eng
Mashhad University of Medical Sciences
International Journal of Pediatrics
2345-5047
2345-5055
2017-11-01
5
11
5975
5984
10.22038/ijp.2017.25554.2173
9154
Health Related Quality of Life and Weight Self-Efficacy of Life Style among Normal-Weight, Overweight and Obese Iranian Adolescents: A Case Control Study
Seyedeh Fatemeh Miri
fmiri.nut@gmail.com
1
Maryam Javadi
mz_javadi46@yahoo.com
2
Chung-Ying Lin
cylin36933@gmail.com
3
Khadijeh Irandoost
amir.pakpour@gmail.com
4
Arezoo Rezazadeh
arezoo.rezazadeh@gmail.com
5
Amir Pakpour
pakpour_amir@yahoo.com
6
Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran.
Children Growth Research Center, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran.
Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, Faculty of Health and Social Sciences, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Hong Kong.
Department of Physical Education, Imam Khomeini International University: Qazvin 34149-16818, Iran.
5Department of Community Nutrition, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Faculty of Nutrition and Food Technology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IR Iran.
Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran.
Background: Identifying and investigating the factors influencing self-efficacy and eventually health related quality of life (HRQoL) can be an important step toward the prevention and treatment of the obesity. The aim of the study was to compare weight self-efficacy and HRQoL among normal-weight, overweight and obese Iranian adolescents. Materials and Methods In this case-control study, 118 obese and overweight adolescents (case group) and 118 adolescents with normal weight (control group) were recruited. Adolescent's anthropometric characteristics were measured. The Weight Efficacy Lifestyle Questionnaire (WEL), pediatric quality of life inventory (PedsQLTM 4.0) and self-reported physical activity were completed by the adolescents. Results: Multivariate logistic regression adjusting for various confounders indicated that overweight and obese adolescents were less likely to be physically active (adjusted odds ratio, AOR= 0.66; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.48 to 0.911), had lower ability to cope with social pressure (AOR= 0.54; 95% CI, 0.32 to 0.93), involved in less positive activities (AOR= 0.53; 95% CI, 0.37 to 0.75), and felt more negative emotions (AOR= 0.23; 95% CI, 0.14 to 0.36) than their normal-weight counterparts. Moreover, obese and overweight adolescents were more likely to report deteriorated quality of life in all PedsQL subscales than those with normal weight P<0.05). The results of the mediation analysis indicated that negative emotions mediated the relationship between adolescents’ weight status and HRQoL (Z =-5.79, P<0.001). Conclusion: Weight management programs should focus on increasing adolescent’s control on situations related to negative emotions to improve their HRQoL.
https://ijp.mums.ac.ir/article_9154_56cf83508a91bd1715d78a02acfd1793.pdf
Adolescent
Emotions
Obesity
Quality of life
Self-efficacy
eng
Mashhad University of Medical Sciences
International Journal of Pediatrics
2345-5047
2345-5055
2017-11-01
5
11
5985
5998
10.22038/ijp.2017.25702.2187
9167
Effects of Companionship in Training Sessions on Primiparous Women’s Knowledge, Attitude and Performance toward Breastfeeding
Elaheh Seddighi
es22420@yahoo.com
1
Abdurrahman Charkazi
rcharkazi@yahoo.com
2
Hossein Shahnazi
h_shahnazi@yahoo.com
3
Behzad Mahaki
behzad.mahaki@gmail.com
4
Department of Health Education and Promotion, School of Health, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
Environmental Health Research Center, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran.
Department of Health Education and Promotion, School of Health, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Health, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
Background The present study aimed to explore effects of companionship in training sessions on primiparous women’s knowledge, attitude and performance toward breastfeeding. Materials and Methods: In this case- control interventional study, 105 primiparous women in the 30th to 34th weeks of pregnancy were selected and assigned to three groups, namely the intervention group without a companion (n=35), the intervention group with a companion (n=35), and the comparison group (n=35). Data gathering tools was a questionnaire and breastfeeding observational checklist. The control group received routine training in the hospital, but the other groups were trained by the researcher in four 90-minute sessions. Data were collected before and after the education, immediately after childbirth, and four and eight weeks after childbirth and analyzed using SPSS(version 20.0) software and appropriate statistical tests. Results: No significant difference was observed in terms of demographic variables such as: maternal and paternal educational level and occupation status between control and intervention groups (P>0.05). There was a significant difference between the mean scores of knowledge and attitude toward breastfeeding in the two intervention groups before and after the educational intervention, right after child birth, 4 weeks and 8 weeks after child birth (P < 0.001). There was also a significant difference between the three groups in the mean score of performance of breastfeeding right after, 4, and 8 weeks after childbirth (P < 0.001). Conclusion: According to results of this study, education during pregnancy and support from the accompanying person, before and after childbirth expand knowledge of breastfeeding, reinforce attitude toward it, and boost its performance.
https://ijp.mums.ac.ir/article_9167_594b24d80aae29239e956b2ebc0dec59.pdf
Attitude
Breastfeeding
Education
Knowledge
Performance
Primipara
eng
Mashhad University of Medical Sciences
International Journal of Pediatrics
2345-5047
2345-5055
2017-11-01
5
11
5999
6008
10.22038/ijp.2017.25624.2181
9215
Shiga Toxigenic Escherichia Coli Antimicrobial Resistance Properties in Diabetic and Nondiabetic Pediatric Patients; A Case-Control Study
Mohamad Reza Mohammadi-Sardo
dr.mr.mohamadi@gmail.com
1
Soheil Salehi
ss.soheil.salehi@gmail.com
2
Sahar Mirbaha
dr.saharmirbaha@gmail.com
3
Atefeh Abdollahi
draa80@gmail.com
4
Department of Pediatrics, Imam Khomeini Hospital, Jiroft University of Medical Sciences, Jiroft, Iran.
Department of Emergency Medicine, Imam Khomeini Hospital, Jiroft University of Medical Sciences, Jiroft, Iran.
Department of Emergency Medicine, Imam hossein Hospital, Shaihd Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Department of Emergency Medicine, Sina Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Background Resistant Shiga toxigenic Escherichia coli (STEC), is the most prevalent source of diarrhea in pediatrics. This study was conducted to investigate the antimicrobial resistance properties of STEC strains of diabetic and non-diabetic pediatrics with diarrhea. Materials and Methods: This was a case-control study conducted from December 2014 to September 2015 in an educational hospital, Jiroft city, Iran. Diarrheic stool samples were collected from diabetic (n= 385) and non-diabetic (n= 300) pediatrics. The samples were cultured and the STEC strains were tested by disk diffusion and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification were applied for detecting antibiotic resistance genes. Results Sampling was performed from 685 patients (51.8% male). Total prevalence of STEC strains in diabetic and non-diabetic pediatrics were 6.5% and 3.0%, respectively (P = 0.007). Prevalence of the gens that encode resistance against ampicillin (CITM), fluoroquinolone (qnr), trimethoprim (dfrA1), tetracycline (tetA), gentamicin [aac(3)-IV] and sulfonamide (sul1) were 97.1%, 64.7%, 61.8%, 58.8%, 58.3% and 52.9%, respectively. Non-diabetic pediatrics harbored the lower prevalence of antibiotic resistance genes (P = 0.034). Conclusion High numbers of STEC, especially O157 strains, showed a multidrug-resistance against ampicillin, ciprofloxacin, gentamycin, sulfamethoxazole, and tetracycline. CITM, qnr, dfrA1, tetA, [aac(3)-IV] and sul1 antibiotic resistance genes were identified in the STEC strains of diarrheic samples of diabetic and non-diabetic pediatric patients.
https://ijp.mums.ac.ir/article_9215_ebdf114c2ae9a0bc070cd9e411b9f2fa.pdf
Antimicrobial resistance properties
Diabetes
Diarrhea
Pediatrics
Shiga toxin producing Escherichia coli
eng
Mashhad University of Medical Sciences
International Journal of Pediatrics
2345-5047
2345-5055
2017-11-01
5
11
6009
6015
10.22038/ijp.2017.25938.2208
9278
Comparison of the Umbilical Cord Bacterial Colonization in Newborn Infants Rooming in with Mothers and Neonates Admitted to Neonatal Intensive Care Unit
Mohammad Forozeshfard
mff45@yahoo.com
1
Raheb Ghorbani
r_ghorbani@semums.ac.ir
2
Mohammadreza Razavi
mrerazavi@yahoo.com
3
Navid Danaie
drdanai@gmail.com
4
Shamsollah Nooripour
are20935@gmail.com
5
Cancer Research Center, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran.
Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran.
Nursing Care Research Center, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran.
Department of Pediatric, Amir al-Momenin Hospital, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran.
Department of Pediatric, Amir al-Momenin Hospital, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran.
Background Bacterial colonization during and shortly after birth are common in newborn infants. The aim of this study was to determine the umbilical cord bacterial colonization in newborn infants rooming in with mothers and neonates admitted to neonatal intensive care unit (NICU). Materials and Methods In a cross-sectional study, 180 newborn infants were studied in three groups including: newborn infants born via normal delivery and stayed with their mothers (n=60), newborn infants born by cesarean section and stayed with their mothers (n=60), and newborn infants admitted in NICU (n=60). Umbilical cord care was done as natural drying without use of any disinfectant or local antibiotic for all newborn infants. Bacterial culture was performed on the second day in three groups and in days of 5-7 only among the infants admitted in NICU. Results Among the subjects, 50% (n=90) were boy and 50% (n=90) were the first-time mothers. Normal gestational age (38 to 42 weeks) was seen in 67.2% (n=121) of subjects. Three groups had no significant differences in terms of gender (p=0.247), and first-time mothers (p=0.344), but had a significant difference in terms of gestational age (p=0.001). Staphylococcus aureus was the most common bacteria responsible for the colonization in the first culture (n=31, 17.22%), and second culture (n=17, 13.5%). Bacterial colonization was more common in newborn infants who were born by cesarean section and stayed with their mothers compared to the other groups (p<0.001). Conclusion According to the study, bacterial colonization was common in newborn infants who were born by cesarean section and stayed with their mothers and Staphylococcus aureus had an important role in this colonization. Future study is recommended to confirm our results.
https://ijp.mums.ac.ir/article_9278_aec0bb6ecca2b5cc4a1082d2d0caf2c0.pdf
Cesarean section
Colonization
Delivery
Infants
Umbilical cord
eng
Mashhad University of Medical Sciences
International Journal of Pediatrics
2345-5047
2345-5055
2017-11-01
5
11
6017
6029
10.22038/ijp.2017.25144.2130
9255
Application of Health Belief Model in Prevention of Osteoporosis among Primary School Girl Students
Ali Khani Jeihooni
khaniu_1572@yahoo.com
1
Alireza Askari
2
Seyyed Mansour Kashfi
seyyedmansourkashfi@yahoo.com
3
Zahra Khiyali
zahrakhiyali@yahoo.com
4
Seyyed Hannan Kashfi
seyyed.kashfi@yahoo.com
5
Omid Safari
omidsafari@yahoo.com
6
Babak Rastegarimehr
babakrastegarimehr@yahoo.com
7
Morteza Mansourian
mansourian55@gmail.com
8
Department of Public Health, School of Health, Fasa University of Medical Sciences, Fasa, Iran.
Department of Orthopedics, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
Department of Public Health, School of Health, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
Department of Public Health, School of Health, Fasa University of Medical Sciences, Fasa, Iran.
Department of nursing, Larestan School of nursing, Larestan University of Medical sciences, larestan, Iran
Departments of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran.
MSc, Abadan School of Medical Sciences, Abadan, Iran.
Health Management and Economics Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran AND Department of Health Education and Promotion, School of Health, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Background: Osteoporosis is the most common metabolic bone disease. Prevention of osteoporosis during childhood and adolescence is an important issue in World Health Organization. The purpose of this study was to investigate application of health belief model in prevention of osteoporosis among primary school girl students, in Fasa city, Fars Province, Iran. Materials and Methods: In this quasi-experimental study, 140 primary school girl students who were randomly divided into groups, experimental (n=70) and control (n=70) in Fasa city, Fars Province, Iran, were selected in 2015. A questionnaire consisting of demographic information, Health Belief Model (HBM) constructs was used to measure nutrition and walking performance for prevention of osteoporosis before, immediately after intervention and four months later. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 19.0 software. Results: The mean age of students was 11.45±1.13 and 11.25±1.60 years old in the Experimental and the control group, respectively. Immediately and Four months after the intervention, the mean scores of the HBM components (Perceived susceptibility, Perceived severity, Perceived benefits, Perceived barriers, Self-efficacy, Internal cues to action), and nutritional and walking performance in experimental group was better than the control group (P<0.001). Conclusion: The findings of the present study confirmed the practicability and effectiveness of the Health Belief Model based educational program in promoting behaviors about prevention of osteoporosis. Hence, these models can act as a framework for designing and implementing educational interventions for the osteoporosis prevention.
https://ijp.mums.ac.ir/article_9255_dcef06ccc4906a4393adb7a0091a486b.pdf
Health belief model
Prevention
Osteoporosis
Students
Nutritional Status
eng
Mashhad University of Medical Sciences
International Journal of Pediatrics
2345-5047
2345-5055
2017-11-01
5
11
6031
6040
10.22038/ijp.2017.26012.2219
9309
Diagnostic Value of Technetium-99m-Dimercaptosuccinic Acid Scintigraphy in Prediction of Vesicoureteral Reflux in Children with First-time Febrile Urinary Tract Infection
Fatemeh Ataei
ataei_f@yahoo.com
1
Isa Neshandar Asli
neshandarasli@sbmu.ac.ir
2
Masoumeh Mohkam
mmohkam@sbmu.ac.ir
3
Samaneh Hosseinzadeh
hosseinzadeh_s@sbmu.ac.ir
4
Neamatollah Ataei
neamatollahataei110@gmail.com
5
Alireza Ghavi
a_ghavi@tums.ac.ir
6
Mahmoud Yousefifard
yousefifard.m@iums.ac.ir
7
Alireza Oraii
alirezaoraii@gmail.com
8
Mostafa Hosseini
mhossein110@yahoo.com
9
Department of Nuclear Medicine, Taleghani Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Department of Nuclear Medicine, Taleghani Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Department of Pediatric Nephrology, Pediatric Infectious Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Department of Nuclear Medicine, Labbafinejad Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Pediatric Chronic Kidney Disease Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran AND Department of Pediatric Nephrology, Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Pediatric Chronic Kidney Disease Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Physiology Research Center and Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Background: Imaging modalities such as voiding cystourethrography (VCUG), direct radionuclide cystography (DRNC), and renal cortical scintigraphy (RCS) with technetium-99m dimercaptosuccinic acid (Tc-99mDMSA), are helpful in detecting possible abnormalities of urinary tract such as vesicoureteral reflux (VUR). However, there are confounding data regarding the preference of these modalities. In the present study, we aimed to assess the role of Tc-99mDMSA scan in prediction of possible VUR and the subsequent need for VCUG or DRNC. Materials and Methods: Three hundred fifty seven children under 14 years old with first-time febrile urinary tract infection (UTI) who were admitted between April 2004 and February 2017 were enrolled. Data regarding to VCUG or DRNC in order to evaluate the presence of possible VUR were recorded. Finally, accuracy of Tc-99mDMSA scans in prediction of VUR were assessed. Results: Analyses showed a sensitivity and specificity of 95.65% and 14.72%, respectively for Tc-99mDMSA scan in detection of VUR. Patients with mild renal involvement in Tc-99mDMSA scans had a 3.5-fold greater risk of having VUR than those with a normal scans (odds ratio=3.5; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.4-8.58; p=0.007). In addition, the risk of VUR is up to 7.0-fold greater in children with moderate renal involvement (odds ratio=7.0; 95% CI: 2.6-13.2; p<0.0001) and up to 9.2-fold greater in children with severe renal involvement (odds ratio=9.2; 95% CI: 3.2-17.3; p=0.007) in the Tc-99mDMSA scans compared to those with a normal scans. Conclusion: According to the results, Tc-99mDMSA scan can be used as a screening test in prediction of VUR in infants and children with first- time febrile UTI.
https://ijp.mums.ac.ir/article_9309_d892c7065ba8c457566cf4a12394dfb1.pdf
Children
Technetium-99m dimercaptosuccinic acid Scan
Vesicoureteral reflux
Urinary tract infection
eng
Mashhad University of Medical Sciences
International Journal of Pediatrics
2345-5047
2345-5055
2017-11-01
5
11
6041
6046
10.22038/ijp.2017.24155.2048
8886
A 13.5- Year Old Boy with Abdominal Pain and Weight Loss and Chronic Intussusception
Mehrzad Mehdizadeh
mehrzadmehdizadeh@yahoo.com
1
Sara Memarian
s_memarian@yahoo.com
2
Rahman Khosravi
khosravirahman@yahoo.com
3
Farzaneh Motamed
dr_f_motamed@yahoo.com
4
Parisa Rahmani
parisarahmani59@gmail.com
5
Maryam Saidi
m_saidi52@yahoo.com
6
Reihaneh Mohsenipour
rmohsenipour@yahoo.com
7
Hosein Alimadadi
hoseinalimadadi@yahoo.com
8
Behdad Gharib
behdad_gharib@yahoo.co.uk
9
Children’s Medical Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Children’s Medical Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Children’s Medical Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Children’s Medical Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Children’s Medical Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Children’s Medical Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Children’s Medical Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Children’s Medical Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Children’s Medical Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
We present a 13.5 year old boy with chronic intussusception that was misdiagnosed as Crohn disease and received treatment for the wrong diagnosis. Because his condition didn’t improve, more work-ups were performed and the radiologic work-ups revealed the diagnosis of a missed intussusception with fistula.We suggest that prolonged intussusception should be considered in the list of differential diagnosis for the refractory abdominal pain and distention, bloody diarrhea, and radiologist consultancy should be requested, as Crohn disease, infectious gastroenteritis, abdominal malignancies and prolonged intussusception should be carefully investigated and considered in such situations.
https://ijp.mums.ac.ir/article_8886_4e541fbcf8ef62fa8815fd067ff4f9a9.pdf
Crohn disease
Intussusception
Burkitt lymphoma
eng
Mashhad University of Medical Sciences
International Journal of Pediatrics
2345-5047
2345-5055
2017-11-01
5
11
6047
6048
10.22038/ijp.2017.25979.2213
9296
Prevalence and Causes of Neonatal Mortality in Hormozgan Province, Southern Iran
Mojdeh Banaei
mojdeh.banaei@gmail.com
1
Azam Moridi
azammoridi@yahoo.com
2
Asiyeh Pormehr-Yabandeh
asipormehr@yahoo.com
3
Nasibeh Roozbeh
nasibe62@yahoo.com
4
Soheila Moradi
mojdeh.banaei@yahoo.com
5
Shirin Soltani
najva.mb@gmail.com
6
Faculty Member of Midwifery, Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Mother and Child Welfare Research Center, Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Bandar Abbas, Iran.
Faculty Member of Midwifery, Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Mother and Child Welfare Research Center, Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Bandar Abbas, Iran.
Faculty Member of Midwifery, Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Mother and Child Welfare Research Center, Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Bandar Abbas, Iran.
PhD of Reproductive Health, Mother and Child Welfare Research Center, Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Bandar Abbas, Iran.
Mother and Child Welfare Research Center, Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Bandar Abbas, Iran.
Mother and Child Welfare Research Center, Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Bandar Abbas, Iran.
Infant health care should be one of the first and most important tasks of every nation and one of the main programs of any government, because children, as a vulnerable group, have a special place in health services . Based on the findings, the number of live births in 2014 and 2015 was 39627 and 41575, respectively. The number of neonatal deaths in 2014 was 12.5%̧ while it was 10.5% in 2015. The most common causes of neonatal mortality in 2014 and 2015 were respectively premature birth defects, congenital anomalies, and respiratory infections, which were similar to previous years. it is necessary to identify the preventable factors in neonatal mortality and design the necessary interventions to reduce infant mortality.
https://ijp.mums.ac.ir/article_9296_23c3142d61fcf495d10d1a7983db207e.pdf
Children
Iran
Mortality Rate Neonate
Prevalence
eng
Mashhad University of Medical Sciences
International Journal of Pediatrics
2345-5047
2345-5055
2017-11-01
5
11
6049
6055
10.22038/ijp.2017.24949.2109
9261
Lingual Thyroid: A Case Report and Literature Review
Somayeh Hashemian
hashemians951@mums.ac.ir
1
Peyman Eshraqhi
eshraghip@mums.ac.ir
2
Rahim Vakili
vakilir@mums.ac.ir
3
Mahdi Behnam
behnamsums84@gmail.com
4
Department of Pediatric Endocrinology and Metabolism, Imam Reza Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
Department of Pediatric Endocrinology and Metabolism, Imam Reza Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
Department of Pediatric Endocrinology and Metabolism, Imam Reza Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran AND Medical Genetic Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
Department of Pediatric Endocrinology and Metabolism, Imam Reza Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
Thyroid ectopia is a dysgenesis of thyroid gland and Lingual position represents the most frequent ectopic location accounting up to 90% of ectopic cases. Hypothyroidism is commonly present because of absence of a normal thyroid gland in most instances. Primary hypothyroidism in juvenile population generally leads to retardation of linear growth and delay or even arrested puberty. We present a 20 years old female with typical and profound presentation of hypothyroidism due to lingual thyroid.
https://ijp.mums.ac.ir/article_9261_26187ebde8a0769ef97416cc72c099dc.pdf
Ectopic thyroid
Hypothyroidism
Lingual thyroid
Thyroid dysgenesis
eng
Mashhad University of Medical Sciences
International Journal of Pediatrics
2345-5047
2345-5055
2017-11-01
5
11
6057
6067
10.22038/ijp.2017.24040.2044
8887
Application of Theory of Planned Behavior to Improve Obesity-Preventive Lifestyle among Students: A School-based Interventional Study
Alireza Didarloo
didarloo_a@yahoo.com
1
Naser Sharafkhani
naser90sh@yahoo.com
2
Rasool Gharaaghaji
h_shahnazi@yahoo.com
3
Siamak Sheikhi
s.sheikhi@umsu.ac.ir
4
Associate professor, Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Department of Public Health, School of Health, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
PhD Student, Department of Health Education and Promotion, School of Health, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
Associate Professor, Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, School of Medicine, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
Associate Professor Of Psychology, Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine,Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran.
Background: Obesity is regarded as the epidemic of diseases correlated with an unhealthy lifestyle. The avoidance of inactivity could prevent obesity and its relevant issues. The present study aimed to explore the effectiveness of the theory of planned behavior (TPB) to improve obesity-preventive lifestyle among Iranian students. Materials and Methods: The current study was a quasi-experimental study. Using multistage sampling, 100 Junior High-school students in Khoy, Iran in 2016 were selected and assigned to two groups, namely intervention (n=50) and control (n=50). To collect the study data, researchers utilized a researcher-made questionnaire including items about demographic information and TPB constructs such as attitudes, subjective norms, perceived behavioral control (PBC), behavioral intention, and behaviors related to physical activities, television watching, and computer-game playing. The data were analyzed using SPSS software version 20.0. Results: The mean age of the intervention group was 13.88 ± 0.79 and that of the control group was 14.12 ± 0.77 years. Prior to the intervention, there was no significant difference between the two groups in the mean of the scores of both the TPB constructs and their health performances. However, three months after the intervention, the mean score of attitudes, subjective norms, perceived behavioral control and behavior of students changed, and all these changes were statistically significant between two groups (p<0.05). Conclusion: The results of the study showed that the TPB could be an appropriate theoretical basis for designing and evaluating interventions to encourage people to avoid a sedentary lifestyle and inactivity.
https://ijp.mums.ac.ir/article_8887_5ed8684ccba2701972202ed96446d836.pdf
theory of planned behavior
Obesity Preventive Lifestyle
School-based Intervention
eng
Mashhad University of Medical Sciences
International Journal of Pediatrics
2345-5047
2345-5055
2017-11-01
5
11
6069
6076
10.22038/ijp.2017.26022.2221
9304
Effective Factors of INSURE Method Failure in Treatment of Respiratory Distress Syndrome in Preterm Infants
Navid Danaie
drdanai@gmail.com
1
Marzieh Seddigh
marziehseddigh47@semums.ac.ir
2
Raheb Ghorbani
r_ghorbani@semums.ac.ir
3
Shamsollah Nooripour
are20935@gmail.com
4
Department of Pediatric, School of Medicine, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran.
Student Research Committee, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran.
Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran.
Department of Pediatric, School of Medicine, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran.
Background INtubate-SURfactant-Extubate (INSURE) method is one of the effective methods in treatment of infants with respiratory distress syndrome (RDS). This study was performed to predict risk factors for the failure of INSURE method in treatment of RDS in preterm infants. Materials and Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 192 infants who born between July 2011 and April 2016 at women and children's hospital of Amiralmoemenin in Semnan, Iran, were included to the study. Inclusion criteria were infants with moderate to severe RDS, 26 to 38 gestational weeks and weighted 500 to 3,500 grams. All patients were treated with INSURE method, then were divided to success and failure INSURE. Severity of RDS was determined by RDS scoring system. The collected data including gender status, gestational age (GA), birth weight (BW), maternal diabetes mellitus, delivery type and neonatal morbidity (including intraventricular haemorrhage (IVH), Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) stage 1, sepsis, chronic lung disease (CLD), pneumothorax, and pulmonary bleeding. Statistical analysis was done using SPSS software, version 22.0. Results: Of the 192 patients, 82 (42.7%) infants were females. The mean GA and BW were 30.25 ± 1.85 weeks and 1950 ± 270 grams, respectively. Of all the patients, 156 infants (81.25%) were born via cesarean section. INSURE failure was observed in 79 infants (41.1 %) and INSURE success was observed in 113 (58.9%). Among the factors, INSURE method failure had a significant relationship with GA, BW, RDS severity and increased probability of IVH, CLD, pneumothorax and pulmonary bleeding (p<0.05). Based on logistic regression analysis, there was a significant relationship between the failure of INSURE method and RDS severity (odds ratio [OR]= 6.31, 95% 95%CI [CI]= 2.07-19.19, P=0.001), and GA OR=0.78, 95% CI= 0.67-0.91, P=0.001). Conclusion According to the finding, among the risk factors, only higher severity of RDS and GA were able to predict INSURE method failure in treatment of RDS in preterm infants. Additional studies are recommended in this regard.
https://ijp.mums.ac.ir/article_9304_5903d1c7008b88bc4944bdc74a9b14b4.pdf
Infants
INSURE method
Gestational Age
respiratory distress syndrome
eng
Mashhad University of Medical Sciences
International Journal of Pediatrics
2345-5047
2345-5055
2017-11-01
5
11
6077
6094
10.22038/ijp.2017.24951.2110
9220
Diagnostic Value of NT-pro BNP Biomarker and Echocardiography in Cardiac Involvements in Beta-thalassemia Patients
Noor Mohammad Noori
dr_noori_cardiac@yahoo.com
1
Alireza Teimouri
alirezateimouri260@gmail.com
2
Maryam Nakhaey Moghaddam
maryamnakhaey@yahoo.com
3
Children and Adolescent Health Research Center, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran.
Children and Adolescent Health Research Center, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran.
Children and Adolescent Health Research Center, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran.
Background N-terminal pro–B-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) is a marker to evaluate the cardiac involvement in thalassemia. We aimed to evaluate conventional and tissue Doppler echocardiography findings and its relation to plasma NT-pro BNP, Ferritin and Iron levels in beta-thalassemia patients. Materials and Methods This study performed on 164 participants equal of major beta- thalassemia patients (n=82), and controls (82 healthy children with normal cardiovascular status). The patients collected from outpatients after applied exclusion criteria. Blood samples were taken from participants in fasting to measure NT- pro BNP, Ferritin and Iron serum. Participants were under echocardiography by Pediatric cardiologist. The level of error considered as 0.05 for data analysis by SPSS version 20.0. Results NT- pro BNP, Iron, Ferritin, left S', left A', right A', EF, FS, left and right A/A'; right and left MPI were significantly different in patients group (P<0.05). FS and EF were higher in younger’s and left and right MPI were lower. In higher level of NT-pro BNP right S' had converse trends compared with the Iron, its level was higher in patients > 10 years, and FS had different values significantly in lower levels. In lower level of left E/E' resulted that FS was significantly higher in the age group < 10 years. Right peak E velocity was significantly higher in younger’s in higher level of left E/E'. Right E/E' was significantly higher in elders in lower level of left E/E' (P<0.05). Conclusion The study confirmed that NT-pro BNP increases in thalassemia and association with age and LV diastolic dysfunction. NT-pro BNP with E/E' and S' were shown diastolic and systolic dysfunction in thalassemia. Therefore, an increased level of ferritin and NT-pro BNP can be used as a marker for the intensification of iron chelation therapy, which reverses iron-induced cardiomyopathy.
https://ijp.mums.ac.ir/article_9220_09c8dbd1c754577a015871721a516936.pdf
Children
Cardiac involvement
echocardiography
NT-pro BNP
Beta-Thalassemia
eng
Mashhad University of Medical Sciences
International Journal of Pediatrics
2345-5047
2345-5055
2017-11-01
5
11
6095
6102
10.22038/ijp.2017.24971.2113
9063
Congenital Heart Disease in Children with Down syndrome in Kermanshah, West of Iran during 2002 - 2016
Zahra Jalili
zjalili4@yahoo.com
1
Cyrus Jalili
cjalili4404@gmail.com
2
Department of Cardiology, School of Medicine, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran.
Fertility and Infertility Research Center, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran.
Background Down syndrome is the most common chromosomal anomaly. Dysmorphic features can occur in several organs in this syndrome. Cardiac anomalies with a prevalence of 50% are the most common anomalies responsible for death during the first two years of life. We aimed to determine the prevalence of cardiac anomalies among Down syndrome patients admitted to two tertiary hospitals in Kermanshah, Iran from 2002 to 2016. Materials and Methods In this descriptive study, the medical records of all patients with Down syndrome admitted to two university hospitals namely Imam Ali and Imam Reza, Kermanshah city located in Western part of Iran in the study period were reviewed. All patients had received Echocardiography two-dimensional (2D). The required data including cardiac anomaly type, consanguinity of parents, maternal age, surgical interventions, and survival were collected into a checklist. Results: During the study period, 166 patients with Down syndrome had received diagnostic and therapeutic services in the studied hospitals. There were 70 males (42.2%) and 96 females (57.8%). Familial consanguinity was documented in 95 patients (57.2%). Mean ± standard deviation (SD) maternal age at delivery was 26.33 (±4.7) years (range, 15 to 45 years). Of 166 studied patients, 123 (74.1%) had cardiac anomaly. Ventricular septal defect (VSD) was the most prevalent single defect seen in 32 (26%) patients, followed by atrial septal defect (ASD) detected in in 22 (17.8%) patients. Seventy patients (42.1%) required surgical interventions. A total of 74 patients experienced relative improvement of the symptoms. Also, seven patients (10.2%) died including five females and two males. Conclusion: The frequency of cardiac anomalies in the studied population of Down syndrome patients was higher than former reported figures. The pattern of the anomalies is compatible with some former reports, but contradicts other reports.
https://ijp.mums.ac.ir/article_9063_06442153c851a6eafb1f0dd648d00bba.pdf
Cardiac anomaly
Congenital Heart
Down syndrome
Iran
Prevalence
eng
Mashhad University of Medical Sciences
International Journal of Pediatrics
2345-5047
2345-5055
2017-11-01
5
11
6103
6110
10.22038/ijp.2017.26125.2231
9317
The Value of Urinalysis in Detection of Abdominal Organ Injuries in Children with Hematuria Following Blunt Abdominal Trauma; A Diagnostic Study
Seyedhossein Seyedhosseini-Davarani
sdavaranii@yahoo.com
1
Anahita Saeedi
saeedianahita@gmail.com
2
Alaleh Rouhipour
alalehrouhipour@yahoo.com
3
Morteza Sanei Taheri
m.sanei@gmail.com
4
Alireza Baratloo
alirezabaratloo@yahoo.com
5
Department of Emergency Medicine, Imam Khomeini Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Department of Emergency Medicine, Imam Hossein Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Pediatric Specialist, Private Researcher, Tehran, Iran.
Department of Radiology, Shohadaye Tajrish Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Department of Emergency Medicine, Sina Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Background Currently, almost all patients with probable abdominal injury undergo urinalysis in emergency department (ED). The present survey was conducted with the aim of assessing the diagnostic values of urinalysis compare with abdominal computed tomography (CT) scan with contrast for predicting possible intra-abdominal injuries in children affected by blunt trauma. Materials and Methods: The present diagnostic accuracy study was accomplished on patients' < 16-year-old with blunt abdominal trauma who were admitted to emergency department (ED) and underwent both urinalysis and abdominal CT scan. Demographic and baseline characteristics data, and the results of urinalysis and abdominal CT scan were recorded. Thereafter, screening performance characteristics were calculated. Results Seventy eligible patients with the mean age of 7.1 ± 4.86 years were enrolled (68.6% male). Screening performance characteristics including sensitivity, specificity and positive and negative predictive values of hematuria were 26.7%, 92.7%, 50.0% and 82.3%, respectively. Positive and negative likelihood ratios were calculated as 3.67 and 0.79, respectively. Conclusion It is likely that, presence of hematuria has acceptable specificity, but very low sensitivity in comparison with CT scan for prediction of abdominal organ injuries in children with blunt abdominal trauma. Therefore, urinalysis is not useful for screening the presence of organ injuries in this population.
https://ijp.mums.ac.ir/article_9317_4816c89e37a1e4e4fab8fbd55ad35bb2.pdf
Abdominal injuries
Children
Emergency Department
Hematuria
Urinalysis
eng
Mashhad University of Medical Sciences
International Journal of Pediatrics
2345-5047
2345-5055
2017-11-01
5
11
6111
6138
10.22038/ijp.2017.26241.2244
9332
Clinical Pharmacology of Cefotaxime in Neonates and Infants: Effects and Pharmacokinetics
Gianmaria Pacifici
pacificigm@tiscali.it
1
Giovanna Marchini
2
Via San Andrea 32, 56127 Pisa, Italy.
Via San Andrea 32, 56127 Pisa, Italy.
Cefotaxime is a bactericidal "third generation" cephalosporin has a broad-spectrum activity against gram-positive microorganisms and exceptional activity against most gram-negative microorganisms. Cefotaxime is widely considered to be the antibiotic of choice for the management of neonatal meningitis and sepsis caused by gram-negative bacteria. Cefotaxime is active against Neisseria meningitis, Streptococcus pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae, Salmonella specimens, Staphylococcus, Enterobacter species, Haemophilus parainfluenzae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli, Citrobacter freundii, and Klebsiella pneumoniae. In neonates, the recommended dose of cefotaxime is 25 mg/kg every 6 hours by intravenous or intramuscular administration. Some authors administered cefotaxime at a daily dose of 150 or 300 mg/kg. After the intravenous administration of 50 mg/kg cefotaxime every 6 hours, the serum concentrations of this antibiotic are 56.9+28.7 µg/ml at 1 hour and 3.66+5.65 µg/ml at 6 hours after the administration. The cerebrospinal fluid concentration of cefotaxime, measured 1 hour after the intravenous administration of 50 mg/kg cefotaxime, is 3.72+5.57 µg/ml. The MIC50 (µg/ml) and the MBC50 (µg/ml) are 0.024+0.026 and 0.064+0.054, respectively, for Haemophilus influenzae, 0.062+0.034 and 0.240+0.027, respectively, for Streptococcus pneumoniae and 0.057+0.088 and 0.283+0.44, respectively, for Neisseria meningitis. In neonates, the half-life of cefotaxime is 2 to 6 hours, it varies with gestational and postnatal ages, and the clearance and distribution volume are 0.074+0.03 l/h/kg and 0.461+0.027 l/kg, respectively. Cefotaxime diffuses in tissues and penetrates into the cerebrospinal fluid. This antibiotic is safe and well tolerated in neonates. The aim of this study is to review the effects and pharmacokinetics of cefotaxime in neonates and infants.
https://ijp.mums.ac.ir/article_9332_90d6ccda1f940515f3e693a64edf68e3.pdf
Cefotaxime
effects
neonate
Pharmacokinetics
Resistance
Susceptibility
eng
Mashhad University of Medical Sciences
International Journal of Pediatrics
2345-5047
2345-5055
2017-11-01
5
11
6139
6142
10.22038/ijp.2017.25504.2170
9344
Study of Bacterial Contamination of Mobile Phones and Stethoscopes in Neonatal Intensive Care Unit
Abdellatif Daoudi
abdellatif.daoudi90@gmail.com
1
Nadia El Idrissi Slitine
nadiaelidrissislitine@gmail.com
2
Fatiha Bennaoui
fatihabennaoui@yahoo.fr
3
Mariame Alaoui
mmekkaoui.alaoui@gmail.com
4
Nabila Soraa
soraa@gmail.com
5
Fadl Mrabih Rabou Maoulainine
fadl2020@hotmail.com
6
Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, mother-child center, Mohammed VI University Medical Hospital of Marrakesh, Morocco.
Professor, Neonatal Intensive Care Department, Mohammed VI University Hospital and Research AND Team for Childhood, Health and Development, Marrakech School of Medicine, Cadi Ayyad University, Marrakech, Morocco.
Assistant Professor, Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Mother-Child Center, Mohammed VI University Medical Hospital of Marrakesh, Morocco AND Research Team Childhood, Health and Development, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy Cadi Ayyad University, Marrakech, Morocco.
Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Mother-Child Center, Mohammed VI University Medical Hospital of Marrakesh, Morocco AND Research Team childhood, Health and Development, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy Cadi Ayyad University, Marrakech, Morocco.
Professor, Biology Laboratory, Mother-Child Unit, Mohammed VI University Medical Hospital of Marrakesh, Morocco.
Professor, Neonatal Intensive Care Department, Mohammed VI University Hospital and Research AND Team for Childhood, Health and Development, Marrakech School of Medicine, Cadi Ayyad University, Marrakech, Morocco.
Mobile phones and stethoscopes used in neonatology units could be colonized by potentiel bacteria pathogens. It can be a vector of severe nosocomial infections and multi-drug-resistant pathogens. The aim of this study is to evaluate the microbial contamination of mobile phones and stethoscopes, used by medical and paramedical staff. The study was conducted in neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) of Mohamed VI University Hospital, Marrakech (Morocco) in April 2016. The bacteriological study was made on 17 mobile phones and 13 stethoscopes. Samples were taken from all surfaces of mobile phones and stethoscopes, with a sterile swab. Bacterial contamination rate of all mobile phones and stethoscopes was 100%. The cultures of bacteria isolated were polymorphic. Among the bacteria isolated, six multi-resistant bacterial strains were isolated at the mobile phones (35%), corresponding to 4 Klebsiella pneumoniae and 2 strains of E. coli. A strain of Klebsiella pneumoniae multidrug-resistant (7.7%) was found on a stethoscope. This study shows that mobile phones and stethoscopes could be involoved in the transmission of severe nosocomial infections, with multidrug-resistance. As part of the prevention of such risks, we must educate the medical staff, users of mobile phones on the importance of hand washing and use of hydro-alcoholic solutions after each use of mobile phones and stethoscopes.
https://ijp.mums.ac.ir/article_9344_bb35465d494624d87a8f45d6fb7abc8d.pdf
Contamination
Mobile Phones
Newborn
Nosocomial infection
Stethoscopes
eng
Mashhad University of Medical Sciences
International Journal of Pediatrics
2345-5047
2345-5055
2017-11-01
5
11
6143
6144
10.22038/ijp.2017.25690.2186
9166
Comments on "Study of Bacterial Contamination of Mobile Phones and Stethoscopes in Neonatal Intensive Care Unit"
SMJ Mortazavi
s.m.javad.mortazavi@fccc.edu
1
Department of Diagnostic Imaging, Fox Chase Cancer Center, 333 Cottman Ave, Philadelphia, PA 19111, USA.
This letter is regarding the article by Daoudi et al. entitled "Study of bacterial contamination of mobile phones and stethoscopes in Neonatal Intensive Care Unit" published in International Journal of Pediatrics DOI: 10.22038/IJP.2017.25504.2170 (1). The authors have evaluated the microbial contamination of mobile phones and stethoscopes used by medical and paramedical staff. They reported that 100% of mobile phones and stethoscopes studied by their team showed bacterial contamination. Based on their findings, Daoudi et al. suggested that medical staff should wash their hands with care and use hydro-alcoholic solutions after using mobile phones and stethoscopes.
https://ijp.mums.ac.ir/article_9166_bf499a84670550b97000af281aff2a1b.pdf
Bacterial contamination
Mobile Phones
Stethoscopes
Neonatal Intensive Care Unit
eng
Mashhad University of Medical Sciences
International Journal of Pediatrics
2345-5047
2345-5055
2017-11-01
5
11
6145
6149
10.22038/ijp.2017.25821.2202
9349
Neuromyelitis Optica in Children: A Rare Entity
Shamsuddin Hassan
dr.shamsuddinhassan@gmail.com
1
Shyam Mina
dr.shyamsnmc2000@gmail.com
2
Shobha Sharma
oum.shobha76@gmail.com
3
Ajay Kumar
drajayk70@yahoo.co.in
4
Rhea Shriyan
rhea.shriyan@gmail.com
5
DNB, Pediatrician, Department of Pediatric, VMMC and Safdarjung Hospital, New Delhi, India.
Assistant Professor, Department of Pediatrics, VMMC and Safdarjung Hospital, New Delhi, India.
Professor, Department of Pediatrics, VMMC and Safdarjung Hospital, New Delhi, India.
Professor, Department of Pediatrics, VMMC and Safdarjung Hospital, New Delhi, India.
Post Graduate Resident, Department of Pediatrics, VMMC and Safdarjung Hospital, New Delhi, India.
Neuromyelitis optica (also known as Devic's disease or Devic's syndrome) is an uncommon disorder in pediatric age group, and is characterized by acute or subacute optic neuritis and transverse myelitis. Here we report an 11- year- old female child with relapsing Neuromyelitis optica (NMO) confirmed by positive NMO- IgG antibody and had clinical recovery with high dose methyl prednisolone therapy.
https://ijp.mums.ac.ir/article_9349_9ceadb61525ae62ba21c4edd0190d614.pdf
Children
Neuromyelitis optica
Optic neuritis
Transverse myelitis
eng
Mashhad University of Medical Sciences
International Journal of Pediatrics
2345-5047
2345-5055
2017-11-01
5
11
6151
6171
10.22038/ijp.2017.24527.2066
8943
Maternal, Fetal and Neonatal Outcomes in Pregnant Women with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus: A Comprehensive Review Study
Fatemeh Zahra Karimi
karimifz@mums.ac.ir
1
Masumeh Saeidi
masumeh_saeedi@yahoo.com
2
Masoumeh Mirteimouri
mirteimourim@mums.ac.ir
3
Nahid Maleki- Saghooni
malekisn931@mums.ac.ir
4
Assistant Professor of Reproductive Health, Evidence-Based Health Care Research Center, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
Students Research Committee, Faculty of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Associate Professor, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Patient Satety Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
PhD Student of Reproductive Health, Students Research Committee, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
Background:Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is an autoimmune disease with multiple organ involvement and periods of relapse and remission that mainly affects young women of childbearing age. In this regard the reproductive health is an important issue. Although diagnosis, treatment and management of pregnancy in SLE women have been improved recently, but the main concern is effects of SLE on maternal, fetal and neonatal outcomes. This study aimed to investigate the maternal, fetal and neonatal outcomes in pregnant women with SLE. Materials and Methods: The databases of PubMed, Medline, Scopus and Web of Science as well as domestic database (Persian) such as SID, Magiran, Irandoc, and Google Scholar were searched with using keywords such as" Systemic lupus erythematosus"; "Pregnancy"; "Neonatal lupus"; "maternal, fetus or neonatal outcome"; and equivalent Persian words. Included were all Persian and English articles, published between 2000 and May 2017. Finally, a total of 77 studies were included. Results: Adverse perinatal outcomes increase in pregnancies with lupus. Outcomes include respiratory, cardiovascular, blood and skin disorders in mothers; stillbirth, spontaneous, and recurrent abortion in fetuses and neonatal lupus, prematurity, intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR), and small for gestational age (SGA) in neonates, respectively. Conclusion: Pregnant women with SLE are at high risk due to increased complications for both mother and fetus. It seems broad control of the women before fertilization, so that they be at full remission in the beginning of pregnancy and the disease activity be in complete control, it can help to improve outcomes of pregnancy and so better results can be expected.
https://ijp.mums.ac.ir/article_8943_4087a81a5d737221cbef637754e7e99b.pdf
fetus
neonate
pregnancy
Outcome
systemic lupus erythematosus
eng
Mashhad University of Medical Sciences
International Journal of Pediatrics
2345-5047
2345-5055
2017-11-01
5
11
6173
6178
10.22038/ijp.2017.26317.2252
9376
Children, the Main Victims of Ethnic Violence in Myanmar
Masumeh Saeidi
masumeh_saeedi@yahoo.com
1
Abbas Bahreini
bahreini.prof@gmail.com
2
Zahra Emami Moghadam
emamimoghadamz@mums.ac.ir
3
Habibolah Taghizadeh Moghaddam
taghizademaghaddamh1@mums.ac.ir
4
Fatemeh Aghajani
5
Students Research Committee, Faculty of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Department of Neurosurgery, Faculty of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
School of Nursing and Midwifery, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
Alzahra University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran.
Human rights are the basic standards that people need to live in dignity. In addition to the rights that are available to all people, there are rights that apply only to children. Children need special rights because of their unique needs; they need additional protection that adults don’t. The United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child is an international document that sets out all of the rights that children have – a child is defined in the Convention as any person under the age of 18 (1). Children's rights are the human rights of children with particular attention to the rights of special protection and care afforded to minors (2), including their right to association with both parents, human identity as well as the basic needs for food, universal state-paid education, health care and criminal laws appropriate for the age and development of the child, equal protection of the child's civil rights, and freedom from discrimination on the basis of the child's race, gender, sexual orientation, gender identity, national origin, religion, disability, color, ethnicity, or other characteristics (3-8).
https://ijp.mums.ac.ir/article_9376_ed098feba2a1eda9a42b3633a7278f34.pdf
Children
Muslims
Myanmar
violence