2691_8827435b6d9305c61a1bc563a3292dd3.pdf} } @article { author = {Mohammadi, Zahra and Tavakol Afshari, Jalil and Keramati, Mohammad Reza and Hamidi Alamdari, Daryoush and Ganjibakhsh, Meysam and Moradi Zarmehri, Azam and Jangjoo, Ali and Sadeghian, Mohammad Hadi}, title = {Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells Derived from Adiopose Tissue and Placenta and the Adipocytic and Osteocytic Differentiation}, journal = {International Journal of Pediatrics}, volume = {2}, number = {2.3}, pages = {39-39}, year = {2014}, publisher = {Mashhad University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {2345-5047}, eissn = {2345-5055}, doi = {10.22038/ijp.2014.2692}, abstract = {Introduction: Mesenchymal stem cells can be isolated from adult tissues, such as the adipose tissue, or other sources. Among all these sources, adipose tissue because of easy access, and placenta due to its immunomodulatory properties, in addition to another useful properties, were attracted more attention to themselves. Isolation and comparing these two different sources can help us for accessing a proper source of isolation for clinical use. Materials and Methods: Adipose stem cells and placenta mesenchymal stem cells were isolated from subcutaneous adipose tissues of 10 healthy women (25-40 years) and  from a fresh term placenta, respectively. Stem cells were characterized by flow cytometery using CD29, CD31, CD34, CD44, CD45, CD105, CD166 and HLA-DR markers. Osteogenic and adipocyte differentiation were performed and different characteristics of stem cells with two different sources were compared.  Conclusion:  These two sources of stem cells show similar surface markers, morphology and differentiation potential and because of their multipotency to differentiate to adipose and osteocyte, they can apply as attractive sources of mesanchymal stem cells for regenerative medicine.   Keywords:  Adult Stem Cells, fetal Stem Cells, Mesenchymal stem cells, Differentiation.}, keywords = {poster presentation}, url = {https://ijp.mums.ac.ir/article_2692.html}, eprint = {https://ijp.mums.ac.ir/article_2692_ab2460da68cd342bb4c24a7ee4e7eb81.pdf} } @article { author = {Shojaie, S and Khanbabaee, R and Kasaian, M}, title = {Study on Effect of Head, Tail, and Limbud extracts of Mouse on Differentiation of Hair Follicle Stem Cells to Neural cells}, journal = {International Journal of Pediatrics}, volume = {2}, number = {2.3}, pages = {40-40}, year = {2014}, publisher = {Mashhad University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {2345-5047}, eissn = {2345-5055}, doi = {10.22038/ijp.2014.2693}, abstract = {Introduction: Adult stem cells are the group of cells which conserve their nature in tissues and organs among other cells. In recent years, the researchers reported the existence of stem cells on the Bulge of hair follicles near to the smooth muscle. It is possible to differentiate these stem cells to neural cells by induction of Shh, FGF, and RA factors. Because of existence of these factors in head, tail, and limbud of mouse embryo and simplicity and cheapness of achievement to these factors, in this study, we evaluated the differentiation of hair follicular stem cells to neural cells by induction of head, tail, and limbud tissue extract. Materials and Methods: The adult stem cells isolated from hair follicles of mature mouse (NMRI) and cultured in DMEM/F12 medium which contained EGF. After the first passage in 7th day, these stem cells were induced by head, tail, and limbud tissue extract of 10days mouse embryo with concentration 50% and 80% during 2 weeks and then the rate of differentiation were assessed. Results: The immunocytochemical results showed that the expression of Nestin markers was obvious in first week and decreased during 2th week. Moreover, the β tubulin ІІІ marker, which is neural cells marker, increased after inducing. The increase of β tubulin ІІІ marker in experimental group2 (80%) was significantly more than experimental group1 (50%). Conclusion: Results of this study showed that the In Vitro treatment hair follicular stem cells with tissue extract of 10 days mouse embryo had significant effects on differentiation of hair follicular stem cells to neural cells and the applied concentration of tissue extract was effective on inducing rate. Keywords:  Hair follicular stem cells, Differentiation, Tissue extract.  }, keywords = {poster presentation}, url = {https://ijp.mums.ac.ir/article_2693.html}, eprint = {https://ijp.mums.ac.ir/article_2693_e2951f8128b2ffaf6bd15f29873e2dda.pdf} } @article { author = {Hoseini, Seyed Javad and Ghazavi, Hamed and Ghorbani, Ahmad and Sadeghian, Hamid Reza and Ghayour Mobarhan, Majid and Mahdipour, Elaheh}, title = {Isolation, Characterization and Differentiation of Rat Adipose Tissue Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells}, journal = {International Journal of Pediatrics}, volume = {2}, number = {2.3}, pages = {41-41}, year = {2014}, publisher = {Mashhad University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {2345-5047}, eissn = {2345-5055}, doi = {10.22038/ijp.2014.2694}, abstract = {Introduction:   Mesenchymal stem cells have the potential of self-renewal and differentiation into different cell types, including blood cells, heart, nerves and cartilage, and have unlimited power for division. These cells can be obtained from cord, before implantation from fertilized cells and also from various tissues of adults although the differentiation power and the ability to reproduce other cells are different. The use of these cells in the biological sciences, embryology and genetics are considered further.The aims of this study are extraction and characterization of stem cells with respect to differentiation of these cells into bone and fat cells in order to investigate the potential use of them in animal  experimental models of stroke and heart attack  and then in the case of the proper response  at the bedside. Methods: An incision was made in the abdomen and about one gram of fat tissue was removed. After splitting under the hood, pieces of fat transferred into a sterile falcon tube and collagenase was added. The tube was put inside a water bath (37 ° C) for digestion fat components. After centrifugation the cells were extracted and cultured. After the third passage, the cells were placed in the appropriate ostogenic and adipogenic differentiation culture. To ensure the accuracy of the extraction method, the cell surface markers of the stem cells derived from human adipose tissue were analyzed by flowcytometry. Results: Staining with Oil Red and Alizarin Red showed that stem cells extracted by the aforementioned method have the ability to differentiate into bone and fat cells respectively. The results of flocytometry showed that CD34 and CD44 markers were negative and CD45 and CD105 were positive consistent with the immunological properties of Mesenchyma stem cells. Conclusions: This study showed that the mesenchymal stem cells derived from adipose tissue have the potential to differentiate into other cell types and due to the aims specified for continuation of this research, these cells can be used in the animal experimental models of stroke and myocardial infarction.   Keywords: Adipose tissue, Mesenchymal stem cells,Rat.}, keywords = {poster presentation}, url = {https://ijp.mums.ac.ir/article_2694.html}, eprint = {https://ijp.mums.ac.ir/article_2694_152f3928afb024f8bfa0bca38f331f99.pdf} } @article { author = {Nikukar, H and Reid, S and Curtis, AS and Dalby, MJ}, title = {Nanoscale Mechanical Stimulation of Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells}, journal = {International Journal of Pediatrics}, volume = {2}, number = {2.3}, pages = {42-42}, year = {2014}, publisher = {Mashhad University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {2345-5047}, eissn = {2345-5055}, doi = {10.22038/ijp.2014.2695}, abstract = {Introduction: Mechanical stimulation of human mesenchymal stem cells has demonstrated changes in many cell behaviours such as adhesion, migration, growth and differentiation through mechanotransductive pathways. These include experiments on effect of nanotopography 1, shear stress, stiffness of extracellular matrix 2, strain, stress and acoustic wave energy 3 on cells. In this research we were looking for mesenchymal stem cell responses to nanoscale mechanical vibrations in Z-axis. The changes in cell number and shape, differentiation and genetic changes were compared after stimulation with static control groups.  Methods:   A simple protocol for the stimulation of cells in nanoscale Z-axis has been developed for this project (Figure 1). Piezo actuator (type: P-010.00H by PI CeramicÒ) connected to the cell culture dish moves the entire surface up and down. The amount of displacement is dependent on the voltage applied. Attaching an aluminium disk to the base of the Petri dish ensures faithful transfer of the vibration to the cells. Human mesenchymal stem cells from bone marrow (PromoCellÒ) were seeded with 104 cells/dish. After 4 hours seeding and cell settlement, the cells were stimulated for 24 hours, 1 week, and 2 weeks. Experiments were performed in an incubator with optimal temperature 37°C and 5% CO2 concentration. The Petri dish was 60 mm x 15mm standard tissue culture treated polystyrene dish (52mm base diameter) from CorningÒ Incorporated and cell culture media used was MEM alpha modification with L-Glutamine and nucleosides from PAA laboratories (Austria) supplemented with 10% FBS and antibiotics (penicillin and streptomycin). Results:   We observed significant responses after 1 and 2-week stimulations in cell number, cell shapes and phenotypical markers. Microarray was performed for all groups. Cell count showed normal cell growth with stimulation. However, cell surface area, cell perimeter, and arboration after 1-week stimulation showed significant increases. Immunofluorescent studies have showed significant increase in osteocalcin production after stimulation. Conclusions: Nanoscale mechanical vibration showed significant changes in human mesenchymal stem cell behaviours. Cell morphology changed to become more polygonal and increased expression of the osteoblast markers were noted. These findings with gene regulation changes suggesting nanoscale mechanostimulation has stimulated osteoblastogenesis.  Keywords:  Mesenchymal, Nanoscale, Stem Cells.}, keywords = {poster presentation}, url = {https://ijp.mums.ac.ir/article_2695.html}, eprint = {https://ijp.mums.ac.ir/article_2695_529ee93560fb548b1804b756287024f3.pdf} } @article { author = {Ayatollahi, Maryam and Yaghobi, Ramin and Sahraian, Zeinab and Zyaie, Rozita}, title = {Effects of Inflammatory Cytokine Tumor Necrosis Factor-α on Human Mesenchymal Stem Cell Gene Expression: A Mechanism for Liver Regeneration}, journal = {International Journal of Pediatrics}, volume = {2}, number = {2.3}, pages = {43-43}, year = {2014}, publisher = {Mashhad University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {2345-5047}, eissn = {2345-5055}, doi = {10.22038/ijp.2014.2696}, abstract = {Introduction  Insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I) which is produced in abundance in the normal adult liver, is deeply involved in hepatocyte survival, growth, and differentiation during liver development. IGF-I plays the roles via the receptor (IGF-IR) signaling pathway. IGF-IR unlike IGF-I is expressed strongly in the developing liver, but much more weakly in adults. Objective:  We hypothesized that inflammatory cytokines in liver injury may activate human liver progenitor cells to increase expression of IGF-1R, mediate IGF-1 and its cognate receptor-signaling pathways which contribute to liver regeneration. Methods:   To study this, bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) were aspirated from human normal donor after obtaining informed consent. Cells were divided into nine experimental groups and stimulated with inflammatory cytokine tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α). Evaluation of differential expression of IGF-1R in TNF-α-treated human MSCs was done by real time polymerase chain reaction. Results:   The MSCs were CD11b (CR3), CD45, CD34, CD31 (PCAM-1), CD40, CD80 (B7-1), and HLA-class II negative because antigen expression was less than 5%, while they showed a high expression of CD90, and CD73. The differentiation of osteoblasts, is determined by deposition of a mineralized extracellular matrix in the culture plates that can be detected with Alizarin Red. Adipocytes are easily identified by their morphology and staining with Oil Red.  The real time-PCR data reflected increased expression of IGF-IR in human MSCs upon TNF-α stimulation in a dose response manner.  Conclusion: We concluded that ex vivo TNF-α affects IGF-1R expression in human marrow-derived MSCs and might contribute to in vivo-stimulation of liver progenitor cell affected by local inflammatory cytokines due to IGF-1R expression and liver regeneration after injury. It can be a strategy to improve stem cell-effectiveness before in vivo-cell transplantation. Keywords: Adult stem cells, Insulin-like growth factor-I, Gene expression,  Liver regeneration.  }, keywords = {poster presentation}, url = {https://ijp.mums.ac.ir/article_2696.html}, eprint = {https://ijp.mums.ac.ir/article_2696_ce3fd9f6d1c7e24992bd8c33cc39f06e.pdf} } @article { author = {Mahdiyar, P and Zare, Sh and Robati, R and Dianatpour, M and Torabi, K and Tamadon, AD and Razeghian Jahromi2, I and Tamadon, A and Mehrabani, D}, title = {Isolation, Culture, and Characterization of Human Dental Pulp Mesenchymal Stem Cells}, journal = {International Journal of Pediatrics}, volume = {2}, number = {2.3}, pages = {44-44}, year = {2014}, publisher = {Mashhad University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {2345-5047}, eissn = {2345-5055}, doi = {10.22038/ijp.2014.2697}, abstract = {Introduction Based on previous researches, dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) are easily accessible with limited morbidity after collection. Their embryonic origin, from neural crests, explains their multipotency. DPSCs are primarily derived from the pulp tissues of the teeth.Objective: This study was undertaken to isolate, culture, and characterize two different third molar and first premolar human dental pulp mesenchymal stem cells. Methods: To obtain DPSCs, pulp tissues were removed from human third molar and first premolar teeth. They were digested by treating with collagenase type I. The extracted cells were passaged from primary culture up to passage 8. To enumerate the cells, the specified number of the cells were seeded into 24-well culture plates and the number of cells were counted to determine the growth curves of isolated cells from both type of teeth and the population duplication time (PDT) was determined. PCR and karyotype assays were performed to determine the cell surface mesenchymal markers and demonstrate the genetic stability of DPSCs, respectively.  Results: The human DPSCs from both the third molar and the first premolar teeth were spindle-shaped in morphology. As growth curves showed, the proliferation rate of DPSCs in passage 8 among both teeth was different denoting to an increase in doubling time in the first premolar when compared to the third molar teeth. Normal karyotype of DPSCs derived from both the third molar and the first premolar teeth were exhibited. The isolated dental pulp stem cells expressed mesenchymal stem cell surface antigen. These cells were positive for CD73 but were negative for CD45 (hematopoietic stem cell marker). Conclusion: DPSCs can be an attractive candidate in regenerative medicine. As growth curves revealed, the first premolar teeth are suggested as a better source of MSC isolation. Keywords:  Dental pulp, Growth curve, Mesenchymal stem cell, Molar tooth, Premolar tooth.}, keywords = {poster presentation}, url = {https://ijp.mums.ac.ir/article_2697.html}, eprint = {https://ijp.mums.ac.ir/article_2697_7e2ae146eed8042033011c9997584697.pdf} } @article { author = {Rahpeyma, Amin}, title = {Platelet-rich plasma as filling material in open sinus lift surgery}, journal = {International Journal of Pediatrics}, volume = {2}, number = {2.3}, pages = {45-45}, year = {2014}, publisher = {Mashhad University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {2345-5047}, eissn = {2345-5055}, doi = {10.22038/ijp.2014.2698}, abstract = {Background  Many biomaterials are used during the open sinus lift surgery, beneath the elevated scheniderian membrane and maxillary sinus bony floor but the search for Ideal material continues. Methods  In the maxillary posterior atrophic ridges with the bone height less than four millimeters the open sinus lift surgery performed. The autologous Platelet-rich plasma (PRF) was used as the sole grafting material. Dental implant insertion was not attempted at the same cession. Results  Three month after surgery, good density of the bone was observed in OPG. Conclusion  Use of Platelet-rich plasma as grafting material in open sinus lift should be considered. It has benefit of omitting the need for donor site for bone grafting. Keywords:  Platelet-rich, plasma, sinus}, keywords = {poster presentation}, url = {https://ijp.mums.ac.ir/article_2698.html}, eprint = {https://ijp.mums.ac.ir/article_2698_fa87c227ffeaf35e0b6da8f0220bb47c.pdf} } @article { author = {Habibi-Anbouhi, Mahdi}, title = {Cancer stem cells: therapeutic targets}, journal = {International Journal of Pediatrics}, volume = {2}, number = {2.3}, pages = {46-46}, year = {2014}, publisher = {Mashhad University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {2345-5047}, eissn = {2345-5055}, doi = {10.22038/ijp.2014.2699}, abstract = {Cancer stem cells (CSCs) have been identified as rare cellular populations in many cancers, including leukemia and solid tumors. This minor subpopulation of cancerous cells is immortal tumor-initiating cells which thought to be responsible for cancer initiation, progression, metastasis, recurrence and drug/radiation resistance. Low proliferative rate, high self-renewing capacity, differentiation into actively proliferating tumor cells, resistance to chemotherapy or radiation, expression of the stem cell surface marker, poorly immune-regulated and highly metastasize are distinct characteristics of CSCs in comparison with normal stem cells. Up to now, some therapeutic strategies that selectively target CSCs have been identified and in some cases have been evaluated in clinical studies. The crucial regulating pathways in addition of surface biomarkers and also niche of cancer stem cells are considered as novel CSC-targeted therapeutic strategies aiming to eradicate malignancies. Keywords: Cancer Stem Cells (CSCs), CSCs Targeting.  }, keywords = {poster presentation}, url = {https://ijp.mums.ac.ir/article_2699.html}, eprint = {https://ijp.mums.ac.ir/article_2699_0b4a808d74baf0f5a511508747ec9209.pdf} } @article { author = {Sani, Mahsa and Hoseini, Seyed Mojtaba and Aleahmad, Fatemeh and Salman Nejad, Mahin and Ebrahimi, Sepideh and Jahanshahi, Samira and Talaei, Tahereh}, title = {The characterization of CD marker profile of breast milk-derived stem cell}, journal = {International Journal of Pediatrics}, volume = {2}, number = {2.3}, pages = {47-47}, year = {2014}, publisher = {Mashhad University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {2345-5047}, eissn = {2345-5055}, doi = {10.22038/ijp.2014.2700}, abstract = {Background  The mammary gland in humans is a dynamic organ that undergoes significant developmental changes during pregnancy, lactation, and involution. Stem cells derived from human breast milk possess the adult stem cell-like characteristics such as self-renewal, proliferative and differentiate potential. This source of stem cells avoids invasive procedures and the ethical controversy of embryonic stem cells. In this study we aimed at identifying the human breast milk as a source of stem cells by the expression of hematopoietic and mesenchymal stem cells markers using flow cytometry and immunocytochemistry assay. Methods  Human milk samples were collected in sterile tubes manually. The samples were collected from day 0 until month 6 post-delivery, usually in the morning. The breast milk was diluted 1:2 with DMEM medium, centrifuged at 300g for 20 min. The cell pellet was washed twice with PBS contains 7% FBS. The cells were subjected to analysis of cell surface antigenic using flow cytometry. Results  The study provides evidence for the existence of mesenchymal stem cells in human breast milk. Flow cytometric analysis illustrated that breast milk stem cells were positive for surface markers associated with stromal and/or mesenchymal stem cells such as CD90(41.6_+0.4), CD44( 88.3_+4.3),CD271(81.2_+5.8),CD106 (9.5_+1.4) and TRA 60-1(10.55_+0.75) while lacking CD105(2.64_+0.55),CD 73(3.8_+0.51). They had negative reaction for hematopoietic markers CD34 (2.7_+2.1), CD123 (4.6_+1.1), CD133 (2.85_+0.65) and also positive for embryonic markers like OCT 4, NANOG, SOX2 which was shown by immunocytochemistry. Conclusion  The presence of multipotent stem cells in human milk suggests that breast milk could be an alternative, non-invasive, accessible source of stem cells for autologous cell therapy in future. Keywords: Human breast milk, Mesenchymal stem cells, Multipotent ability.}, keywords = {poster presentation}, url = {https://ijp.mums.ac.ir/article_2700.html}, eprint = {https://ijp.mums.ac.ir/article_2700_b469974058a981ca422af853268137c6.pdf} } @article { author = {Khalesi, Maryam and Beiraghi Toosi, Mehran}, title = {Osteoporosis after stem cell transplantation}, journal = {International Journal of Pediatrics}, volume = {2}, number = {2.3}, pages = {48-48}, year = {2014}, publisher = {Mashhad University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {2345-5047}, eissn = {2345-5055}, doi = {10.22038/ijp.2014.2701}, abstract = {Background Stem cell transplantation has become as a novel treatment  for end-stage kidney, lung, heart , liver diseases and several hematologic disorders. Improved survival of transplant recipients has raised awareness of post-transplant complications. One of these complications is transplant-related osteoporosis. Methods  In this manuscript we review prevention methods for transplant-related osteoporosis according to the literature. Results Transplant-related osteoporosis is due to both pre-transplant and post-transplant factors. The most common pre-transplant factor is low bone mineral density related to the underlying disease. The most common post-transplant factor is consumption of immunosuppressive regimens. Bone loss is most rapid in the first 6 to 12 months after transplantation with subsequent slowing thereafter, due to a reduction in immunosuppressive dose and resolution of pretransplant conditions that were deleterious to skeletal health. For prevention of this problem it is recomm ended to measurement of bone mineral density before transplantation. Also all patients should receive counseling about quit smoking, early mobilization after transplantation, regular weight-bearing exercise and fall prevention. Patients should receive 1000 mg/day of calcium and 800 units/day of vitamin D before transplantation. Higher vitamin D doses should be given for patient with vitamin D deficiency. The lowest prednisone dose compatible with graft survival is recommended. Conclusion  It is necessary to consider preventive measures for reduce transplant-related osteoporosis. Keywords: Osteoporosis, Stem cell, Transplantation.}, keywords = {poster presentation}, url = {https://ijp.mums.ac.ir/article_2701.html}, eprint = {https://ijp.mums.ac.ir/article_2701_c11b573f0ebb463d888e3585299e2955.pdf} } @article { author = {Amirpour, M}, title = {Review of Effect of Storage Time before Freezing on Stem Cells Surveillance, Collected from Cord Blood, Peripheral Blood and Bone Marrow}, journal = {International Journal of Pediatrics}, volume = {2}, number = {2.3}, pages = {49-49}, year = {2014}, publisher = {Mashhad University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {2345-5047}, eissn = {2345-5055}, doi = {10.22038/ijp.2014.2702}, abstract = {Introduction: The use of cord stem cells, as a cell source for bone marrow reconstruction in patient under hematopoietic stem cell transplantation is enhancing. The amount of CD34+cells collected from cord blood compared to peripheral blood and bone marrow are less, but their collectionprocesure is easier. Delay in freezing has negative effect on cells surveillance and reduce their ability in transplant acceptance. Therefore collected cells should be used in bone marrow transplantation as soon as possible. The aim of this review is to determine the effect of 72 hours delay on CD34+ and CD45+cell crowd in cord samples, and increase this time in cord bank if possible. Material and method: Survival rate of CD34+ and CD45+cells in cord donated samples in 72 hours consecutive before and after freezing was measured by flow cytometerytechnique,anksynV and D-Amino Actinomycin. These claimants were collected from books and research papers. Results: Surveillance rate ofCD34+ remain high before freezing up to 72 hours, whereas survival rate ofCD45+reduce during 72 hours. Conclusion: Long time storage before freezing has negative effect on cell surveillance rate.   Key words: Stemcell, Storage, Survillance.  }, keywords = {poster presentation}, url = {https://ijp.mums.ac.ir/article_2702.html}, eprint = {https://ijp.mums.ac.ir/article_2702_7b09a4a929fa0175c7465eaf5d3b0452.pdf} } @article { author = {Hashemi Arabi, Masoud and Salami, Siamak}, title = {Evaluation of Stem Cell Markers, CD44/CD24 in Breast Cancer Cell Lines}, journal = {International Journal of Pediatrics}, volume = {2}, number = {2.3}, pages = {50-50}, year = {2014}, publisher = {Mashhad University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {2345-5047}, eissn = {2345-5055}, doi = {10.22038/ijp.2014.2703}, abstract = {Background Cancer stem cells play crucial roles in resistance to therapeutic schemes and relapse of disease, so it is important to find targeted therapies that kill them selectively. Breast cancer is the most common cancer in females living in all part of the world including Iran and it has an important burden in public health with direct impact on patients’ families. Breast cancer in young adults occurs in Iran more frequently than western countries and they usually show higher aggressiveness and poor prognosis. It is postulated that such cancers are consisted of stem cell like cells, so called cancer stem cells that confer severe aggressiveness and poor prognosis. The current study was sought to find of a good in vitro model of cancer stem cells that might be a shortcut to better understanding of molecular events in them and may leads us to find new opportunities for molecular manipulations and design of new therapeutics.  Methods: Four breast cancer cell lines, MCF-7 ، T47D ، MDA-MB231 and MDA-MB468 were purchased from National cell Bank of Iran based in Iran Pasture Institute and were cultured in high glucose DMEM supplemented with 10% FCS. Cells were stained with antiCD44-PE and antiCD24-FITC antibodies and Status of CD44 and CD24 as markers of breast cancer stem cells were evaluated using flow cytometer and fluorescent microscopy.Evaluation of CD44 and CD24 as markers of breast cancer stem cells showed that MDA-MB231 with 97±1.2% CD44+/CD24-/low cells is significantly different from the others that they were mainly CD44 and CD24 positive cells(p<0.01). Conclusion: The current study showed that MDA-MB231 breast cancer cell line is the only one among common breast cancer cell lines that could be used as breast cancer stem cell line. The findings are in close agreement with a few studies that were reported earlier. Keywords: stem cell markers, breast cancer, CD44/CD24.}, keywords = {poster presentation}, url = {https://ijp.mums.ac.ir/article_2703.html}, eprint = {https://ijp.mums.ac.ir/article_2703_33a1b427b5c0fc10d83615d4111c7b45.pdf} } @article { author = {khajehahmadi, Saeedeh}, title = {Wisdom Tooth as the Source of Stem Cells}, journal = {International Journal of Pediatrics}, volume = {2}, number = {2.3}, pages = {51-51}, year = {2014}, publisher = {Mashhad University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {2345-5047}, eissn = {2345-5055}, doi = {10.22038/ijp.2014.2714}, abstract = {Background  Wisdom teeth are usually removed as a routine procedure for therapeutic or prophylactic reasons. Developing wisdom teeth are easy accessible source of stem cells during the adulthood which could be obtained. Methods  Search of the PubMed for stem cells and tooth was done. An inclusion criterion was extract of stem cells from wisdom tooth. Results  Stem cells can be obtained from dental papilla, dental sac, periodontal membrane and dental follicle of wisdom tooth. Conclusion  Extracting stem cells from wisdom teeth has the unique benefit. It is the only tissue that can be removed from the body prophylactically in aseptic conditions. Keywords:  Dental papilla, Stem cells, Wisdom tooth.}, keywords = {poster presentation}, url = {https://ijp.mums.ac.ir/article_2714.html}, eprint = {https://ijp.mums.ac.ir/article_2714_b7ac5ee4a5408929cacdba7ae2082155.pdf} } @article { author = {Khaleghizadeh, M and Forghanifard, MM and Gholamin, M and Memar, B and Abbaszadegan, MR}, title = {Ectopic Expression of Embryo/Cancer Sequence A (ECSA) in KYSE-30 Cell Line Using Retroviral System}, journal = {International Journal of Pediatrics}, volume = {2}, number = {2.3}, pages = {52-52}, year = {2014}, publisher = {Mashhad University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {2345-5047}, eissn = {2345-5055}, doi = {10.22038/ijp.2014.2715}, abstract = {Background Human preimplantation embryonic cells share many similarities with cancer cells such as ability to self-renew, unlimited proliferation and maintenance of the undifferentiated state. Embryo-cancer sequence A (ECSA), also known as developmental pluripotency associated-2 (DPPA2), is a cancer testis antigen (CTA) with unclear biological function yet. Objective: CTAs are expressed normally in germ line cells and trophoblast, and aberrantly in a variety of cancers. According to the importance of ECSA in developmental events and cancer, preparing a suitable platform to analyze its roles seems necessary. Methods The coding sequence of the gene was amplified and sub-cloned in pRUF retroviral expression vector. pRUF- ECSA vector was cotransfected with pVSV-G to GP293 cells and with pVSV-G and pGP to HEK293 packaging cell lines. Then the viral particles were transducted to KYSE-30 cells and the concentration of retroviral particles was determined by Real time PCR. Results  The coding sequence of ECSA gene was successfully subcloned in pRUF expression vector and transfected to packaging cells that the efficiency of transfection to GP293 was higher than the HEK293 cells. The enriched virus particles were obtained at a final concentration of 105 TU/ml. Conclusion  Considering the critical characteristics of retroviral expression system such as stable and longtime expression of interested gene, being safe due to the deletion of retroviral pathogenic genes, and since the function of ECSA gene is not clear, we used this system to induce expression of ECSA and prepared a valuable platform to analyze the biological function of the gene. Also the recombinant ECSA protein can be used in production of recombinant vaccines and serological tests. Keywords: DPPA2, ECSA, Embryo/cancer gene, KYSE cell line, Retroviral expression system.}, keywords = {poster presentation}, url = {https://ijp.mums.ac.ir/article_2715.html}, eprint = {https://ijp.mums.ac.ir/article_2715_66a8b533d751556ab5f0a72a0e15ef2a.pdf} } @article { author = {Ghorbani, Ahmad and Jalali, Seyed Amir and Varedi, Masoumeh}, title = {Isolation of Adipose Tissue Stem Cells with Organ Culture Method}, journal = {International Journal of Pediatrics}, volume = {2}, number = {2.3}, pages = {53-53}, year = {2014}, publisher = {Mashhad University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {2345-5047}, eissn = {2345-5055}, doi = {10.22038/ijp.2014.2716}, abstract = {Background  Isolation of adipose tissue mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) with current enzymatic methods has some limitations. For example, it is costly and time-consuming and results in a heterogeneous cell population that making compromise proliferation and differentiation of MSCs. Also, it is accompanied with the increased risk of culture contaminations because of several handling steps.In this article we present a non-enzymatic method for isolation of MSCs. Methods  Small pieces of rat adipose tissue and also human liposuction sample were placed in the culture flask, covered with fetal bovine serum (FBS) and maintained in incubator for 24 h. Then, the FBS was changed with DMEM medium containing 20% FBS. When the fibroblast-like cells were appeared around the tissue they were expanded through 3 passages and used for Immunophenotype and differentiation assays. Results  Flow cytometric analysis showed that the cells isolated with organ culture method expressed CD44 and CD105 but did not express CD34 and CD45 markers. The isolated cells also differentiated into adipocyte and osteoblast.Therefore, consistent with classically isolated MSCs, the cells isolated with our method express the stem cell surface markers and have pluripotent property. Conclusion  The presented method is an easy and cheap procedure and can be used for harvesting MSCs from very small fat samples of human or animals. Key Words: Adipocyte, Human, Osteoblast, Stem cell.}, keywords = {poster presentation}, url = {https://ijp.mums.ac.ir/article_2716.html}, eprint = {https://ijp.mums.ac.ir/article_2716_0c4c095ce48043d46915c7c448256a09.pdf} } @article { author = {Banihashemrad, Seyed Ali}, title = {Advanced tissue engineering in periodontal Regeneration}, journal = {International Journal of Pediatrics}, volume = {2}, number = {2.3}, pages = {54-54}, year = {2014}, publisher = {Mashhad University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {2345-5047}, eissn = {2345-5055}, doi = {10.22038/ijp.2014.2717}, abstract = {The old wishes of people were to regenerate lost tissues of periodontium that this fact is achieved by gen and cell therapy .Periodontal disease is a chronic inflammation around the tooth by microbes that causes destruction of supporting structure of tissue of tooth such as alveolar bone, cementum and periodontal ligament. For treatment of periodontal diseases we can use the biomaterials which help to regenerate the periodontal tissues like; autogenous bone grafts, allograft, guided tissue regeneration, enamel matrix derivatives and recently usage of growth factor was successful in different levels. There are some biological marker the process of progressive periodontal disease subsequently induce tissue injury. Nowadays we use scaffold for local treatment of tissue injuries and also stem cell could be used to cure intraosseous defects of jaws and others as repair of joints and cartilage, intervertebral discs, spinal lesion, myoblasts for heart stroke and retina. Unlikely the complete regeneration of periodontal tissues do not fulfilled. Key words: Periodontal, Tissue engineering, Regeneration, Stem cells.  }, keywords = {poster presentation}, url = {https://ijp.mums.ac.ir/article_2717.html}, eprint = {https://ijp.mums.ac.ir/article_2717_054e32fe303c03ff40d865bd841f00e7.pdf} } @article { author = {Banihashemi, Mahnaz and Hamidi Alamdaran, Daryoush and Nakhaeizadeh, Solmaz}, title = {Effect of Platelets Rich Plasma on Skin Rejuvenation}, journal = {International Journal of Pediatrics}, volume = {2}, number = {2.3}, pages = {55-55}, year = {2014}, publisher = {Mashhad University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {2345-5047}, eissn = {2345-5055}, doi = {10.22038/ijp.2014.2718}, abstract = {Introduction Autologous plasma-rich platelet (PRP) is a human platelet concentrated product which is in low volume of plasma. Using PRP in rejuvenation and resolution of some cosmetic problems has been already popular in many countries and also in Iran. As no study performed in this field in Iran and regarding the high prevalence of using PRP in society with no validate references in the case of skin rejuvenation, we are trying to research clinical effects of PRP facial rejuvenation.  Materials and Methods:  In this clinical trial, 30 volunteer persons with Glogau score of II and III were participated. Appropriate amount of blood obtained in two sessions with 3 months interval and used in order to produce plasma-rich platelet. Immediately after production of platelets, platelet concentrated product injected in sterile condition and 4 ˚C by an expert physician. Injections were 1 cc in upper zone of face, 1 cc in cheeks and 1cc in lower zone of face and were sub-dermal and intra-dermal (Threading technique). Injections were done in two sessions with 3 months interval. Before the beginning and after the end of treatment, digital photography of patients provided. Evaluation of wrinkle improvement was done on the basis of personal judgment of patient and observation of before and after treatment photography by therapeutic physician and a dermatologist who is unaware of order of photos. Results: Mean age of patients was 45.1±6.89 years and in the range of 35 to 55 years. In 3 and 6 months follow-ups, most of patients reported moderate to excellent improvement in periorbital darkness, periorbital wrinkle, nasolabial fold and skin rigidity. Also, in general evaluation of patients in 3 and 6 months follow-ups, most of the patients reported moderate to excellent improvement and only 17% of patients reported no improvement or mild improvement. In therapeutic physician assessment, in 3 and 6 months follow-ups, mild to moderate improvement in periorbital wrinkle and dyschromia in most of the patients reported. But in nasolabial fold assessment, no improvement reported in most of them. In second physician assessment, no improvement or mild improvement was observed in periorbital wrinkle in 3 and 6 months follow-ups. For dyschromia, mild to moderate improvement and for nasolabial fold, no improvement were reported in most of the patients. Conclusion:  In this study, patients’ improvement in the assessments of the patients, therapeutic physician and second physician (unaware of study) observed variably which was the most in patients’ satisfaction evaluation. Additionally, best effects of PRP in rejuvenation were specified to improvement of periorbital darkness and decreasing skin wrinkle. Keywords: Facial skin rejuvenation, Plasma-rich platelet.  }, keywords = {poster presentation}, url = {https://ijp.mums.ac.ir/article_2718.html}, eprint = {https://ijp.mums.ac.ir/article_2718_40d183f2206d10749517b9b10e9ac9a1.pdf} } @article { author = {Hajizadeh, Ensiyeh and Tahamtani, Yaser and Shokrgozar, Mohammad Ali and Heimberg, Harry and Heremans, Yves and Ravassard, Philippe and Baharvand, Hossein}, title = {Co-Transplantation of VEGF-Expressing Human Embryonic Stem Cell Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells to Enhance Islet Revascularization in Diabetic Nude Mice}, journal = {International Journal of Pediatrics}, volume = {2}, number = {2.3}, pages = {56-56}, year = {2014}, publisher = {Mashhad University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {2345-5047}, eissn = {2345-5055}, doi = {10.22038/ijp.2014.2719}, abstract = {Background: Pancreatic islet transplantation has emerged as a promising treatment for type I diabetes. However, its efficacy is severely hampered due to poor islet engraftment and revascularization, which have been resulted to partially loss of transplanted islets. It has been shown that local delivery of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) could accelerate transplanted islet revascularization, although permanent high level of VEGF may lead to undesirable side effects. In this study we investigated the effects of conditional cell-based delivery of VEGF through collagen-fibrin hydrogel on transplanted islet function and revascularization. Material and Methods: RH6 human embryonic stem cell derived mesenchymal stem cells (ES-MSCs) have been generated, characterized and transduced by two lentiviruses containing rtTA and VEGF-A. Tet-on expression of VEGF from these cells was shown by tube formation assay and was confirmed through VEGF ELISA. After co-transplantation of these cells and mouse isolated islets through collagen-fibrin hydrogel in the omental pouch of diabetic nude mice, the blood glucose, body weight, glucose tolerance and serum C-peptide was measured after 28 days. As control groups, islets were transplanted alone and with non-transgenic ES-MSCs. For measurement of revascularization, immunohistoflourscence examination was done and micro vessel density (MVD) and vessel size have been measured. Results: Receiving the same number of islets (300 IEQ) in all transplanted groups, the average blood glucose concentrations of mice transplanted with islets/hESC-MSC:VEGF were significantly lower than mice transplanted with islets or islet/hESC-MSC at different time points. This notable difference in blood sugar of transplant groups, was also reflected in their weight gain. Serum C-peptide level was higher in islet/hESC-MSC:VEGF (349.8±51.2 pM) compared with islet/hESC-MSC group and islet group but it was not markedly different from C-peptide levels in normal mice. In intraperitoneal glucose tolerance test (IP-GTT) to examine glucose responsiveness of the islet graft, mice in islet/hESC-MSC:VEGF group returned to normoglycemic state at the same rate as normal mice, while mice in islet/hESC-MSC and islet groups responded more slowly and did not return to the normoglycemic state. The results showed improved islet functionality and micro-vessel density in the group of mice received islets with VEGF expressing hESC-MSC, compared with control groups. Conclusion: We conclude that conditional expression of VEGF from hESC-MSCs during islet transplantation could enhance islet functionality and revascularization. This result can be used to improve the outcome of clinical islet transplantation. Keywords:Co-transplantation, Embryonic stem, Mesenchymal stem cells.}, keywords = {poster presentation}, url = {https://ijp.mums.ac.ir/article_2719.html}, eprint = {https://ijp.mums.ac.ir/article_2719_16b16ad1df97c1ba0f176b6ff7828fc8.pdf} } @article { author = {Alizadeh, Effat and Zarghami, Nosratollah and Baghaban Eslaminejad, Mohammad Reza and Akbarzadeh, Abolfazl and Jahangir, Shahrbano and Barzegar, Abolfazl and Hahemzadeh, Shahryar and Mohammadi, Abolghasem}, title = {The effect of Dimethyl Sulfoxide on hepatogenic differentiation of Mesenchymal Stem Cells}, journal = {International Journal of Pediatrics}, volume = {2}, number = {2.3}, pages = {57-57}, year = {2014}, publisher = {Mashhad University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {2345-5047}, eissn = {2345-5055}, doi = {10.22038/ijp.2014.2720}, abstract = {Background Adipose tissue mesenchymal stem cells (AT-MSCs) are suitable choices in treatment of liver associated diseases. Dimethyl Sulfoxide (DMSO) is an amphipathic molecule with potential of delivering both lipophilic and hydrophilic agents into cells. Few protocols used DMSO for induction of AT-MSCs towards hepatocyte like cells but the effect of DMSO on hepatogenic differentiation were not surveyed, previously. In the present study, we aimed at evaluation of the effect of DMSO in differentiation of AT-MSCs into hepatic lineage. Methods: We isolated MSCs from adipose tissue then multi-potency and surface markers of AT-MSCs was evaluated. Isolated AT-MSCs randomly dispensed in four groups including group 1: HGF treated, 2: HGF+DMSO treated, 3: HGF+ DMSO+ OMS treated, and group control for a period of 3 weeks in the expansion medium without serum, EGF and bFGF was also included in the first stage of inductions. The morphologic changes during induction period was observed with microscopy. The protein levels of albumin and a-fetoprotein (AFP) of the differentiating MSCs was investigated by ELISA and urea production was evaluated by colorimetric assay. The qRT-PCR was performed for quantitation of hepatocyte marker genes including a-fetoprotein (AFP), CK18, HNF4a, and HNF6. The glycogen storage of differentiated cells was visualized by periodic-acid Schiff‘s staining. Results: The results demonstrate that DMSO speeds up hepatic differentiation of AT-MSCs characterized by rapid changes in morphology, higher expression of hepatic marker gene (AFP) in both mRNA and protein level (P<0.05), also, increased transcriptional levels of other hepatic genes including CK18, HNF4a, and HNF6 (P<0.01) moreover, greater percentage of glycogen storage( p< 0.05) in DMSO treated groups. Conclusion: DMSO catalyzes hepatic differentiation, therefore using DMSO for acceleration of the hepatogenic protocols of AT-MSCs appears advantageous. Keywords: Adipose Tissue, Mesenchymal Stem Cells, Hepatic differentiation.}, keywords = {poster presentation}, url = {https://ijp.mums.ac.ir/article_2720.html}, eprint = {https://ijp.mums.ac.ir/article_2720_ff8d446a8854ab283b9feac840f64345.pdf} } @article { author = {Mohaqiq, Mahdi and Movahedin, Mansoureh and Mokhtari Dizaji, Manizheh and Mazaheri, Zohreh}, title = {Increase of Proliferation and Colonization in Mouse Spermatogonial Stem Cell by Low Intensity Ultrasound}, journal = {International Journal of Pediatrics}, volume = {2}, number = {2.3}, pages = {58-58}, year = {2014}, publisher = {Mashhad University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {2345-5047}, eissn = {2345-5055}, doi = {10.22038/ijp.2014.2721}, abstract = {Background  Spermatogonial stem cells (SSCs) are the foundation of spermatogenesis. Sound wave especially low intensity ultrasound (LIUS) can be effective on increasing the number of cells. In this study we investigated the effect of LIUS stimulation on mouse SSCs proliferation and colonization. Methods: Isolated SSCs from neonate mice cultured in DMEM culture medium with 10% Fetal Bovine Serum. In the first phase of study, temperature controlled and in the second phase, SSCs stimulated by LIUS with 3 different Intensity dose (100, 200 and 300 mW/cm2) for 5 day and SSCs proliferation and colonization assessed at 7th day. Results:  The LIUS treatment of mouse SSCs increased the proliferation rate and colonization of SSCs in experimental groups compared to the control group. Average of proliferation rate in 100, 200, 300 mW/cm2 and control group were 1.96 ± 0.03, 2.26 ± 0.03, 1.73 ± 0.03 and 1.66 ± 0.03, respectively. Average number of colonies in 100, 200,300 mW/cm2 and control group were 45 ± 1.2, 53 ± 2.4, 28 ± 1.2 and 20 ± 0.8, respectively. Average diameters of colonies in 100, 200, 300 mW/cm2 and control group were 235.3 ± 6.8 µm, 204.6 ± 12.3 µm, 203.6 ± 5.6  and 214.3 ± 9.1 µm, respectively. Our results showed that there was significant increase in proliferation rate and number of colonies in experimental groups compared to control group (P<0.05), whereas there were not significant differences between groups regarding to diameter of colonies. Conclusion:  These results suggested that LIUS treatment can be an efficient and cost-effective method to improve proliferation and colonization of SSCs during in vitro culture.   Key words: colonization, proliferation, mouse, Stem Cell, Ultrasound.}, keywords = {poster presentation}, url = {https://ijp.mums.ac.ir/article_2721.html}, eprint = {https://ijp.mums.ac.ir/article_2721_8804a4fc92544c6c028e23abfd095f6a.pdf} } @article { author = {Bidar, Maryam}, title = {Evaluation of the Effect of Platelet-Rich Plasma on Proliferation and Differentiation of Human Dental Pulp Stem Cells with or without Ga-Al-As Laser}, journal = {International Journal of Pediatrics}, volume = {2}, number = {2.3}, pages = {59-59}, year = {2014}, publisher = {Mashhad University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {2345-5047}, eissn = {2345-5055}, doi = {10.22038/ijp.2014.2722}, abstract = {Background Recently, the clinical use of low power lasers has increased, and it is said that wound healing is accelerated by their irradiation. The aim of this study was evaluation of the effect of platelet-rich plasma on proliferation and differentiation of human dental pulp stem cells with or without Ga-Al-As laser. Methods: In this experimental study, human lower third molar dental pulp cells prepared from torabinejad research center located in isfahan. When cells reached to adequate extent, divided in 4 groups including PRP, PRP+Laser, Laser, and control for implementation of MTT test and alkaline phosphatase activity test. In Laser and PRP+Laser groups, each well irradiated 45 seconds for MTT test and 135 seconds for alkaline phosphatase activity test.   Results: Results demonstrated that PRP and PRP+Laser increased cell proliferation and viability up to 3 days but decreased cell proliferation and viability up to 5 days. Alkaline phosphatase activity was more in PRP+Laser, PRP and Laser, respectively, which all of them were less than control group. Alkaline phosphatase activity up-regulated in control group whereas in other groups down regulated.   Conclusion: Laser irradiation can induce cell proliferation and in this field better acted than PRP. However, for assessment of stimulatory effect of Laser and PRP more studies are warranted.   Keywords:Dental pulp stem cells, Ga-Al-As laser, Platelet-rich plasma.}, keywords = {poster presentation}, url = {https://ijp.mums.ac.ir/article_2722.html}, eprint = {https://ijp.mums.ac.ir/article_2722_4e42fe8ccf58ebaedcecfca308274cb9.pdf} } @article { author = {Mohammadzadeh, Ashraf and Farhat, Ahmadshah}, title = {Stem Cell Therapy in Hypoxic Ischemic Encephalopathy}, journal = {International Journal of Pediatrics}, volume = {2}, number = {2.3}, pages = {60-60}, year = {2014}, publisher = {Mashhad University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {2345-5047}, eissn = {2345-5055}, doi = {10.22038/ijp.2014.2723}, abstract = {Introduction there are one million deaths from asphyxia in newborn annually. Management of this newborn is only supportive. Autologuse stem cell therapy may reduce mortality and long term morbidity. Outcome of asphyxiated newborn is related to damage CNS cells. Stem cells prevent Apoptosis and induce repairmen of injured neurons. Methods in a review study all article related to three keywords of stem cell, newborn, hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy (HIE) were studied. Results in study of Paula et al stem cell by release of trophic factors and inflammatory mediators had supportive effect on HIE. In another experimental study (in mice) the authors observed improvement in sensorial and motors function and decreasing ischemic lesion. Veltron et al in 9 mice with HIE, injection of stem cell from nose 10 days after asphyxia  found improvement in gray mater (34%) and white mater (37%). they also found secretion of some growth factor such as FGP2, NGFT in case group. Moa et al in an experimental study observed increasing of neurons and increased IQ in 6 months of age. Conclusion  Recent studies showed that stem cells will improve CNS function by reducing damaged lesion. Keywords: Hypoxic Ischemic encephalopathy, Newborn, Stem cell.}, keywords = {poster presentation}, url = {https://ijp.mums.ac.ir/article_2723.html}, eprint = {https://ijp.mums.ac.ir/article_2723_2a6e1d1756abdb48b4eedd72ba453607.pdf} } @article { author = {Ghasemi, Ali}, title = {General Anesthesia for Lumbar Puncture and Bone Marrow Aspiration /Biopsy in Children}, journal = {International Journal of Pediatrics}, volume = {2}, number = {2.3}, pages = {61-61}, year = {2014}, publisher = {Mashhad University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {2345-5047}, eissn = {2345-5055}, doi = {10.22038/ijp.2014.2724}, abstract = {Background  Multiple procedures (Lumbar puncture and bone marrow aspiration /biopsy) cause pain, stress, depression and etc for the patients and their families. Various methods have been recommended for pain reduction during invasive procedures. The aim of this study is to report the complications following general anesthesia. Methods In this prospective observational study, two hundred and two children with cancer were enrolled. All patients received propofol 2.5 mg /kg and fentanyl 1 µg/kg. After adequate anesthesia, procedures were performed by a pediatric oncologist. All anesthesia complications were classified into two groups: Intraoperative and Postoperative complications. Complications which were recorded include: abnormal age-specific bradycardia (≤20 × baseline), decrease in arterial oxygen saturation (≤90%), laryngospasm, vomiting, agitation, headache, hypothermia (<35 C°), hyperthermia (>37/8 C°), signs of allergy, traumatic LP (bloody), and unusual local bleeding. Results In this study, 118 males and 84 females underwent 623 general anesthetic procedures with a median of 3 procedures per patient. Intraoperative period complications occurred in 48 of total 623 procedures (7.7 %). The most common complications were traumatic LP, bradycardia and decrease in arterial oxygen saturation which occurred in 25, 6 and 6 cases, respectively. Postoperative period complications occurred in 74 (11.9%) cases. The most common complications were vomiting, agitation and headache, decrease O2 saturation and bradycardia. Conclusion General anesthesia by propofol and fentanyl may be a good choice for short-term painful procedures in children undergoing treatment for bone marrow aspiration/biopsy and intratechal injection. Key Words: Embryonic stem cells; Bone Marrow, Biopsy.}, keywords = {poster presentation}, url = {https://ijp.mums.ac.ir/article_2724.html}, eprint = {https://ijp.mums.ac.ir/article_2724_9292440c463dd7981fc3753150ba4213.pdf} } @article { author = {Dehghani, Mahboobe}, title = {Stem Cells of the Dental Pulp}, journal = {International Journal of Pediatrics}, volume = {2}, number = {2.3}, pages = {62-62}, year = {2014}, publisher = {Mashhad University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {2345-5047}, eissn = {2345-5055}, doi = {10.22038/ijp.2014.2725}, abstract = { Dental Pulp Stem Cells (DPSCs) can be found within the cell rich zone of dental pulp. These stem cells, under specific stimuli, differentiate into many cell types which have wide therapeutic applications.   The dental stem cells are derived from both deciduous and permanent teeth. The viable dental stem cells are very simple to collect, without any mortality and morbidity. Dental pulp stem cells can be obtained from the patient’s vital pulp with the help of stem cell markers, which help in the identification of stem cells. It has been observed that SHED (stem cells from the human exfoliated deciduous teeth) has the potential to differentiate into functional vascular endothelial cells by a process that resembles that of vasculogenesis. By placing the dental pulp stem cells on biodegradable scaffolds, tooth-like tissues have been generated. Although dental tissues are regenerated, the success rate for the correct arrangement of a natural tooth is only 15-20%. Stem cells play a vital role in treating various lives threatening diseases. As conclusion, the identification of several types of epithelial and mesenchymal stem cells in the tooth is a significant achievement. But still, the control of morphogenesis and cytodifferentiation is a challenge that necessitates a thorough understanding of the cellular and the molecular events which are involved in the development, repair and the regeneration of teeth. Until the stem cells in the dental pulp are completely explored, they still remain a mystery inside the tooth. Key Words: Pulp, Stem cell, Tooth, Regeneration.}, keywords = {poster presentation}, url = {https://ijp.mums.ac.ir/article_2725.html}, eprint = {https://ijp.mums.ac.ir/article_2725_704eef2721300eaba929e890f71d5cbb.pdf} } @article { author = {Mousaei Ghasroldasht, Mohammad and M.Matin, Maryam and Bidkhori, Hamid Reza and Bahrami, Ahmad Reza}, title = {Stem Cell-Based Therapy (Cell Therapy) in Iran and other Countries}, journal = {International Journal of Pediatrics}, volume = {2}, number = {2.3}, pages = {63-63}, year = {2014}, publisher = {Mashhad University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {2345-5047}, eissn = {2345-5055}, doi = {10.22038/ijp.2014.2726}, abstract = {Cell therapy is a modern approach in the treatment of most of the diseases which uses stem cells and it has been recently developed rapidly. Cell therapy has shown satisfactory results in this way. Our country, Iran, has played an important role in the development of this new method and the results of stem cell treatment used for the most of the diseases were successful. The results have led to provide clinical-services for these diseases. As a bunch of studies and researches has been done in this area, in Iran, our country has introduced itself as one of the most well-known countries in cell therapy among other countries of the region and also all around the world. In this review, we have analyzed the related information of international clinical-services sites which deals with different types of diseases that are curable by the use of cell therapy or at least they are at the analysis level, different phases of clinical service diseases, the number of researches that have been done in other countries and their situation of their studies, and also rankings of various countries. Consequently, we have compared these results and information in our country, Iran, with other countries to find its position among other powerful countries in the field of cell therapy. Keywords: Disease, Mesenchymal stem cell, Phase, Stem cell, Therapy.}, keywords = {poster presentation}, url = {https://ijp.mums.ac.ir/article_2726.html}, eprint = {https://ijp.mums.ac.ir/article_2726_7588f777c5d60c1a8d02831be9a9fbed.pdf} } @article { author = {Zojaj, Seyyed Abbas and Shafiee-Nick, Reza and Ghorbani, Ahmad}, title = {Rat Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cell Differentiation to Insulin Producing Cells and Evaluation their Responses in Vitro and in Vivo}, journal = {International Journal of Pediatrics}, volume = {2}, number = {2.3}, pages = {64-64}, year = {2014}, publisher = {Mashhad University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {2345-5047}, eissn = {2345-5055}, doi = {10.22038/ijp.2014.2727}, abstract = {Background  In recent years, many researchers haveattempted to cure diabetes by using stem cells technology. Stem cells from different sources have capabilityto differentiateinto insulin producing cells (IPCs) by different methods. The obstaclesof these methods aretheirexpensive materials and complexity ofmethodswhichare practicallydisadvantagesfor producing enough transplantableIPCs that can cure a diabetic patient. The aim of present study was to test a method for isolation and differentiation of rat bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSC)into IPCs which is simple method and produce abundant IPCs. Methods: Adult male Wistar rats 4-6 weeks age and 200-250 g weight were used. Bone marrow was isolated from femoral bone under asepticconditionand cultured as monolayerin DMEM in a density of 1×106/well at 37ºC and 5% CO2 for72 h. After three passages, the cells were differentiated into adiposities and osteocyte cells which approved using oil red and alizarin red staining, respectively. To produce IPCs, BMSC was cultured in low glucose DMEM, with 1% DMSO and without FBS for three days on collagenated coverslips. After three days, theculture medium was changedto DMEM containing 25 mM glucose plus10%FBS and incubated for 7 days. For assessment of insulin secretion capabilityof IPCs, the cells were incubated in DMEM containing5.5 or 25 mM glucose with or without IBMX for two hours. Samples from the medium were taken for subsequent insulin assay For in vivo assay, the mice were made diabetic by injection 200 mg/kgstreptozocinintraperitoneally,which produced a fasting blood sugar about 450 mg/dl. For each mouse, 105 IPCs were injectedintraperitonally. Control mice were injected with 100 µl normal saline.The mice blood sugars were checked every 3 days with a glocoumeter device.  Results: The content of secreted insulin in 5.5 m M glucose concentration was about 40miu/ml that raised to72 miu/ml with incubation with 25 mM glucose. The insulin secretion was potentiated by IBMX which increased to 104miu/ml. One week after IPC transplantation to diabetic mice, fasting blood sugar was started to decrease. After two weeks of transplantation, the blood glucose was fallen to 265 mg/dL comparing to control mice which their fasting blood sugar was about 450 mg/dl until end of study. Conclusion: In this study we introduced a simple, valuable and low cost method to produce insulin producing cells from bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells which could be translated into human clinical trials. Keywords: Mesenchymal stem cells, Transplantation, Diabetes.}, keywords = {poster presentation}, url = {https://ijp.mums.ac.ir/article_2727.html}, eprint = {https://ijp.mums.ac.ir/article_2727_5a957750c893b85e5d18512d301dc89f.pdf} } @article { author = {Forouzanfar, Ali}, title = {The Effects of Low Level Laser Therapy on the Expression of Collagen Type I Gene and Proliferation of Human Gingival Fibroblasts (Hgf3-Pi 53): in vitro Study}, journal = {International Journal of Pediatrics}, volume = {2}, number = {2.3}, pages = {65-65}, year = {2014}, publisher = {Mashhad University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {2345-5047}, eissn = {2345-5055}, doi = {10.22038/ijp.2014.2728}, abstract = {Background  Recent investigations show that both proliferation and secretion of macromolecules by cells can be regulated by low level laser therapy (LLLT). The aim of this study was to determine whether LLLT could induce a bio-stimulatory effects on human gingival fibroblasts (HGF3-PI 53). Therefore, the effect of laser irradiation on human gingival cell proliferation and collagen type I gene expression was studied. Methods: HGF3-PI 53 were cultured in 96-well plate and then irradiated with LLLT gallium-aluminum-arsenide (Ga-Al-As), 810 nm, 50 mW diode laser (energy: 4 J/cm(2)) for three consecutive days. The cell proliferation was measured on days 1, 2 and 3 after irradiation with LLLT using MTT assay. Real time PCR analysis was utilized on day 3 to evaluate the expression of collagen type I gene. Results:  Evaluation of cellular proliferation, one day after laser treatment showed no difference compared to control group. But on days 2 and 3, significant increase in proliferation was observed in the irradiated cell populations in comparison to the control group. Treatment of HGF3-PI 53 by laser resulted in a significant increase in collagen I gene expression on 3 day. Conclusion:  The results demonstrated that LLLT stimulated human gingival fibroblast proliferation as well as collagen type I gene expression in vitro. Keyword: Collagen Type I, Gingival Fibroblasts, Laser Therapy.  }, keywords = {poster presentation}, url = {https://ijp.mums.ac.ir/article_2728.html}, eprint = {https://ijp.mums.ac.ir/article_2728_7b579aae99806490ebb3b93912a5a066.pdf} } @article { author = {Rostamzadeh, Ayoob and Shabani, Arash and Ahadi, Reza and Farzizadeh, Mohammad and Gharib, Alireza and Miraki, Saber}, title = {Noninvasive Stem Cell Labeling Using USPIO Technique and their Detection with MRI}, journal = {International Journal of Pediatrics}, volume = {2}, number = {2.3}, pages = {66-66}, year = {2014}, publisher = {Mashhad University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {2345-5047}, eissn = {2345-5055}, doi = {10.22038/ijp.2014.2729}, abstract = {Background: To date, several imaging techniques to track stem cells are used such as positron emission tomography (PET), single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT), Bioluminescence imaging (BLI), fluorescence imaging, CT scan and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Although, overall sensitivity of MRI compared to SPECT and Bioluminescence techniques are lower, but due to high spatial resolution (~100 mm), long term three-dimensional imaging capability, in vivo quick access to images in three different sections, and noninvasiveness it is being used as the method of choice. Methods: The present study is the search results for authors and sources of information in the field of molecular and cellular imaging to examine the problems and perspectives about stem cells labeling with Ultrasmall Super Paramagnetic Iron Oxide (USPIO) and their tracking by MRI. Results: With the advancement of technology, including quantum physics, chemistry, and computer software, MRI with an excellent spatial resolution and contrast, is surpasses other imaging modalities in the analysis of anatomical and pathological features and images of all body tissues. From the other side, advances in the astronomical science, chemistry and nanotechnology, high biocompatibility and cytotoxicity of nanoparticles, and due to analysis in the metabolic pathways of iron made the procedure easier; however, there are still several fundamental questions in understanding the mechanism of biological molecules in the living cells including: 1- How to detect not only the location but also the performance of the labeled cells? Probably combination of USPIO nanoparticles with other reporter genes as contrast agents for MRI and PET can simultaneously be used to overcome these limitations 2) How to trace stem cells from pre-clinical models to translate to humans? Up to now, due to issues of bioethics, little studies have been done in this area. 3) Whether the transplanted stem cells that have reached the target tissue, will remain or migrate?  Despite the fact that cell proliferation and exocytosis are two main factors for long term protection of USPIO nanoparticles inside cells, their signals cannot be received for a long time. 4) What mechanisms cause stem cells reaching the target tissue to react with their environment?  And 5) what is the number of transplanted cells in live tissue, and what is their half-life? Conclusion: This study showed that USPIO nanoparticles can enter the cell with a clear dose without any adverse biological effects and could be detected by SWI and T2* techniques under MRI (1.5 Tesla) scanner for almost one month. MRI as a secure mean can illustrate with optimal resolution the spatial-resolution and three-dimensional positions of the stem cells. Keywords:  Ultrasmall Super Paramagnetic Iron Oxide (USPIO), labeled stem cell, in vivo tracking, MRI.  }, keywords = {poster presentation}, url = {https://ijp.mums.ac.ir/article_2729.html}, eprint = {https://ijp.mums.ac.ir/article_2729_51e4121c78a77229cfafaebf6f2befc0.pdf} } @article { author = {Zarei-Ghanavati, Siamak and Ramirez-Miranda, Juan A. and Deng, Sophie X.}, title = {Variations of the Normal Human Limbal Stem Cells Detected by In Vivo Confocal Microscopy}, journal = {International Journal of Pediatrics}, volume = {2}, number = {2.3}, pages = {67-67}, year = {2014}, publisher = {Mashhad University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {2345-5047}, eissn = {2345-5055}, doi = {10.22038/ijp.2014.2730}, abstract = {Background  To report normal variations of the limbal structures using in vivo laser scanning confocal microscopy. Methods: This was a retrospective study of fourteen eyes from 11 healthy individuals. Confocal imaging of cornea and limbus was performed using Heidelberg Retina Tomograph III Rostock Corneal Module. Results: The typical structure of the palisades of Vogt (POV) was detected in 57% of eyes (8 cases). Four structures and patterns in the normal limbus were detected and three had not been reported previously. Whorl-like distribution of limbal epithelial cells was present in two eyes. Mixed corneal and conjunctival epithelial cells in a mosaic pattern were detected at the posterior limbus in two eyes. A large number of bright dots in the wing cell and the basal layers were present in five eyes. The forth structure, “limbal lacuna” which was detected in two of our subjects consisted of deep stromal lacuna filled with normal limbal epithelial cells. Conclusions: There are microstructural variants in the normal limbus. Absence of the POV does not necessary indicate limbal stem cell deficiency. Keywords: in vivo confocal microscopy; limbus, cornea; palisades of Vogt.}, keywords = {poster presentation}, url = {https://ijp.mums.ac.ir/article_2730.html}, eprint = {https://ijp.mums.ac.ir/article_2730_7a5b87dd3771fc462cef4e8548bb393f.pdf} } @article { author = {Bahadori, Malihe and Zafar-Balannezjad, Saedeh and Forghanifard, Mohammad Mahdi}, title = {Expressional Analysis of Stem Cell Marker SALL4 in Mesencephalon during Chicken Embryogenesis}, journal = {International Journal of Pediatrics}, volume = {2}, number = {2.3}, pages = {68-68}, year = {2014}, publisher = {Mashhad University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {2345-5047}, eissn = {2345-5055}, doi = {10.22038/ijp.2014.2731}, abstract = {Background SALL gene family represent a group of evolutionary conserved zinc finger transcription factors which are involved in normal development. It includes four members (SALL1 to SALL4). SALL4 has significant roles in the maintenance of pluripotency and self-renewal, efficient proliferation /stabilization and cell fate decision of embryonic stem cells (ESCs). Our aim in this study was to analyze and quantify mRNA expression of SALL4 in mesencephalon, during different stages of chicken embryogenesis. Materials and methods: Ross fertilized eggs were incubated in 37°C -37.5°C in 60-65% humidified atmosphere.  After beginning of embryogenesis, Mesencephalon mesencephalon part of the brain tissue was collected each day from the eggs embryos. Total RNA extraction and cDNA synthesis was performed from resected tissues. The synthesized cDNA was used as template for quantitative analysis of SALL4 mRNA expression using real time PCR assay. Results: The Real-time PCR analysis of SALL4 mRNA expression in mesencephalon tissues indicated that the level of gene expression is significantly variable during embryogenesis. While the basal SALL4 mRNA expression was detected during the rest of embryogenesis, the maximum copy number of SALL4 mRNA was quantified on 19 th day of chicken embryogenesis. Conclusion: Having analyzed the level of SALL4 mRNA expression in different stages of chicken embryogenesis, we can extrapolate that a probable relationship may be existed between expression of SALL4 in nerve centers of mesencephalon brain and development of optic organs.   Keywords:  Expressionalanalysis, stem cell, mesencephalon.}, keywords = {poster presentation}, url = {https://ijp.mums.ac.ir/article_2731.html}, eprint = {https://ijp.mums.ac.ir/article_2731_7dc0bce2af0bff62d05c146e597f9e2d.pdf} } @article { author = {Pourgonabadi, Solmaz and Tayarani-Najaran, Zahra}, title = {Different isolation methods of dental pulp stem cells}, journal = {International Journal of Pediatrics}, volume = {2}, number = {2.3}, pages = {69-69}, year = {2014}, publisher = {Mashhad University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {2345-5047}, eissn = {2345-5055}, doi = {10.22038/ijp.2014.2732}, abstract = {Considering the ease of isolation and high expansion potential of pulp stem/progenitor cells isolated from wisdom and primary teeth they have been implicated as the most reliable autologous cell source in dental tissue engineering. Meanwhile, different isolation methods have remarkable impacts on the expansion potential of adult stem cells. In enzymatic digestion method extracted teeth as dental pulp sources are kept in PBS or medium containing at least 2 % (w/v) antibiotics until isolation procedure. Permanent teeth fractured with a mini hammer in order to get access to the pulp chamber and root canals. After washing with sterile PBS, pulp tissue cut into small pieces as much as possible (~1 mm 3 pieces). Tissue pieces are washed six times with sterile PBS containing 1% antibiotic and 1% amphotericin and placed in 1 ml a solution of trypsin for 15 min in 37°C. Afterthought, tissues were cut in to smaller pieces and placed in six well plates for 10 min to dry. There are some variations in the mentioned method, for instance; using different enzymatic combination of collagenase type I and dispase instead of trypsin. In outgrowth methodpulp tissue placed directly in a cell culture plate with the growth medium after washing with sterile PBS and cutting into small pieces. In the present review, we discuss pros & cons of culturing human dental pulp of wisdom teeth using two methods; enzymatic digestion and outgrowth of stem cells from pulp tissue explants. The most significant differences in enzymatic digestion and outgrowth methods are in reported cell number and homogeneity. While the former is always higher in enzymatic digestion, tissue explants allow the expansion of fibroblastic-like cells in dental pulp cultures. Moreover, isolated dental pulp stem cell in outgrowth method is lower than enzymatic digestion in number but in homogeneity is higher than enzymatic digestion. Kay words: Dental pulp stem cell, Isolation,enzymatic digestion, Outgrowth.}, keywords = {poster presentation}, url = {https://ijp.mums.ac.ir/article_2732.html}, eprint = {https://ijp.mums.ac.ir/article_2732_bab9eb8d77c34de83dcd4ccd7e9ff1db.pdf} } @article { author = {khajehahmadi, Saedeh}, title = {Tissue Engineering in Dentistery}, journal = {International Journal of Pediatrics}, volume = {2}, number = {2.3}, pages = {70-70}, year = {2014}, publisher = {Mashhad University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {2345-5047}, eissn = {2345-5055}, doi = {10.22038/ijp.2014.2733}, abstract = {Introduction Perforation of maxillary sinus mucous membrane is of the most prevalent complication during open sinus lift surgery. Moreover, such complication can usually be managed by an absorbable membrane. As far as absorbable membranes are concerned, decellularized maxillary sinus mucous membranes, which is an extracellular matrix, can be used as a biologic scaffold and insulating membrane in sinus lifting surgery. Methods: The decellularization process of the maxillary sinus membrane was performed by the means of physical and chemical procedures (liquid nitrogen and sodium dodecyl sulfate).Then this membrane was used as a bioscaffold for culturing with adult mesenchymal stem cells, which are derived from adipose tissue. Results: Histologic evaluation of decellularized scaffold revealed that cell of the schreiderian membrane were compatible removed via concentration of 1% SDS. Scanning electron microscope (S6N – Leo vp1450 Germany) of the scaffold indicated that collagen fibers of decellularized maxillary sinus membrane we intact. Culture studies showed that this scaffold supports cell seeding . Conclusion: Decellularized human maxillary schainderian membrane has 3D structure similar to extracellular matrix of native tissue. It can support cell seeding.   Keywords:  Decellularized, Electron microscope, Tissue enggiering.}, keywords = {poster presentation}, url = {https://ijp.mums.ac.ir/article_2733.html}, eprint = {https://ijp.mums.ac.ir/article_2733_e4b1d7a11260b28de14e12751e912cb7.pdf} } @article { author = {Behroooznia, Z and Mansouri Majoufardi, S and Hazratian Azizi, Z}, title = {Investigating the Ethical Challenges of Researches and Treatments Using Stem Cells}, journal = {International Journal of Pediatrics}, volume = {2}, number = {2.3}, pages = {71-71}, year = {2014}, publisher = {Mashhad University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {2345-5047}, eissn = {2345-5055}, doi = {10.22038/ijp.2014.2734}, abstract = {Background Nowadays using the stem cells has opened a new horizon in the medical science and is indeed a practical and non-invasive method for treating refractory diseases such as Leukemias , lymphomas, blood disorders and so on. Nonetheless, proper and sustainable uses of such powerful cells undoubtedly need to be as per certain ethical principles. of the existing challenges in using stem cells, we could mention issues such as: the resources used for stem cells such as fertilization and intentional abortions, generating embryos merely for laboratory studies, commercial benefits, the degree of accuracy in satisfaction, pushing therapeutic cloning towards reproductive cloning and exaggerated propagations on treatments using stem cells. Investigating the ethical challenges of researches and treatments using stem cells as well as providing suggestions on solving some ethical issues. Methods The research methods are based on using the existing library resources such as books, domestic & foreign magazines as well as the internet websites bearing ethical codes. Results Considering the extensive use of the stem cells, realistic programming for solving the ethical issues seems to be essential. using replacement resources for stem cells including: IVF surplus embryos, aborted fetuses, the embryos produced by Therapeutic cloning via Somatic cell nuclear Transfer (SCNT), Induced pluripotent stem cells (iPS), and parthenogenesis are recommended. Definitely, any of the suggested replacement resources have got their own ethical and complicated issues. promoting development of public umbilical cord blood blanks in order to maintain fairness among various social classes, carrying out the preclinical researches and risk to benefit analysis, performing systematic researches, refusing to pay against donation of gametes & embryos, Recommending cellular-therapy only in case it is safer than other available therapeutic methods. Informing the patient of the adverse effects of cellular therapy, providing the low income patients with financial supports via health insurances, using moral manuals and lastly stressing on religious ethics in line with medical ethics and expanding research and studies on the use of adults' stem cells are recommended as replacement methods.   Key words: cellular therapy, cloning, Medical ethics, Stem cells, Research ethics.}, keywords = {poster presentation}, url = {https://ijp.mums.ac.ir/article_2734.html}, eprint = {https://ijp.mums.ac.ir/article_2734_3ccd0f2273a4e3daf4ece035869a34f6.pdf} } @article { author = {Meamar, Rokhsareh and Dehghani, Leila and Nematollahi, Shahrzad and Tanhaee, Amirpoya}, title = {The Role of Stem Cell Therapy in Multiple Sclerosis: an Overview of the Current Status of the Clinical Studies}, journal = {International Journal of Pediatrics}, volume = {2}, number = {2.3}, pages = {72-72}, year = {2014}, publisher = {Mashhad University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {2345-5047}, eissn = {2345-5055}, doi = {10.22038/ijp.2014.2735}, abstract = {The complexity of multiple sclerosis (MS) and the incompetence of a large number of promise treatments in MS urge us to plan new and more effective therapeutic approaches that aim to suppress ongoing autoimmune responses and induction of local endogenous regeneration. Emerging data propose that hematopoietic, mesenchymal and neural stem cells have the potential to restore self-tolerance, to provide in situ immunomodulation and neuroprotection as well as to promote regeneration. Thus in this article we will first provide an overview of the cell sources for, proposed mechanisms that contribute to the beneficial effects of stem cell transplantation and the ideal route and/or timing of stem cell-based therapies for each main stem cell group. Finally, we provide an overview of the current status of stem cell researches in clinical trial stages in MS by comparable and healthy therapeutic effects of different stem cells therapy in MS patients.   Keywords: Cell therapy and transplantation,  Hematopoietic stem cells, Mesenchymal stem cells, Neural stem/precursor cells, Stem cells.}, keywords = {poster presentation}, url = {https://ijp.mums.ac.ir/article_2735.html}, eprint = {https://ijp.mums.ac.ir/article_2735_5843749b19726b9d5eff79b485381661.pdf} } @article { author = {Dehghani, Leila and Nasr Esfahani, Mohammad-Hossein and Tahani, Soheila}, title = {Genetically Engineered Mouse Embryonic Stem Cell – derived Cardiomyocytes as a Suitable Model on Drugs Toxicity In vitro}, journal = {International Journal of Pediatrics}, volume = {2}, number = {2.3}, pages = {73-73}, year = {2014}, publisher = {Mashhad University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {2345-5047}, eissn = {2345-5055}, doi = {10.22038/ijp.2014.2736}, abstract = {Background DOX is a powerful chemotherapeutic agent used in the treatment of solid tumors and malignant hematological diseases. However, its cardiac toxicity limits the clinical usefulness of this drug. Previous reports have shown Corticosteroids induce a cytoprotective effect on cardiomyocytes. Mouse transgenic embryonic stem cell-derived pure cardiomyocytes may be considered as a model for assessment pharmacological and toxicological effects of drugs in vitro. Methods Mouse transgenic embryonic stem cell-derived pure cardiomyocytes were treated by different concentrations of doxorubicin to determine DOX LD50. Pure cardiomyocytes were evaluated in two groups: treatment by 10µM DEX 24 h before or before and in continuation with DOX. The percentage of cardiomyocyte viability by MTS assay, the percentage of beating and quantitative Real Time polymerase chain reaction (Real Time-PCR) for cardiac gene expression (β-MHC) was evaluated in each group.   Results 5µM DOX was determined as drug concentration that leads to 50% cardiomyocyte mortality. Cardiotoxicity on mouse transgenic embryonic stem cell-derived pure cardiomyocytes can be ameliorated by treatment with dexamethasone (DEX) when DEX administrated before DOX. The effect of DEX appears to be mediated via glucocorticoid receptors. DEX increases cardiomyocyte gene expression and decreases apoptosis. Conclusion Transgenic embryonic stem cell derived cardiomyocytes are a model for evaluation of doxorubicin toxicity. Additionally, this model provides us with a clinical suggestion, which proposes that the beneficial effect of DEX is obtained when DEX was added only before DOX. Also the results of present study were consistent with in vivo result in mice.   Key words: Apoptosis, Cardiotoxicity, Doxorubicin, Mouse Transgenic Embryonic Stem Cell.}, keywords = {poster presentation}, url = {https://ijp.mums.ac.ir/article_2736.html}, eprint = {https://ijp.mums.ac.ir/article_2736_e41e7d75fcbb3de67f5e6d876b7d1a93.pdf} } @article { author = {Sadri, Kayvan and Aryana, Kamran and Shafiei, Susan and Barati, Sepideh and Zakavi, Seyed Rasoul}, title = {Tc-99m Labeled HMPAO white Blood Cell Scintigraphy in a patient with Hip Prosthesis}, journal = {International Journal of Pediatrics}, volume = {2}, number = {2.3}, pages = {74-74}, year = {2014}, publisher = {Mashhad University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {2345-5047}, eissn = {2345-5055}, doi = {10.22038/ijp.2014.2737}, abstract = {Background The ability to follow the distribution and migration of biologically active cells in human is essential for the development of cell-based therapies and diagnostics. Nuclear medicine imaging is widely applied in clinic as an attractive technique for in vivo WBC and stem cell tracking. The aim of this study was to evaluate prosthesis infection of a 51 years old man with previous history of hip prosthesis in the left side 17 years ago, and pain in the left femur since 7 months ago using 99mTc-HMPAO labeled WBC.   Methods: After sterile isolation of patient's WBCs from RBC and Platelet, they were incubated with 30 mCi of 99mTc-HMPAO for 20 minutes. The labeled WBCs were isolated from 99mTc-HMPAO by centrifuge (450 g, 5 min) in sterile condition and reinjected to the patient. Planar Imaging was acquired (256 × 256 matrix, 5 min) two & four hours post injection.   Results: Planar images showed no uptake on the left femur (suspicious to infection) which excludes the patient from surgery replacement of the prosthesis.    Conclusion: Leukocyte scintigraphy with 99mTc-HMPAO has been a useful diagnostic method for three decades in the detection of bone infection, fever of unknown origin and suspicion of acute appendicitis.   Key Words: Leukocyte labeling, Hip prosthesis, 99mTc-HMPAO, Scintigraphy.        }, keywords = {poster presentation}, url = {https://ijp.mums.ac.ir/article_2737.html}, eprint = {https://ijp.mums.ac.ir/article_2737_e7a0938b594595e8c2a06d8e1be38cef.pdf} } @article { author = {Salarinia, R and Daei, A and Biglari, A and Jafari Anarkooli, I and Mazloomzadeh, S and Lowenstein, PR}, title = {Repair of Spinal Cord Injury (SCI) Using Bone Marrow Stromal Cell Transfected with Adenoviral Vector Expressing Glial derived Neurotropic Factor (GDNF) in a Rat SCI Model}, journal = {International Journal of Pediatrics}, volume = {2}, number = {2.3}, pages = {75-75}, year = {2014}, publisher = {Mashhad University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {2345-5047}, eissn = {2345-5055}, doi = {10.22038/ijp.2014.2738}, abstract = {Back ground  Subsequent to spinal cord injury many pathological changes may occur that could lead to inappropriate environment for repair. The Most important of such changes is the death of neurons. Exogenous administration of growth factors that modulate neuronal survival, synaptic plasticity, and neurotransmission has been proposed as a potential therapeutic treatment for SCI. Among these growth factors, GDNF is a peptide with pleiotropic survival and growth-promoting effects on neurons. In addition, GDNF induces the growth of motor and sensory axons and inhibits neuronal apoptosis. Adult stem cells may provide new strategies to treat SCI. Among various types of candidate stem cells, bone marrow stromal cells (BMSC) are promising because they have shown potential to neuronal differentiation and repair in damaged spinal cord. In this study, we aimed to improve results of treatment using combination of BMSC and GDNF features. Methods: Rats were divided randomly into four groups of six. Spinal cord injury was then performed under general anesthesia using the weight dropping method. The BMSCs were injected on 3th day of post-spinal cord injury. Group one included rats receiving normal saline, group two received BMSC, group three received BMSC infected with adenoviruses encoding the beta-galactosidase gene, and group four received BMSC infected with adenoviruses encoding the GDNF gene. A Basso, Beattie and Bresnahan (BBB) score test was performed for a period of four weeks. Two weeks before the end of BBB, biotin dextran amine was injected intracerebrally followed by tissue staining at the end of the fourth week. Results: There was a significant difference in BBB scores between groups one and four (p<0.05). BBB scale improved to 12.8 points group one, while it was 8.6 in the control. There were no significant differences between other groups. There were significant differences in axon counting between group one and other groups (p<0.0001). Also, there were significant differences in axon counting between group four with groups two and three (p<0.0001). Conclusion: Combined use of these methods (GDNF expressing BMSCs) showed better results in comparison with BMSC alone. In this study the two methods were used simultaneously. The time of injection of BMSCs is very important and so we suggest that other injection times be tested. Key words: BMSC, GDNF, Gene Therapy, Spinal cord injury.}, keywords = {poster presentation}, url = {https://ijp.mums.ac.ir/article_2738.html}, eprint = {https://ijp.mums.ac.ir/article_2738_be1098c4ce14682a11b0f8c75adaba66.pdf} } @article { author = {Mansouritorghabeh, Hassan and Modarresi, Alireza}, title = {The Current Status of Bone Marrow Transplantation in Treatment of Patients with Hemophilia}, journal = {International Journal of Pediatrics}, volume = {2}, number = {2.3}, pages = {76-76}, year = {2014}, publisher = {Mashhad University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {2345-5047}, eissn = {2345-5055}, doi = {10.22038/ijp.2014.2739}, abstract = {Background Bone marrow transplantation (BMT)is nowadays used in various hematological disorders including leukemias. Hemophilia A & B are sex linked bleeding disorders in which there are various genetic abnormalities in factor VIII & IX genes. Among various hematological disorders, bleeding disorders mainly hemophilia in now widely treated using plasma derived and recombinant factor VIII & IX concentrates. Day to day transfusion of coagulation factor VIII & IX in current lifelong disorder is a burden for the patients and decrease their quality of life. Although infection of coagulation products with blood-borne viruses that was major concern in treatment of hemophilia has been eliminated nearly complete at the present time, but appearance of factor VIII & IX inhibitors are huge burdens in treatment of hemophilia for both clinicians and patients. In this day and age BMT has gathered new insight and acceptable treatment for many hematological and non-hematological disorders. If BMT will be successful in treatment of hemophilia, it will improve quality of life (by nearly permanent treatment without necessary of daily treatment) and decrease mortality rate (by providing continuous coagulation factor level in blood system). The aim of current study was to determine current role of BMT in treatment of hemophilia A & B and evaluate current usage of BMT for treatment of hemophilia A & B. Methods literature review was done using following key words: “bone marrow transplantation & hemophilia”, “stem cells transplantation & hemophilia”, BMT & hemophilia” in PubMed search engine without any time restriction. In addition the literature search limited to English languages papers. Results After complete search, abstracts of 24 original papers obtained and among them full text of 18 full text of papers accessed. The review of current papers showed that although BMT has been used in a rare cases with hemophilia (mainly hemophilia with another blood disorder), it does not use commonly and currently in treatment of patients with hemophilia A at present time. Literature review showed that scientists now focused on bone marrow transplantation in mouse model of hemophilia.  Conclusion  The literature review showed that BMT at present time is not common medical procedure and it is now in animal models, stage.   Key Words: Bone marrow transplantation, Hemophilia, Treatment.  }, keywords = {poster presentation}, url = {https://ijp.mums.ac.ir/article_2739.html}, eprint = {https://ijp.mums.ac.ir/article_2739_7cf23e7b4ae59c158ac5c2d40dbeb27f.pdf} } @article { author = {Rahpeyma, Amin}, title = {Buccal fat pad: A location for obtaining adipose divide stem cells}, journal = {International Journal of Pediatrics}, volume = {2}, number = {2.3}, pages = {77-77}, year = {2014}, publisher = {Mashhad University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {2345-5047}, eissn = {2345-5055}, doi = {10.22038/ijp.2014.2740}, abstract = {Background  Buccal fat pad is known as anatomic structure in between the masticatory muscles that separate these muscles from each other and surrounding bone. Ease of access, through the intraoral route makes it suitable choice for obtaining adipose derived stem cells. Methods  Intraoral incisions for getting access to the buccal fat of pad are; Retromolar incision, incision in medial of pterygomandibular raphe, incision in the vestibular depth of maxilla behind the zygomatic process and finally incision in the buccal mucosa at the level of occlusual plane. Conclusion  The best may for getting access to the Bishat fat is incision in the maxillary vestibular depth behind the first molar. Keywords: Adipose divide, Buccal fat pad , Stem cells.  }, keywords = {poster presentation}, url = {https://ijp.mums.ac.ir/article_2740.html}, eprint = {https://ijp.mums.ac.ir/article_2740_cc94ef3237de0c8ad6546524fc9643b8.pdf} } @article { author = {Keshvari, Maliheh}, title = {The effect of autologus peripheral blood cells transplantation along with platelet rich plasma in the treatment of patients with stress incontinence}, journal = {International Journal of Pediatrics}, volume = {2}, number = {2.3}, pages = {78-78}, year = {2014}, publisher = {Mashhad University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {2345-5047}, eissn = {2345-5055}, doi = {10.22038/ijp.2014.2741}, abstract = {Background The aim of this clinical trial was the assessment of safety and efficacy of submocosal and periurethral injections of peripheral blood derived autologous stem cells along with platelets, and focused on outcome for six months. Methods An open, prospective study was conducted on 10 patients presenting with stress urinary incontinence. At the baseline (pre-operative), 1, 3 and 6 months after external urethral sphincteric and submucosal injections of peripheral blood derived autologous stem cells along with platelets, the patients were assessed according to Marshal Test, International Consultation on Incontinence Questionnaires for urinary incontinence and quality of life. Results Except one patient who experienced post-operative UTI and well responded to medical therapy, no major complication was observed after injection. At 6-months' follow up, all the patients considered themselves clinically cured, with 9 women were completely continent and one marked improvement. Mean age was 48.5±13 years. At 1, 3, 6 months post-injection, there was a significant improvement in ICIQ-UI, ICIQ-QOL (P<0.05). Conclusion Cell therapy consisting of intrasphincteric and submucosal injections of peripheral blood derived autologous stem cells along with platelets in patients with stress urinary incontinence is a feasible and safe procedure. The results point out those subjects cured or marked improvement in six months follow up. Keywords: Peripheral blood, Platelets,  Stem cells, Stress urinary incontinence.}, keywords = {poster presentation}, url = {https://ijp.mums.ac.ir/article_2741.html}, eprint = {https://ijp.mums.ac.ir/article_2741_faa385e223acfa8c62b187afaae76ba9.pdf} } @article { author = {Gholami, Mahdi}, title = {Reconstructionof Human Mandibular Continuity Defects with Allogenic Scaffold and Autologousmarrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells}, journal = {International Journal of Pediatrics}, volume = {2}, number = {2.3}, pages = {79-79}, year = {2014}, publisher = {Mashhad University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {2345-5047}, eissn = {2345-5055}, doi = {10.22038/ijp.2014.2742}, abstract = {Background Mandibular continuity defects occur after tumor resection, maxillofacial injury, or osteomyelitis. Despite the current availability of a plethora of treatment modalities, bone substitutes, and various clinical adjuncts, an exact reconstructive recapitulation of large bony defects continues to be beyond reach. In this clinical pilot study, we report a novel method for reconstruction of mandibular continuity defect by in vivo tissue engineering. Methods: In 3 patients with critical-size mandibular bone defects, the allogenic mandibular bone scaffold was customized, loaded by ex vivo expanded mesenchymal stem cells, and transplanted into the surgical defect site. Results:  According to the bone scintigraphy, vascularized bone was identified in2 cases. In spiral computed tomography, normal bone healing without significant bone resorption was seen at the 2 viable grafts, but at the failed construction, there was a lack of osteointegration to the adjacent host bone and a higher density in the medullary bone. According to the serial panoramic imaging, the patients with viable bone grafts had normal bone healing, whereas the other patient had progressive overall bone resorption. Conclusion:  Our results demonstrate the feasibility of allogenic bone scaffold loaded by mesenchymal stem cells in the reconstruction of mandibular continuity defects. Although long-term results are not yet available, it may be a novel method of reconstruction and a basis for further studies. Keywords:  Autologousmarrow,  Mesenchymal stem cells.}, keywords = {poster presentation}, url = {https://ijp.mums.ac.ir/article_2742.html}, eprint = {https://ijp.mums.ac.ir/article_2742_6648c4bb1df1a6fe67d434898d206608.pdf} } @article { author = {Tayarani-Najaran, Zahra and Pourgonabadi, Solmaz}, title = {Potential use of Dental Pulp Stem Cell in Laboratory Studies and Clinical Trials}, journal = {International Journal of Pediatrics}, volume = {2}, number = {2.3}, pages = {80-80}, year = {2014}, publisher = {Mashhad University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {2345-5047}, eissn = {2345-5055}, doi = {10.22038/ijp.2014.2743}, abstract = {Stem cell-based therapy has great potential in treating health conditions including cardiovascular, autoimmune, type I diabetes, neurodegenerative and bone and cartilage diseases also in spinal cord injuries, malformations and cancer. In addition to their potential use to treat systemic diseases, stem cell-based therapy also provides a powerful tool to treat oral and dental diseases such as craniofacial defects, dental caries, periodontal disease, oral cancer, salivary gland and temporomandibular joint dysfunction, resulting in poor quality of life in patients. Dental stem cells are commonly derived from the pulp or follicle of deciduous or permanent teeth. The multipotent dental stem cells have been implicated in cell-based medicine in oral and non-oral defects. This review discusses on potential use of dental stem cells in regenerative medicine from systemic diseases to tooth replacement therapy. The DSCs can be obtained from the dental pulp tissue, dental follicle tissue and periodontal ligament tissue. Dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) are an available stem cell source with therapeutic application in repair and regeneration of injured tissues. DPSCs show a multipotent character as they can differentiate into chondrocytes, adipocytes, osteoblasts, myocytes, and neuronal cells. Dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) were first isolated and characterized from human teeth and most studies have focused on using human DPSCs for dentin regeneration. Dental stem cells derived from third molar teeth are considered a new source of stem cells that could be used for regenerative medicine. Keywords:Clinical trials, Dental pulp stem cell, Disease.}, keywords = {poster presentation}, url = {https://ijp.mums.ac.ir/article_2743.html}, eprint = {https://ijp.mums.ac.ir/article_2743_62c19f6893e67fcf77078bfb31f787ce.pdf} } @article { author = {Saeidi, Masumeh and Khakshour, Ali and Taghizadeh Moghadam, Habibolah and Faroughi, Foad and Rahban, Majid}, title = {Facts about Stem Cells and Importance of Them}, journal = {International Journal of Pediatrics}, volume = {2}, number = {2.3}, pages = {81-81}, year = {2014}, publisher = {Mashhad University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {2345-5047}, eissn = {2345-5055}, doi = {10.22038/ijp.2014.2744}, abstract = {Stem cells are undifferentiated biological cells that can differentiate into specialized cells and can divide (through mitosis) to produce more stem cells. They are found in multicellular organisms. In mammals, there are two broad types of stem cells: embryonic stem cells, which are isolated from the inner cell mass of blastocysts, and adult stem cells, which are found in various tissues. In adult organisms, stem cells and progenitor cells act as a repair system for the body, replenishing adult tissues. In a developing embryo, stem cells can differentiate into all the specialized cells—ectoderm, endoderm and mesoderm (see induced pluripotent stem cells)—but also maintain the normal turnover of regenerative organs, such as blood, skin, or intestinal tissues. There are three accessible sources of autologous adult stem cells in humans: Bone marrow, which requires extraction by harvesting, that is, drilling into bone (typically the femur or iliac crest), Adipose tissue (lipid cells), which requires extraction by liposuction, and Blood, which requires extraction through apheresis, wherein blood is drawn from the donor (similar to a blood donation), and passed through a machine that extracts the stem cells and returns other portions of the blood to the donor. Stem cells can also be taken from umbilical cord blood just after birth. Of all stem cell types, autologous harvesting involves the least risk. By definition, autologous cells are obtained from one's own body, just as one may bank his or her own blood for elective surgical procedures. Adult stem cells are frequently used in medical therapies, for example in bone marrow transplantation. Stem cells can now be artificially grown and transformed (differentiated) into specialized cell types with characteristics consistent with cells of various tissues such as muscles or nerves. Embryonic cell lines and autologous embryonic stem cells generated through Somatic-cell nuclear transfer or dedifferentiation have also been proposed as promising candidates for future therapies.    }, keywords = {poster presentation}, url = {https://ijp.mums.ac.ir/article_2744.html}, eprint = {https://ijp.mums.ac.ir/article_2744_9695fe4cd1170bfdd9b09eeba9d1a941.pdf} } @article { author = {Havakhah, Shahrzad and Hosseini, Azar and Hassan Zadeh3, Malihe}, title = {Evaluation of Crystal, Crack and Ethanol on viability of Mesenchymal Stem cells}, journal = {International Journal of Pediatrics}, volume = {2}, number = {2.3}, pages = {82-82}, year = {2014}, publisher = {Mashhad University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {2345-5047}, eissn = {2345-5055}, doi = {10.22038/ijp.2014.2745}, abstract = {Introduction Nowadays, due to drug abuse the world community has suffered  considerable  losses,  resulting  from productivity loss;  transmission  of  infectious  diseases; physical,  mental,  social  and  family  problems  and disabilities; increased crime rates; the need for providing health care  practices;  threatened  personal  safety;  and decreased life quality.   Crack, a cheap, highly addictive derivative of heroin unique to Iran, is rife in the poorer quartes of Irans big cities. Home-produced crystal-meth. Known as shishe, meaning glass, has also entered the market. It is favoured by many poor and disheartened young men and by many middle-class women trying to stay thin. Harmful of these agents is clear. In this study we investigated effects of them on stem cells in comparison with ethanol. Method: Mesenchymal stem cells were isolated from rat and human adipose tissue then exposed to crystal (60-2000µg/ml), crack (60-2000µg/ml), and ethanol (1.5%-50%). Results: After 1 h microscopic observation showed that high concentration of crystal and crack changed shape of cells. After 24 h we determined viability of cells by MTT assay. MTT assay confirmed our microscopic observation. At high doses (1000 and 2000µg/ml, p<0.001) cells were died completely with crystal and crack while lower concentrations of these agents had less effect. Also ethanol did not have cytotoxicity at doses of 1.5-5%, it decreased viability at high doses (>5%). Conclusion: In result, moreover theses agent affected on different organs, they destroyed cells. It can be suggested the loss of these cells may have a role in lake of regeneration of damaged tissues.     Keyword: Adipose tissue, Crack, Crystal, Mesenchymal stem cells.  }, keywords = {poster presentation}, url = {https://ijp.mums.ac.ir/article_2745.html}, eprint = {https://ijp.mums.ac.ir/article_2745_c951982fac15a666feacc12b31a5d503.pdf} } @article { author = {Ghasemi, Ali and Mamdouh, Freshteh and Gholami, Farhad}, title = {Evaluation of Therapeutic Effects of Autologous Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells to Prevent the Progression of Chronic Nephropathy in Renal Transplant}, journal = {International Journal of Pediatrics}, volume = {2}, number = {2.3}, pages = {83-84}, year = {2014}, publisher = {Mashhad University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {2345-5047}, eissn = {2345-5055}, doi = {10.22038/ijp.2014.2758}, abstract = {Background Chronic allograft nephropathy(CAN)  is one of the most common causes of chronic and end stage renal disease. It  is defined with Mainly tubular atrophy and  interstitial fibrosis and no evidence of any other etiology, or functional disorder that caused at least three months after transplantation . Control of risk factors (HTN,DM,HLP, …) and limiting  usage of calcineurin inhibitors or replace all of them keep longer it and positive C4d nephropathy shiting to  celecept or increase dose recommended . The use of mesenchymal stem cells has three  thrapuitic  purposes  : first, the ability of these cells into the desired tissue , the induced effects on cell damage and third is  regulation of immune system , which is totally new way to deal with the disease. Materials and Method :Using keywords , mesenchyma cells , renal transplantation, chronic failure Search in Google Scholar , impacts of information such as PUB MED, and magazines such KIDNEY INTERNATIONAL and research centers such as the Institute of Digestive Disease Research Center, Tehran University of embryos and one book and dissertations were used. within twelve source material has been collected and summarized. Member reconstruction methods (regeneration), which auto multipotential stem cell and tissue engineering  werer used, significant results obtained. In animal models and human studies , these cells inhibit the proliferation and function of immune cells ( T and B cells and NK) and adjust the function of dendritic cells and induction of regulatory T cell activity logs. Their immunomodolatory  activities are through non- specific anti- proliferation activity of contact -dependent cell - cell or secreted factors such as IDO or indolamin oxidase 2 and 3 , prostaglandin E2, HLA-G, interferon, interleukin- B1 The combination of injected antibodies and stem cells transplantation  was effective,  the incidence of acute rejection in the first year, fewer opportunistic infections , and renal function was significantly better in the group of stem cells. The effect of autologous cell transplantation bone marrow stem cell on renal allograft significantly improved compared to that in all cases , the use of stem cell therapy approach is effective  and without danger . Transplantation of bone marrow -derived mesenchymal cells with Pioglitazone in patients with decompensated cirrhosis ( clinical trial phase I). Reducing fibrosis , or prevention of fibrosis in animal studies has been shown to possess twice CD133 cell transplantation or bone marrow-derived mononuclear cells compared with a control group of patients with decompensated liver cirrhosis in human samples is ongoing .Portal venous injection of stem cells into hepatic indices somewhat improved . Repeated cell transfusions in these patients may lead to lasting health effects . No clinical studies done on the effects of these cells in transplant rejection and treatment of fibrosis.  Therapy with autologous mesenchymal stem cell for allograft rejection is safe (Safety), and available (Feasibility). Findings further benefit their immunosuppressive effects. Intravenous injection of mesenchymal stem cells can largely reduce the symptoms of graft rejection and graft survival. members can help . Transplantation of mesenchymal cells, also reduces memory fatal cells. Results:Nephropathy and chronic renal allograft rejection  is a potential problem that they are facing almost 90 % of the recipient ,. The two groups of Patients have similar incidence of acute rejection and graft survivle , fewer opportunistic infections in the first year , and was significantly better renal function in stem cells DGF in patients receiving stem cell significantly decreased than control group. early half of the patients in the control group had DGFwhich occurred in the first week and Cratinin was  significantly  lowerin the first and  second  week in the case group. Injections ( one million cells per kilogram of patient weight ) of autologous mesenchymal cells derived from bone marrow was done and  biopsies showed, fibrosis and atrophy of the tubules according to protocol after the link (IF / TA) was approved . Studies showed that treatment with stem cells autologous transplant rejection in renal allografts is harmless (Safety), and available (Feasibility) , and findings for the benefit of their immunosuppressive effects .Conclusions: Several clinical trial was done and are doing .Therapy with autologous stem cell  for choronic  allograft nephropathy is harmlesss (Safety), and available (Feasibility) , and findings confirmed for the benefit of their immunosuppressive effects Derived mesenchymal stem cells not only  increasing regulatory cells ,but also reduces fatal memory cells and possible repair or reconstruction may provide with  these cells. Regeneration, and repair   with multi -potential  stem cell or isolated mesenchymal cells from the patient's  associated tissue engineering , particularly in the kidney have achieved considerable results.      }, keywords = {poster presentation}, url = {https://ijp.mums.ac.ir/article_2758.html}, eprint = {https://ijp.mums.ac.ir/article_2758_75a8f6fde75a0ba48e5fd1b5a53b99d7.pdf} } @article { author = {Mollaei, Hoda and Khalaj-kondori, Mohammad}, title = {Stem Cells Application in Modeling of Human Genetic Diseases}, journal = {International Journal of Pediatrics}, volume = {2}, number = {2.3}, pages = {85-85}, year = {2014}, publisher = {Mashhad University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {2345-5047}, eissn = {2345-5055}, doi = {10.22038/ijp.2014.2759}, abstract = {The use of animal models in modeling of human genetic disease has many advantages. In some cases, however, this method may not be applicable due to some limitations, such as differences in tissue composition, anatomy and physiology of humans and animals. Isogenic human disease models are a population of cells that are selected or engineered to model a specific genetic disease, in vitro. They are provided with a genetically matched ‘normal cell’ to provide an isogenic system. These cell lines are tailored by means of homologous gene targeting using targeting vectors. Two common cell sources for this purpose are hESCs and iPSCs. The use of iPSCs technology began in 2007. In this technique, a blood sample or a skin biopsy is taken from the patient, and then by using the reprogramming inducing factors, iPSCs are generated. Since most disease phenotypes are only observed in differentiated cells, but not in stem cells, iPSCs must be differentiated into disease-relevant cell line. On the other hand, in order to create an isogenic system, normal cell line is to be generated by homologous gene targeting. Making use of stem cells, cellular models of many genetic diseases have been developed so far. Lesch-Nyhan syndrome (using hESC) and Huntington disease (using iPSC) are just two examples in which cellular models has been successfully applied to display a disease phenotype. Using cellular models has enabled researchers to better understand the genetic diseases mechanisms and to evaluate the effects of novel therapeutic agents. Moreover, this method could be used to predict which particular patient groups would better respond to a particular drug treatments and enhance drug development, leading to personalized therapies.  Key words: Cellular model,  Genetic disease,  Stem cells, Reprogramming.}, keywords = {poster presentation}, url = {https://ijp.mums.ac.ir/article_2759.html}, eprint = {https://ijp.mums.ac.ir/article_2759_e3e5368b55a4e0c9ef4de94efd47f775.pdf} } @article { author = {Karami Juyani, Afsane and Saberi, Mehdi and Kaka, Gholamreza and Jafari, Mahvash and Riyahi, Simin and Taghizadeh, Maliheh}, title = {Toxicity Study of Gelatin-chitosan Films with Bone Marrow Stromalcells Cultured in Rat}, journal = {International Journal of Pediatrics}, volume = {2}, number = {2.3}, pages = {87-87}, year = {2014}, publisher = {Mashhad University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {2345-5047}, eissn = {2345-5055}, doi = {10.22038/ijp.2014.2761}, abstract = {Background Gelatin and chitosan are known as biodegradable and biocompatible biopolymers.These biopolymers have recently receivedincreasingly more attention for tissueengineering.The aim of this study was to evaluate the toxicity effects of gelatin-chitosan film on bone marrow stromal cell(BMSCs) culture in rat.                                                  Material & Methods: First, gelatin- chitosan composites film were prepared by solution mixing, followed by film casting of both biopolymers in glacial acetic acid.After two passage of BMSCs culture, the cells were cultured in four plate groups including: control plates have no any film,gelatinplates,chitosan plates and gelatin- chitosan plates.Theproliferation,differentiation,viability and apoptosis rates of BMSCs were studied duringthesecond,fourthand sixth days.The activity of superoxidedismutase(SOD),catalase(CAT)and  glutathione(GSH) and malondialdehyde(MDA) levels were determined by using biochemical methods. Results: The results showed that the mean BMSCs proliferation significantly reduced in chitosan group compared to control group (p<0.05),but in gelatin and gelatin- chitosan groups were similar to control group.Mean percentage of BMSCs apoptosis in all groups except chitosan group were similar to control group. Mean percentage of BMSCs viability at all groups was similar to control group except chitosan film. In addition, no significant changes were observed in CAT activity and GSH and MDA levels in comparison with control group.After72hours,SOD activity in gelatin-chitosan group was significantly reduced compared to other groups. No cell differentiation was detected in all groups. Conclusion: Results of proliferation, differentiation, apoptosis and antioxidantactivity in cultured BMSCs on a gelatin–chitosanfilm showed that gelatin-chitosanfilm can be used in tissue engineering and cell therapy as a good model of a biodegradable scaffold. Keywords: Antioxidant system, Bone Marrow Stromal Cells, Cell Proliferation andDifferentiation, Gelatin-Chitosan Film.}, keywords = {poster presentation}, url = {https://ijp.mums.ac.ir/article_2761.html}, eprint = {https://ijp.mums.ac.ir/article_2761_21981a9a0cb5b459edc2ad8c18467008.pdf} } @article { author = {Tavakolinejad, Sima and Hamidi Alamdari, Daryoush and Khajehahmadi, Saeedeh and Ebrahimzadeh Bidskan, Alireza}, title = {Histological Evidences after Platelet-Rich-Plasma and Adipose Drived Stem Cells Injection on Critical Size Cleft Palate}, journal = {International Journal of Pediatrics}, volume = {2}, number = {2.3}, pages = {88-88}, year = {2014}, publisher = {Mashhad University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {2345-5047}, eissn = {2345-5055}, doi = {10.22038/ijp.2014.2762}, abstract = {Background Cleft palate (CP) is a common congenital defect. It makes serious difficulties for cleft-affected children. The gold standard of care is autogenous bone grafting which may cause additional problems in donor site along with disappointing results. Tissue engineering is a promising solution for a widespread range of defects and disorders. It is reasonable to utilize this novel technology for CP management. Stem cells and growth factors play essential role in tissue engineering. Adipose tissue contains a population of stem cells that can be isolated and differentiated into various cell lines, including osteoblasts. In this study, the authors used human Adipose-derived stem cells(hADSCs) and osteogenically differentiated hADSCs along with platelet rich plasma(PRP), a source of growth factors, to repair rat palatal bone defects. Materials and Method: Palatal bone defects were surgically made in 56 female rats. Animals divided into 7 groups (n=8). Human adipose-derived stem cells were collected and incubated with Bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU) in order to labeling. The same was done to osteogenically differentiated hADSCs. Afterwards, the labeled cells were mixed either with PRP or Aminoplasmal and injected to the defect borders. Immunohistochemistry and morphometry analysis were performed 4weeks later. Results: Data showed a significant difference in cleft size between cell-injected and control groups while the cleft site fills with connective tissue rather than osseous tissue. Moreover, immunohistochemistry findings proved the presences of labeled cells in surrounding tissue. There is no significant difference between undifferentiated and osteogenically differentiated cells both in numerical area density of cells and defect size. Conclusion: This study revealed the feasibility of stem cell and PRP application according to CP reconstruction. Further investigation toward clinical application of tissue engineering in CP may eliminate bone harvesting and its negative consequences. Keywords:  Adipose Derived Stem Cells, Cell Therapy, Cleft Palate, Platelet-Rich-Plasma.  }, keywords = {poster presentation}, url = {https://ijp.mums.ac.ir/article_2762.html}, eprint = {https://ijp.mums.ac.ir/article_2762_0e18b9ab5413e7fe9c597181faa11f9f.pdf} } @article { author = {Seyedi, Zahra and Hosseinzadeh Colagar, Abasalt and Jaafari, Mohammad Reza and Hashemzadeh, Mohammad Reza}, title = {STAT3 as a Key Factor in Tumor Microenvironment and Cancer Stem Cell}, journal = {International Journal of Pediatrics}, volume = {2}, number = {2.3}, pages = {89-89}, year = {2014}, publisher = {Mashhad University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {2345-5047}, eissn = {2345-5055}, doi = {10.22038/ijp.2014.2763}, abstract = {Background Recent studies revealed that tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) play a decisive role in the regulation of tumor progression by manipulating tumor oncogenesis, angiogenesis and immune functions within tumor microenvironments. Signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3), which is a point of convergence for numerous oncogenic signalling pathways, is constitutively activated both in tumor cells and in immune cells in the tumor microenvironment. TAMs serve as the major components of niche microenvironments regulating cancer stem cell functions. Activation of the Stat3 in TAM caused to cancer stem cell-specific fashion trigger tumorigenesis and anticancer drug resistance in tumor. The main aim of this study is evaluation of stat3 gene expression in tumor microenvironment macrophages. Methods In this study, murine macrophage J774 A.1 cell line was used as a typical mouse macrophage for evaluation of stat3 gene expression in mRNA level. Culture condition followed by DMEM supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum. Total RNA was extracted and converted to cDNA. PCR was performed by stat3 primers and then gene expression was evaluated by gel electrophoresis. Beta-actin was used as an internal control. Results Gel electrophoresis data was shown stat3 expression in murine J774 A.1 macrophage cell line. Conclusion Previous studies have been shown the ablation of the Stat3 gene in Immune cells in the tumor microenvironment caused to cancer stem cell inactivation. As regards stat3 was expressed in J774 A.1 cell line thus it seems that this cell line can be used for knockdown studies in order to cancer stem cell inactivation. Key words: Cancer Stem Cell, M2 Macrophages,STAT3.}, keywords = {poster presentation}, url = {https://ijp.mums.ac.ir/article_2763.html}, eprint = {https://ijp.mums.ac.ir/article_2763_f0af6bbfcd06f73925193338235244c3.pdf} } @article { author = {Hasanzadeh, E and Amoabediny, GH and Haghighipour, N and Amirzadeh, N and Mohammadnejad, J and Gholami, N}, title = {Investigation of FLK-1 Gene Expression in Differentiated Mesenchymal Stem Cells, Exposed to Chemical, Mechanical and Chemical-mechanical Factors, in order to Study the Differentiation and its Stability}, journal = {International Journal of Pediatrics}, volume = {2}, number = {2.3}, pages = {90-90}, year = {2014}, publisher = {Mashhad University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {2345-5047}, eissn = {2345-5055}, doi = {10.22038/ijp.2014.2764}, abstract = {Background: Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are multipotent cells, capable of differentiating into different cell lines.They can sense their surrounding biochemical and biophysical factors, which play major roles in their differentiation toward different phenotypes. Therefore, the exposure of these cells to endothelial growth factor (VEGF) as well as hemodynamic biomechanical forces, which act on endothelial cells in vivo, may direct MSCs toward vascular covering endothelial cells. The aim of this study, is to investigate the effects of chemical, mechanical and chemical-mechanical factors on the differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells and to examine the stability of this in vitro differentiation. Materials and Method: Human Subcutaneous adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells were cultured in DMEM containing 20% FBS. They were characterized in passage 2, using flow cytometery technique and then were used in experiments. Mesenchymal stem cells were cultured in tubular silicone scaffolds, and then exposed to endothelial growth factor (VEGE), shear stress or combination of these two signals. In order to examine the differentiation, the expression level of FLK-1, as an endothelial specific gene, was studied. For studying the stability of this differentiation, FLK-1 mRNA levels were quantified using Real-Time PCR, upon completion of experiments, as well as on the 5thand 10th days after the tests. Results: According to the results of Real-Time PCR, immediately upon the completion of tests, mRNA level of FLK-1 was higher in the mechanical group (5.44), compared to the chemical (1.18) and chemical-mechanical (2.65) ones. On the 5th and 10th days after the experiments, FLK-1 expression levels were higher in chemical-mechanical group (6.34 and 7.56 respectively), compared to the chemical (2.18 and 0.99, respectively), and mechanical (2.96 and 3.92, respectively) ones. Conclusion: The findings of this study demonstrate that not only FLK-1 gene expression is stable over time, but also cells exposed to the chemical and mechanical cues, simultaneously, show the highest expression of this gene. The increase in FLK-1 expression over time implies the enhanced compatibility of differentiated cells with each other and their surrounding environment, which may be probably due to the higher sensitivity of FLK-1 gene expression to the combination of chemical and mechanical signals.   Keywords: Differentiation, Shear stress, Stem cell, Stability, VEGF.}, keywords = {poster presentation}, url = {https://ijp.mums.ac.ir/article_2764.html}, eprint = {https://ijp.mums.ac.ir/article_2764_20cb9fc72ff4f38bc41246b2fe212806.pdf} } @article { author = {Nazari, Fatemeh and Parham, Abbas and Fani Maleki, Adham}, title = {Evaluation of β-actin as a Reference Gene for Comparative Expression Analysis of Equine Adipose- and Bone Marrow-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells by qRT-PCR}, journal = {International Journal of Pediatrics}, volume = {2}, number = {2.3}, pages = {91-91}, year = {2014}, publisher = {Mashhad University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {2345-5047}, eissn = {2345-5055}, doi = {10.22038/ijp.2014.2765}, abstract = {Background Bone marrow and adipose tissue are two main sources of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). Some of studies suggest that there are some differences in gene expression profile of MSCs-derived from various tissues. To investigate gene expression profile by qRT-PCR, an appropriate reference gene with stable expression level should be chosen for normalizing data.  This study was designed to evaluate the stability of β-actin expression as a reference gene for studying comparative gene expression analysis of equine adipose- and marrow-derived MSCs. Materials and Method: MSCs were isolated from adipose tissue and bone marrow of two mares and cultured until passage 3 (P3). Total RNA of P3 cells was extracted and purity and quantity of RNA was assessed. cDNA was synthesized and qRT-PCR was performed in triplicate with β-actin primers. Results: Our analyses indicated that expression level of β-actin gene is different between adipose- and marrow-derived MSCs significantly. Mean ± SD of Ct was 21.13 ± 0.96 and 16.02 ± 0.88   for bone marrow- and adipose derived MSCs, respectively. Conclusion: Based on the results, it is suggested that β-actin is not a suitable gene for comparative gene expression analyses of equine adipose- and marrow- derived MSCs. Keywords: Adipose, Bone marrow, Equine, β-actin, Mesenchymal stem cells.  }, keywords = {poster presentation}, url = {https://ijp.mums.ac.ir/article_2765.html}, eprint = {https://ijp.mums.ac.ir/article_2765_838d8340c25978aab908733f1a9a5389.pdf} } @article { author = {Gholami, N and Amoabediny, GH and Haghighipour, N and Amirzadeh, N and Mohammadnejad, J and Hasanzadeh, E}, title = {Effect of Purification of Human Adipose-derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells on the Expression of vWF Cell Factor Under Chemical and Mechanical Conditions}, journal = {International Journal of Pediatrics}, volume = {2}, number = {2.3}, pages = {92-92}, year = {2014}, publisher = {Mashhad University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {2345-5047}, eissn = {2345-5055}, doi = {10.22038/ijp.2014.2806}, abstract = {Introduction: Human adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hADSCs) are easily accessible in the body, and under appropriate conditions, they can be directed toward various phenotypes. Therefore, hADSCs have been considered as a potential cell source for tissue engineering applications. hADSCs are able to differentiate into endothelial cells which covers the interior surface of vessels, in vivo. CD271 is a surface marker for hADSCs and hADSCs purified based on this marker (ADSCs-CD271+) are more capable of differentiating into various cells such as endothelial cells. In the present work, ADSCs-CD271+ were exposed to endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in vitro, and using a perfusion bioreactor, the effect of shear stress (a mechanical signal that is naturally produced by blood flowing ), on their differentiation into endothelial cells was investigated.       Materials and Method: hADSCs were isolated from fat tissue and cultured in DMEM containing 10% FBS. Then they were characterized in passage 2, using flow cytometery technique. CD271expression level was examined and flow cytometry using antibodies was used to separate ADSCs-CD271+ from (p2) ADSCs. ADSCs-CD271+ were cultured and characterized and their expression level was examined. ADSCs and ADSCs-CD271+ in passage 3 were infused into 2 mm-diameter-silicone tubes coated with collagen I. The four experimental groups included control group (cells exposed to DMEM + 10% FBS, for 7 days), chemical group (cells exposed to differentiation medium containing DMEM, 3% FBS and 50 ng/ml of VEGF, for 7 days), mechanical group (cells were in a designed perfusion bioreactor, under application of 4 dyn/cm2 of shear stress for 24 hours) as well as chemical- mechanical group. Real-Time PCR was used to quantify the expression level of vWF (the factor specifying endothelial cells) in the experimental groups. Results: in the current work, ADSCs showed 1% of CD271 marker, which was increased to 52% after purification. Evaluation of surface markers using flow cytometry confirmed the mesenchymal characteristics of both cell groups. According to the results from Real-time PCR, the chemical-mechanical group, the mechanical group and then the chemical group (in both purified and unpurified cells) showed the highest expression of vWF, respectively. The expression of vWF was generally higher in ADSCs-CD271+ groups compared ADSCs ones. Conclusion: The findings of this study imply that MSCs purification as well as combining the chemical and mechanical factors can improve vWF expression.   Keywords: Adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cell, CD271,Differentiation, VEGF, shear stress, vWF gene.}, keywords = {poster presentation}, url = {https://ijp.mums.ac.ir/article_2806.html}, eprint = {https://ijp.mums.ac.ir/article_2806_2fd4b330b1f74113fc6548be4a2e78ed.pdf} } @article { author = {Hasanzadeh-Moghadam, Maryam and Edalatmanesh Mohamad, Amin and Haddad Mashhadrizeh, Ali Akbar}, title = {Comparative Analysis of Expression of Chemokoine Receptors CXCR4, CXCR6, CCR1 and CX3CR in Human Adipose-Drived Mesenchymal Stem Cell with Valproic Acid}, journal = {International Journal of Pediatrics}, volume = {2}, number = {2.3}, pages = {93-93}, year = {2014}, publisher = {Mashhad University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {2345-5047}, eissn = {2345-5055}, doi = {10.22038/ijp.2014.2807}, abstract = {Introduction: Chemokine receptors are found on the surface of stem cells. There have been 19 distinct chemokine receptors described in mammals. Chemokines are major players in migration and homing. Therefore, changes in their levels or function can help us to increase the migratory potential of these cells. Valproic acid differs in structure from other drugs in common use. The way in which Valproic acid works, however, has not been fully understood. This study investigated whether treatment of MSCs with VPA would enhance the expression of chemokine receptors involved in migration and homing of mesenchymal stem cell.   Materials and Method : In this study, we isolated MSCs from adipose tissue of healthy donors. Then, we studied their characteristic functions. MSCs were isolated from heterogeneous cell populations. After 4 passages in culture, the medium was primed with VPA 5 mM for 24, 48 and 72 h. Detailed gene expression profiles were investigated using a RNA extraction and subsequently a reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) analysis for cDNA synthesis. PCR was used to detect gene expression in MSC treated and those non-treated with VPA.   Results: The CXCR4 expression was observed in the VPA-treated group and control group at mRNA and protein levels, but expression of the other chemokine receptors was not observed. Results showed that treatment with VPA did not promote other chemokine receptor expressions in human Adipose derived mesenchymal stem cell.   Conclusion: In this study, we lended that VPA treatment could only increase the level of CXCR4 gene expression. Using another concentration and/or different intervals might lead to an increased expression of the other chemokine receptors. Furthermore, CXCR4 gene can increase the migratory potential of these cells for stem cell therapy.   Keywords: Chemokine receptors, Mesenchymal stem cell, Valproic acid.  }, keywords = {poster presentation}, url = {https://ijp.mums.ac.ir/article_2807.html}, eprint = {https://ijp.mums.ac.ir/article_2807_e073a81d4c2cb47b39acf8945896a3a3.pdf} }