Mashhad University of Medical Sciences
International Journal of Pediatrics
2345-5047
2345-5055
7
8
2019
08
01
Electrocardiography Findings in Children with Epilepsy Compared with Healthy Children
9783
9792
EN
Noormohammad
Noori
0000-0002-0732-6412
Children & Adolescent Health Research Center, Resistant Tuberculosis Institute, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan 9816743111, Iran.
dr_noori_cardio@yahoo.com
Ali
Khajeh
0000-0003-2146-9345
Children & Adolescent Health Research Center, Resistant Tuberculosis Institute, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan 9816743111, Iran.
aliyavar2005@yahoo.com
Elmira
Akhlaghi
School of Medicine, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan 9816743111, Iran.
dr.akhlaghielmira@gmail.com
Alireza
Teimouri
0000-0002-8356-4260
Children & Adolescent Health Research Center, Resistant Tuberculosis Institute, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan 9816743111, Iran.
alirezateimouri260@gmail.com
10.22038/ijp.2019.39799.3386
<strong><em><span style="font-family: Times New Roman;">Background</span></em></strong><br /> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman;">Epilepsy is one of the most common neurological diseases. Over the last decades the hypothesis of cardiovascular effects from sudden seizure has been raised, and cardiac rhythm and ECG changes in these patients have been highlighted. The study aimed to evaluate the electrocardiography findings in children with epilepsy compared with healthy children.</span><br /> <strong><em><span style="font-family: Times New Roman;">Materials and Methods</span></em></strong><br /> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman;">In this case-control study, 90 patients aged between 6 months and 18 years who were matched with equal number of healthy children who referred to pediatric ward the of 'Ali Ebne Abi Talib' hospital in Zahedan, Iran. The study was performed in multicenter of Neurology and Cardiology centers. In the patients, the epilepsy was confirmed by a unique pediatric neurologist based on the definition of having at least two unprovoked seizures in 24 hours. ECG was captured from all participants by a pediatric cardiologist. </span><br /> <strong><em><span style="font-family: Times New Roman;">Results</span></em></strong><br /> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman;">In patients, 45.6% (n= 41) were females and in healthy 51.1% (n= 46) were females. Mean age of participants was similar in patients and healthy children (p=0.060). ECG findings such as QT min (p=0.001), R-R interval (p<0.001), Heart rate (p<0.001), S in V1 (p=0.002), R in aVL (p<0.001), S in V3 (p=0.003), QTd (p<0.001), QTcd (p<0.001), QTc max (p<0.001), and LV mass (p=0.007) were different in patients compared to controls. In patients, from ECG parameters, R in V5 was higher in male patients (p=0.043). </span><br /> <strong><em><span style="font-family: Times New Roman;">Conclusion</span></em></strong><br /> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman;">Based on the results, QTc, QTd, QTcd were prolonged in patients with epilepsy and, R in V5 was higher in male patients. To prevent abnormality rhythm in epilepsy, it is needed to evaluate QT to recognize the autonomic changes. </span>
Children,Electrocardiography,Epilepsy
https://ijp.mums.ac.ir/article_12900.html
https://ijp.mums.ac.ir/article_12900_f17c7c4ea45f5baa76e1a8df9fce43c8.pdf
Mashhad University of Medical Sciences
International Journal of Pediatrics
2345-5047
2345-5055
7
8
2019
08
01
Ultrasound Findings of Appendico-cecal invagination: A Case Report and Literature Review
9793
9798
EN
Farhad
Yousefi
0000-0002-3529-2061
Resident of Radiology, Radiology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
yousefif941@mums.ac.ir
Afruz
Darvish
Resident of Radiology, Radiology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
darvisha951@mums.ac.ir
Ali
Alamdaran
0000-0002-5966-2856
Associate Professor of Radiology, Radiology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
alamdarana@mums.ac.ir
10.22038/ijp.2019.39478.3363
<span style="font-family: Times New Roman;"><strong><em>Introduction</em></strong></span><br /> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman;">Appendicocecal intussusception is an uncommon condition which must be differentiated from other types of invagination due to different therapeutic approaches and its ultrasound findings are outspread and imperfectly presented in literature. We present a case with specific sonographic signs as well as review of related articles. </span><br /> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman;"><strong><em>Case Presentation</em></strong></span><br /> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman;">A 3.5 year-old girl with intermittent crampy abdominal pain from one month ago that was recently exaggerated was associated with nausea and vomiting. She had specific sign of appendicocecal intussusception. Due to unsuccessful hydrostatic reduction, surgical intervention and appendectomy was performed.</span><br /> <strong><em><span style="font-family: Times New Roman;">Conclusion </span></em></strong><br /> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman;">The absence of clinical symptoms and ultrasound findings of small intestine obstruction and invagination target (transverse diameter less than 20 mm) adjacent to terminal ileum loop containing hypoechoic Peyer's patches can help differentiate appendicocecal invagination from the other types of invagination.</span>
Appendix,Child,Intussusception,Invagination,Ultrasonography
https://ijp.mums.ac.ir/article_12956.html
https://ijp.mums.ac.ir/article_12956_9af61137be2dd677b19f318736adc5a1.pdf
Mashhad University of Medical Sciences
International Journal of Pediatrics
2345-5047
2345-5055
7
8
2019
08
01
Management of Biloma due to Biliary Tract Injury after Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy in a patient with Atypical Anatomy: A Case Report
9799
9802
EN
Ahmad
Mohammadipour
0000-0002-2417-0704
Department of Pediatric Surgery, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
mkh3526@gmail.com
Shiva
Ghaderifar
0000-0002-0530-3620
Master of Science in Environmental Health Engineering, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
ghaderifarsh2@mums.ac.ir
Marjan
Joodi
0000-0001-6373-1722
Department of Pediatric Surgery, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
joodim@mums.ac.ir
Saeedeh
Majidi
Fellowship of Pediatric Surgery, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
majidis961@mums.ac.ir
Mohammad Mahdi
Khazravi
0000-0002-7683-1594
Fellowship of Pediatric Surgery, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
khazravimm961@mums.ac.ir
10.22038/ijp.2019.39693.3380
<br /> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: x-small;"><strong><em>Introduction: </em></strong>Biliary tract injury is a major complication of laparoscopic cholecystectomywhich can be very challenging. But, the important part is to know the accurate anatomy of the ducts and site of the injury before any surgical attempt for ligation or repair. In this case a disaster might happen if we do not consider biliary anatomical abnormality as the main issue.</span><br /> <br /> <span style="font-size: x-small;"><strong><em><span style="font-family: Times New Roman;">Case Report</span></em></strong></span><br /> <br /> <span style="font-size: x-small;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman;">In this case, there was an additional duct originating from the right hepatic lobe and inserting directly to the common bile duct (CBD) along with the right hepatic duct. The injury to this branch led to biloma secretion from two tearing sites, one proximal to the branch and another distal of the branch adjacent to CBD, during laparoscopic cholecystectomy. </span></span><br /> <br /> <span style="font-size: x-small;"><strong><em><span style="font-family: Times New Roman;">Conclusion</span></em></strong></span><br /> <br /> <span style="font-size: 11pt;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman;"><span style="font-size: x-small;">There are numerous anatomic variations in the biliary tract, so according to this case we highly recommend to assay the exact anatomy before any intervention by means of Magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography (MRCP) or intraoperative cholangiography.</span> </span></span><br />
anatomical abnormality,biliary tract injury,Child,Laparoscopic cholecystectomy
https://ijp.mums.ac.ir/article_12972.html
https://ijp.mums.ac.ir/article_12972_98692ac31e570393fad227af55fa6d1b.pdf
Mashhad University of Medical Sciences
International Journal of Pediatrics
2345-5047
2345-5055
7
8
2019
08
01
The Effect of Surfactant Accompanied by Ventolin on the Respiratory Distress Syndrome in Premature Newborns: A Clinical Trial Study
9803
9815
EN
Homa
Babaei
0000-0003-0703-8178
Department of Neonatology, Imam Reza Hospital, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran.
homa_babaei@kums.ac.ir
Ania
Talebhagh
1111-1111-1111-1111
Imam Reza Hospital, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran.
dr.talebhagh@gmail.com
Leila
Mohammadi pirkashani
1111-2222-3333-4444
Clinical Research Development Center, Imam Reza Hospital, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran.
mohammadi1607@gmail.com
10.22038/ijp.2019.39481.3364
<strong><em><span style="font-family: Times New Roman;">Background</span></em></strong><br /> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman;">The respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) is one of the most common respiratory disorders in premature newborns. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of surfactant accompanied by Ventolin on the RDS in premature newborns.</span><br /> <strong><em><span style="font-family: Times New Roman;">Materials and Methods</span></em></strong><br /> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman;">The study was a double-blind randomized controlled trial that was conducted on 80 premature newborns with RDS in Imam Reza Hospital of Kermanshah, Iran, in 2018. The eligible newborns, using a random number table, were divided into two groups of surfactant with Ventolin as intervention group (n=40) and surfactant with normal saline as control group (n=40). The data collection tool was a checklist, including the demographic characteristics (gender, birth weight, gestational age, etc.) and clinical variables (length of hospitalization, pneumothorax, need of Continuous Positive Airway Pressure (CPAP), mechanical ventilation, tachypnea duration, RDS score, etc.). Data were analyzed using SPSS software (version 24.0).</span><br /> <strong><em><span style="font-family: Times New Roman;">Results</span></em></strong><br /> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman;">The results of the study showed that the two groups of intervention and control have significant statistical difference in terms of RDS score, tachypnea duration<strong>, </strong>duration of taking oxygen, start time of oral feeding, length of hospitalization, partial pressures of oxygen (PaO2), partial pressure of carbon dioxide (PaCO2), need of mechanical ventilation and pneumothorax, respiratory rate, heart rate, oxygen saturation and FIO2 after intervention (P<0.05). However, there were no significant statistical differences between the two groups in terms of need of CPAP and outcome (P>0.05).</span><br /> <strong><em><span style="font-family: Times New Roman;">Conclusion</span></em></strong><br /> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman;">The results of this study showed that administration surfactant accompanied by Ventolin can lead to decrease in RDS score, improve the respiration status, reduce start time of oral feeding and also reduce length of hospitalization.</span>
Premature,respiratory distress syndrome,Surfactant,Newborn,Ventolin
https://ijp.mums.ac.ir/article_12740.html
https://ijp.mums.ac.ir/article_12740_8dd1e12a5382562406b30d568da620b0.pdf
Mashhad University of Medical Sciences
International Journal of Pediatrics
2345-5047
2345-5055
7
8
2019
08
01
Investigation of Climatic, Health and Economic Factors Affecting on Mortality in the Eastern Mediterranean Region
9817
9830
EN
Ali
Almasi
0000-0002-1506-7289
Social Development & Health Promotion Research Center, Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran.
alialmasi@yahoo.com
Alireza
Zangeneh
0000-0001-9692-9655
Social Development & Health Promotion Research Center, Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran.
ali.zangeneh.88@gmail.com
Shahram
Saeidi
Social Development & Health Promotion Research Center, Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran.
saedi.shahram@yahoo.com
Seyedeh-Samira
Shafiee-Masuleh
Department of Geography and Urban Planning, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, East Azerbaijan, Iran.
Maryam
Choobtashani
Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran.
mchoobtashani1991@yahoo.com
Fariba
Saeidi
Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran.
saeidi.fareba70@yahoo.com
Farbod
Ebadi Fard Azar
Department of Health Services and Health Education, School of Health, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Arash
Ziapour
orcid.org/0000-0001-
PhD Student, Health Education and Health Promotion, Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran.
arashziapoor@gmail.com
Javad
Yoosefi Lebni
PhD Candidate, Health Education and Health Promotion, School of Health, Iran University of Medical Sciences,Tehran, Iran.
10.22038/ijp.2019.39598.3375
<strong><em><span style="font-family: Times New Roman;">Background</span></em></strong><br /> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman;">Mortality is one of the indicators of community health and reflects the social, economic and environmental status of the residence of people. In this regard, countries in the Eastern Mediterranean Region (EMR) have many problems. Therefore, this study was conducted to investigate the factors affecting on mortality in the region. </span><br /> <strong><em><span style="font-family: Times New Roman;">Materials and Methods</span></em></strong><br /> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman;">This study was conducted in the 22 EMR countries. Required data on mortality were collected from WHO online database and Weather, Geneva, Switzerland. The data were analyzed by ArcGIS 10.6.1 software, graphic statistical methods, SPSS software version 23.0, descriptive statistical tests, ANOVA, and regression correlation coefficient.</span><br /> <strong><em><span style="font-family: Times New Roman;">Results</span></em></strong><br /> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman;">The results showed that in the 22 EMR countries, mortality in children under five, neonatal mortality rate, mortality rate attributed to household and ambient air pollution, mortality rate attributed to exposure to unsafe WASH services and mortality rate attributed to unintentional poisoning were 52 per 1000 live births, 26.6 per 1000 live births, 58.8 per 100,000 population, 13.1 per 100,000 population and 1.4 per 100,000 population, respectively. The results showed that the countries of Somalia, Yemen, Iraq, Afghanistan, Pakistan, Sudan, and Djibouti were in a very poor situation and there was an inequality in health in the countries of the region. </span><br /> <strong><em><span style="font-family: Times New Roman;">Conclusion</span></em></strong><br /> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman;">Based on the results, the main factors affecting mortality rate included: 1) Average precipitation, 2) Latitude, 3) Above sea level, 4) Food safety, and 5) Births attended by skilled health personnel.</span>
Climate,Eastern Mediterranean Region,Economic,health,Mortality
https://ijp.mums.ac.ir/article_12901.html
https://ijp.mums.ac.ir/article_12901_26b3257be770f1e56509acb9c51cd39e.pdf
Mashhad University of Medical Sciences
International Journal of Pediatrics
2345-5047
2345-5055
7
8
2019
08
01
Pediatric Cutaneous Leishmaniasis in Golestan Province, Iran: A Cross-Sectional Study of 8-years
9831
9839
EN
Oghlniaz
Jorjani
0000-0003-2426-2956
Assistant Professor, Laboratory Science Research Center, Department of Medical Laboratory Science, Faculty of Paramedicine, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran.
oghlniazj@yahoo.com
Hamid Reza
Kamalinia
Manager of CDC, Health Office of Golestan Province, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran.
hamid.kamalinia@yahoo.com
Zahra
Mehrbakhsh
Department of Biostatistics, Faculty of Health, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran.
zahra2mehrbakhsh@yahoo.com
Hajar
Ziaei-Hezarjaribi
Department of Parasitology, School of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran.
hajarziaeihezarjaribi@yahoo.com
Kumars
Pourrostami
Non-communicable Diseases Research Center, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran.
kumarspourrostami@yahoo.com
Morteza
Mansourian
0000-0002-2482-5424
Health Management and Economics Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
mansourian55@gmail.com
Omid
Safari
Dietary Supplements and Probiotic Research Center, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran.
safari5@yahoo.com
Mohammad Sadegh
Abedzadeh Zavareh
Health Education Department, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran.
mohammadsadeghabedzadehzavareh@yahoo.com
Kamal
Mirkarimi
0000-0003-1876-8387
Assistant Professor, Ph.D of Health Education and Promotion, Health Management and Social Development Research Center, Department of Public Health, School of Health, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran.
ak.mirkarimi@gmail.com
10.22038/ijp.2019.39801.3384
<span style="font-family: Times New Roman;"><strong><em>Background: </em></strong>Cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) is a main public health problem in Iran with a high incidence rate among children. According to numerous studies in Iranian society, the most commonly affected age group is 1–4 years. At present, we aimed to investigate the pediatric CL among children in Golestan Province in North of Iran. </span><br /> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman;"><strong><em>Materials and Methods: </em></strong>A cross-sectional study was run on data existed for 3,371 cases with pediatric cutaneous leishmaniasis based on routinely collected data from the Health System of Golestan Province, Iran, between 2010 and 2017. Data of the study were gathered using two checklists about CL and demographic status from District Health Network. Data were analyzed using SPSS software (version 18.0).</span><br /> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman;"><strong><em>Results: </em></strong>In general, 3371cases were investigated. The majority of cases were male 1495 (50.9%), lived in the rural area, while the least CL were female 155 (38.7 %), and lived in the urban area. Pediatric cutaneous leishmaniasis had the highest 883 (26.3%), and lowest 186 (5.5%) frequency in 2010 and 2013 years, accordingly. CL was increased from July and reached to maximum in October, then decreased considerably in January. In final, a significant relationship was found between CL cases and years of the survey (p= 0.001). </span><br /> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman;"><strong><em>Conclusion: </em></strong>The most CL cases were found among males and aged 0-5 years. As indicated by different studies, CL in the endemic area of the country (Golestan Province) occurs more often in children, while it commonly happens among adolescents in the central area of the country. Thus, it points to the role of mothers in protecting children through dressing up and sleeping habits in the outdoor environments. </span>
Child,Cutaneous,Iran,Leishmaniasis,Public health
https://ijp.mums.ac.ir/article_13013.html
https://ijp.mums.ac.ir/article_13013_1401f77e368070e16f95beb1d798febe.pdf
Mashhad University of Medical Sciences
International Journal of Pediatrics
2345-5047
2345-5055
7
8
2019
08
01
Female Adolescents and Life Skills based on the Social Cognitive Theory: A Qualitative Study
9841
9851
EN
Mohammad Reza
Miri
0000-0002-9947-7524
PhD in Health Education and Health promotion, Professor, Department of Public Health, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran.
miri_moh@yahoo.com
Fatemeh
Baghernezhad hesary
0000-0002-2977-4320
PhD Candidate in Health Education and Health Promotion, International Campus, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran.
ftbagher@gmail.com
Mohammad Ali
Morowatisharifabad
0000-0002-4039-3932
Professor, PhD in Health Education and Health Promotion, Aging Health Department, School of Public Health, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran.
morowatisharif@yahoo.com
Gholam Reza
Sharifzade
0000-0003-4812-0223
MSc in Epidemiology, Department of Epidemiology, Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran.
rezamood@yahoo.com
Reza
Dastjerdi
0000-0002-2043-8224
PhD in Psychology, Assistant professor, Faculty of Para Medicine, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran.
r.dastjerdi@bums.ac.ir
10.22038/ijp.2019.38629.3306
<span style="font-family: Times New Roman;"><strong><em>Background: </em></strong>Adolescence is one of the most important periods of life for all people. This is a transition period from childhood to adulthood, through which individuals should learn to make the right decisions and apply the life skills. This study aimed to explain the life skills' experiences of 12-14 year-old female adolescents.</span><br /> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman;"><strong><em>Materials and Methods: </em></strong>In this qualitative content analysis study, adolescent girls aged 12-14 years were selected by the purposeful sampling method. The data were collected using individual interviews and focus group discussions. The recorded audio files were transcribed. Then, the information was compared and merged with the available literature in the field. A classification matrix was created according to the constructs of the social cognitive theory (SCT). Categories were derived from the constructs of SCT and themes were extracted from the analysis and interpretation of data.</span><br /> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman;"><strong><em>Results: </em></strong>The main extracted themes consisted of the environmental, behavioral, and personal factors. The theme of environmental factors included two categories of interpersonal relationships and influential role models as well as access to resources and facilities. The theme of behavioral factors included the categories of skills and the personal factors' theme contained the categories of personality traits, attitudes, perceived self-efficacy, knowledge, and outcome expectations.</span><br /> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman;"><strong><em>Conclusion: </em></strong>The use of life skills by adolescents is influenced by personal, environmental, and behavioral factors. Therefore, appropriate conditions should be provided for the adolescents to use the life skills. These conditions include acquisition of knowledge and skills, perception of positive outcome expectancies, existence of influential role models, existence of supportive systems, access to facilities, and positive attitudes.</span>
Adolescents,Life Skills,puberty,Qualitative research
https://ijp.mums.ac.ir/article_12594.html
https://ijp.mums.ac.ir/article_12594_8956ed8b983cccee55869e1217cd0894.pdf
Mashhad University of Medical Sciences
International Journal of Pediatrics
2345-5047
2345-5055
7
8
2019
08
01
The Effects of Trans-Theoretical Model and Fear of Dental Care on Dental Cleaning Behavior among Students
9853
9861
EN
Leila
Allahqoli
Assistant Professor, Endometriosis Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences (IUMS), Tehran, Iran.
allahqoli.l@iums.ac.ir
Vinnaras
Nithyanantham
Professor, Department of General Education, College of Education and Languages, Lebanese French University, Erbil, Kurdistan, Iraq.
vinnaras.n@lfu.edu.krd
Azam
Rahmani
Assistant Professor, Nursing and Midwifery Care Research Center, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
arahmani@sina.tums.ac.ir
Arezoo
Fallahi
0000-0002-6375-4614
Assistant Professor, Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Research Institute for Health Development, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran.
arezofalahi91@gmail.com
Marzieh
Fathi
Student Research Committee, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran.
mafathi66@gmail.com
Nammam Ali
Azadi
Assistant Professor, Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
n.azadi@hotmail.com
Tahereh
Pashaei
Assistant Professor, Environmental Health Research Center, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran.
pashait@gmail.com
Thomas
Volken
Professor, School of Health Professions, Zurich University of Applied Sciences, Winterthur, Switzerland.
thomas.volken@zhaw.ch
10.22038/ijp.2019.40305.3415
<span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: x-small;"><strong><em>Background: </em></strong>Fear of dental care prevents dental cleaning behavior and increases the prevalence of dental caries. This study was conducted to determine the effect of Trans-Theoretical Model constructs and fear of dental care on the dental cleaning behavior of students. </span><br /> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: x-small;"><strong><em>Materials and Methods: </em></strong>This cross-sectional study was carried out in Sanandaj city, Iran, in 2017. Using multi-stage sampling, 1,344 male and female students were included in the study. They completed a self-report questionnaire, including demographic information, Trans-Theoretical Model constructs and fear of dental care. Data were analyzed using SPSS software (version 22.0).</span><br /> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: x-small;"><strong><em>Results: </em></strong>A total of 1,344 male and female students with a mean age of 15.22±2.64 years participated in the study; from the perspective of students, dental caries (88.4%) was the most frequent illness and tongue inflammation (0.6%) was the least frequent disease.Overall, 32.9% of the students used no tools for cleaning their teeth. Fear of dental care and perceived barriers were reduced significantly during the stages of dental cleaning behavior (p<0.05) and perceived self-efficacy and perceived benefits were significantly increased (p<0.001). The odds of dental cleaning behavior increased with self-efficacy (OR=1.34, 95%CI=1.22-1.48, p<0.05), and decreased with fear of dental care (OR=0.90, 95%CI=0.80-0.98, p<0.01).</span><br /> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman;"><span style="font-size: x-small;"><strong><em>Conclusion: </em></strong></span><span style="font-size: 11pt;"><span style="font-size: x-small;">The findings showed dental cleaning behavior among students was at a low level and various factors such as perceived self-efficacy, benefits and barriers and fear of dental care influenced its performance.</span> </span></span>
Behavior,fear,Oral Health,Students,Trans-theoretical Model
https://ijp.mums.ac.ir/article_13213.html
https://ijp.mums.ac.ir/article_13213_7bac8677656b1ea7998b3e42270507e3.pdf
Mashhad University of Medical Sciences
International Journal of Pediatrics
2345-5047
2345-5055
7
8
2019
08
01
Assessment of Iran Medicine List for the Appropriateness of the Six Pharmacological Formulations for Children's Prescription: A Cross Sectional Study
9863
9871
EN
Minoo
Boroumand
Pharm D, Department of Pharmacoeconomics and Pharmaceutical Administration, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
minu.boroumand@gmail.com
Parisa
Saiyarsarai
0000-0001-8015-1834
Pharm D, Department of Pharmacoeconomics and Pharmaceutical Administration, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran AND PhD Candidate, Department of Pharmacoeconomics and Pharmaceutical Administration, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
saiyar_p@razi.tums.ac.ir
Navid
Nobakht
Pharm D, Evidence-Based Evaluation of Cost-effectiveness and Clinical Outcomes, Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences (TIPS), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
nobakht.navid@yahoo.com
AbdolMajid
Cheraghali
Professor/PhD, Pharmaceutical Management and Economics Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
majidcheraghali@gmail.com
Shekoufeh
Nikfar
0000-0002-5206-6197
Associate Professor/PhD, Department of Pharmacoeconomics and Pharmaceutical Administration, Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Management and Economics Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
nikfar_sh@tums.ac.ir
10.22038/ijp.2019.40144.3406
<span style="font-family: Times New Roman;"><strong><em>Background: </em></strong>The administration of pediatric medicines in an accurate manner for successful therapy is imperative. This study aimed to investigate the Iran Medicine List for the appropriateness of the six pharmacological formulations for children populations to the success of accurate dose delivery.</span><br /> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman;"><strong><em>Materials and Methods: </em></strong>This is a cross-sectional study to evaluate oral delivery of the pediatric medicines that belong to six pharmacologic categories including anti-infective, anti-asthma<strong>, </strong>non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, corticosteroid, cardiovascular and oral-rehydration-therapy in Iran. WHO pediatric model list has been assigned as the pattern of evaluation. The compatibility of the pediatric liquid formulations for oral route of administration, in Iran Medicine List, has been assessed. To evaluate the efficiency of oral liquid formulations for delivering the appropriate dosage and determining the amount of medication waste, minimum and maximum therapeutic range of each medicine for defined diseases was calculated according to six-year old child’s weight. Also, to obtain the minimum amount that could easily deliver the appropriate dose, as well as availability of selected medicines at the pharmacy level, an in-house questionnaire was prepared, validated, and was filled by 40 pediatricians and pharmacists.</span><br /> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman;"><strong><em>Results: </em></strong>The results of comparison between the two lists showed that, among 106 medicines of WHO model list, only 37 medicines had liquid oral formulation and 13 medicines have not been registered in Iran Medicine List. Results obtained from questionnaire indicated that between these 37 oral liquid formulations, just 20 formulations are available in pharmacies. </span><br /> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman;"><strong><em>Conclusion: </em></strong>Based on the results, almost half of the medicines defined in the WHO model list are either not listed in Iran Medicine List or are not in appropriated formulation for pediatric use. </span>
Children,Essential Drugs,medicine list,Pharmaceutical Formulation
https://ijp.mums.ac.ir/article_13229.html
https://ijp.mums.ac.ir/article_13229_d350e885522dc69ff3f4c92f2b6b1563.pdf
Mashhad University of Medical Sciences
International Journal of Pediatrics
2345-5047
2345-5055
7
8
2019
08
01
The Relationship of Child Abuse and Functional Constipation in Children: A Case-Control Study
9873
9882
EN
Sima
Zahedi
0000-0001-8920-3338
Student Research Committee, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran.
zahedi.cma@gmail.com
Saeed
Alinejad
Department of Pediatric Cardiology, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran.
alinezhad.saeed48@gmail.com
Yazdan
Ghandi
0000-0002-8825-7163
Department of Pediatric Cardiology, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran.
drghandi_1351@yahoo.com
Parsa
Yousefichaijan
0000-0003-1196-1264
Department of Pediatric Nephrology, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran.
parsayousefichaijan@yahoo.com
Bahman
Salehi
0000-0002-7114-9852
Department of Psychiatry, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran.
salehi@yahoo.com
Mohammad
Rafiei
Department of Biostatistics, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran.
m.rafiei@yahoo.com
Amir
Almasi-Hashiani
0000-0003-4434-561X
Department of Epidemiology, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran.
amiralmasi2007@gmail.com
Mojtaba
Hashemi
0000-0001-7162-2446
Department of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran.
mojtaba53hashemi@yahoo.com
10.22038/ijp.2019.40451.3420
<span style="font-family: Times New Roman;"><strong><em>Background: </em></strong>Child abuse is a serious global problem and can be in the form of physical, sexual, emotional or neglect by not providing for the child's needs. Functional constipation (FC) is a common functional gastrointestinal (GI) disorder in children. This study was aimed to assess the relationship between child abuse and functional constipation in children.</span><br /> <strong><em><span style="font-family: Times New Roman;">Materials and Methods</span></em></strong><br /> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman;">In this age frequency-matched case-control study, 100 children with FC were compared with 100 healthy children as control. The diagnosis of FC was based on history and physical examination. Child abuse in three sub-groups (physical, emotional and neglect) were assessed by ISPCAN Child Abuse Screening Tool Children's Version (ICAST-C). The data were analyzed by Stata software (version 13.0). </span><br /> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman;"><strong><em>Results: </em></strong>The results of this study revealed that the frequency of any kind of child abuse in case (children with functional constipation), and control group (children without functional constipation) is 93% and 84%, respectively, OR: 2.53 (95% CI: 1.00-6.45), P=0.052. The most frequent abuse in both groups was emotional abuse (91% vs. 81%) followed by physical (61% vs. 47%), and neglect (19% vs. 8%). There was a significant association between frequency of emotional (OR: 2.37, P=0.046), physical (OR: 1.76, P=0.048) and neglect abuse (OR: 2.70, P=0.027) among case and control groups. However, after controlling the confounding variables, the association between child abuse and FC remained clinically important but was not statistically significant (P>0.05).</span><br /> <strong><em><span style="font-family: Times New Roman;">Conclusion</span></em></strong><br /> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman;">Notwithstanding emotional abuse, physical abuse and child neglect rate were more frequent among children with FC, this study demonstrates that child abuse is not associated with FC occurrence. </span>
Child abuse,Children,Constipation,functional constipation
https://ijp.mums.ac.ir/article_13223.html
https://ijp.mums.ac.ir/article_13223_075625d083b6c0d66b6153e006359a66.pdf
Mashhad University of Medical Sciences
International Journal of Pediatrics
2345-5047
2345-5055
7
8
2019
08
01
Comparison of Growth Parameters in Two Groups of Children with Chronic Renal Failure Treated with and without Growth Hormone Replacement Therapy
9883
9892
EN
Azadeh
Darabi
Assistant Professor of Pediatrics, Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
darabi.azad68@gmail.com
Javad
Mohamadi Taze Abadi
0000-0003-2659-0902
Department of Radiology, Dr. Shariati Hospital, Mashhad University Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
jmohamadi10@yahoo.com
Fatemeh
Ghane Sharbaf
Associate Professor of Pediatric Nephrology, Pediatric Nephrology Department, Dr. Sheikh Hospital, Mashhad University of Medical sciences, Mashhad , Iran.
Nosrat
Ghaemi
0000-0002-2405-1916
Pediatric Endocrinologist, Associated Professor of Pediatric Endocrinology, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
ghaemin@mums.ac.ir
Anoush
Azarfar
Kidney Transplantation Complications Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
Yalda
Ravanshad
Department of Community Medicine, Mashhad Branch, Islamic Azad University, Mashhad, Iran.
yaldaravanshad@mums.ac.ir
Gholamreza
Sarvari
0000-0002-6200-5144
Asistant Professor of Pediatric Nephrology, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
sarvarir@mums.ac.ir
Mina
Ekrami Noghabi
Assistant Professor of Pediatrics, Department of Pediatrics, Bouali Sina Hospital, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran.
Sara
Ghahremani
0000-0002-7343-0429
Assistant Professor of Pediatrics, Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
10.22038/ijp.2019.41868.3527
Objective: The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of growth hormone on growth parameters such as Z scores for height, weight, and body mass index (BMI), and height velocity in two groups of children with chronic renal failure (CRF) treated with and without growth hormone.<br />Methods: This longitudinal study was conducted on all children aged 6 months to 16 years with a short suture who had chronic kidney disease and indication of the growth hormone (GH) replacement therapy during the years 2016 to 2018 at Sheikh Nephrology Clinic. In our study, growth parameters including Z scores for height, weight, and BMI were measured in each patient at the beginning and at the end of follow-up. To assess the effect of growth hormone, growth parameters were compared between the two groups at the beginning and at the end of follow-up. Also, height velocity was compared in the growth hormone treated and untreated groups.<br />Findings: Results showed that a significant difference between the two groups in terms of height velocity in the first year (P=0.013) and the whole period (P = 0.003). Also, there was no significant difference between two groups in terms of height Z score at the start of follow-up (P = 0.101), but it was significant at the end of the follow-up (P = 0.044). Results of comparing weight Z scores, BMI values and laboratory parameters in two groups at the beginning and at the end of the follow-up showed no significant differences.
Body mass index,Children,chronic renal failure,Growth hormone,Height,Weight
https://ijp.mums.ac.ir/article_13495.html
https://ijp.mums.ac.ir/article_13495_f4e837369501a74c78537f37b7e1e221.pdf
Mashhad University of Medical Sciences
International Journal of Pediatrics
2345-5047
2345-5055
7
8
2019
08
01
Clinical and Laboratory Investigation of Children with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) Referring to Lupus Clinic of Dr. Sheikh Hospital, Mashhad, Iran
9893
9902
EN
Zahra
Chaichi
Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
chaichiz951@mums.ac.ir
Mohammad
Esmaeili
CJASN-0673-06-15
Professor of Pediatric Nephrology, Pediatric Nephrology Department, Dr. Sheikh Hospital, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
esmaeelim@mums.ac.ir
Abdolreza
Malek
0000-0002-3494-2085
Assistant Professor of Pediatric Rheumatology, Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
maleka@mums.ac.ir
Fatemeh
Ghane Sharbaf
Associate Professor of Pediatric Nephrology, Pediatric Nephrology Department, Dr. Sheikh Hospital, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
Anoush
Azarfar
Kidney Transplantation Complications Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
Nafiseh
Ghaffarian Eidgahi Moghaddam
Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
Gholamreza
Sarvari
0000-0002-6200-5144
Asistant Professor of Pediatric Nephrology, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
sarvarir@mums.ac.ir
Sarah
Ghahremani
0000-0002-7343-0429
Assistant Professor of Pediatrics, Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
ghahremanis@mums.ac.ir
10.22038/ijp.2019.41891.3531
Background: Systemic lupus erythematous (SLE) is a multisystemic and autoimmune inflammatory disease characterized by production of autoantibodies against different cellular components. We aimed to investigate children with SLE in terms of clinical symptoms and laboratory findings who referred to Lupus clinic.<br />Materials and Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 36 children with SLE referring to lupus clinic of Dr. Sheikh hospital, Mashhad-Iran, were enrolled for one year. Clinical symptoms and involvement of different organs were completely checked and recorded at the time of diagnosis of lupus disease based on questionnaire information. The patients with nephritic manifestations of lupus underwent needle biopsies of kidneys, with the samples being examined by light microscope and immunofluorescence to investigate the extent of renal involvement. The main course of treatment included steroid- cyclophosphamide (injection and oral), hydroxychloroquine - mycophenolate (Cellcept) and Azathioprine. Then, response or lack of treatment response as well as the extent and severity of relapse were recorded based on questionnaire. <br />Results: In this study, out of 36 lupus patients, 30 were female (83.3%). The mean age was 9.15±4.28 years. Lupus nephritis, musculoskeletal manifestations, hematological manifestations, cutaneous manifestations, and neurological manifestations existed in 20 (55.6%), 11 (30.6%), 9 (25.0%), 7 (19.4%), and 4 (11.1%), respectively. There was no significant relationship between the age plus gender and lupus clinical manifestations. However, there was a significant relationship between relapse of disease and lupus nephritis (p
Children,Clinical symptoms,Laboratory results,Systemic Lupus Erythematous
https://ijp.mums.ac.ir/article_13504.html
https://ijp.mums.ac.ir/article_13504_637ce3aac3085cc001de9732b497343d.pdf
Mashhad University of Medical Sciences
International Journal of Pediatrics
2345-5047
2345-5055
7
8
2019
08
01
Fiber Tractography and Diffusion Tensor Imaging in Children with Agenesis and Dysgenesis of Corpus Callosum: A Clinico-Radiological Correlation
9903
9915
EN
Nadia
El Ameen
0000-0002-8586-8903
Assistant Professor of Radiology, Radiology Department, Faculty of Medicine, El Minia University, Minia, Egypt.
nadia.elameen@yahoo.com
Mohamed
Ibrahim
Assistant Professor of Radiology, Radiology Department, Faculty of Medicine, El Minia University, Minia, Egypt.
mohmedahmwd24@gmail.com
Samir
Mounir
Lecturer of Pediatrics, Pediatric Neurology Unit, Faculty of Medicine, El Minia University, Minia, Egypt.
sammmoner2@yahoo.com
10.22038/ijp.2019.39349.3354
<strong><em><span style="font-family: Times New Roman;">Background</span></em></strong><br /> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman;">Corpus callosum is the largest commissure in human brain. It consists of tightly packed white matter tracts connecting the two cerebral hemispheres. In this study we aimed to evaluate role of fiber tractography (FT), and diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) in pediatric patients with corpus callosum anomalies and correlate findings with clinical presentation. </span><br /> <strong><em><span style="font-family: Times New Roman;">Materials and Methods</span></em></strong><br /> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman;">This prospective study included 115 children with clinical presentations and CT findings suggested corpus callosum anomalies. Their ages ranged between 2 and 12 year-old. They referred from Pediatric Neurology unit to Radiology Department in Minia University hospital for children, Minia (Egypt) from April 2018 till December 2018. They underwent MRI fiber tractography and diffusion tensor imaging after approval of ethical committee of our institution and informed consent form patients’ parents. </span><br /> <strong><em><span style="font-family: Times New Roman;">Results</span></em></strong><br /> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman;">Our study included 42 (36.5 %) males and 73 (63.5 %) females. They were reviewed for corpus callosum anomalies according to Hanna classification, the commonest was hypoplasia without dysplasia 37/115 (32 %). Using DTI and FT, corpus callosum fiber defects were classified into fronto-rostral, caudal and whole body defect. Significant statistical correlation was found between ADHD, autism and loss of fronto-rostral fibers. Epilepsy and developmental delay were correlated to whole body defect and caudal fiber tract defects. </span><br /> <strong><em><span style="font-family: Times New Roman;">Conclusion</span></em></strong><br /> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman;">Based on the results, Fiber tractography and diffusion tensor imaging are newly developed promising techniques. They proved high accuracy in localization of exact affected corpus callosum white matter tract. They help to predict prognosis of patients that could not be explained by morphological changes seen in conventional MRI. </span>
Children,Diffusion tensor imaging,Agenesis of Corpus Callosum
https://ijp.mums.ac.ir/article_13356.html
https://ijp.mums.ac.ir/article_13356_81ebcbda0dcc5d0d63d0bcd1c33afe3e.pdf
Mashhad University of Medical Sciences
International Journal of Pediatrics
2345-5047
2345-5055
7
8
2019
08
01
Primary Congenital Lymphedema in the Upper Limbs of Children: Case Series
9917
9920
EN
Maria de Fatima
Guerreiro Godoy
0000-0003-3725-7961
Occupational Therapist professor of the Post-Graduate Strictu Sensu in Medicine School in São José do Rio Preto (FAMERP) and Research Group in the Clínica Godoy, Sao Jose do Rio Preto, Brazil.
mfggodoy@gmail.com
Ana Carolina
Pereira de Godoy
0000-0003-0425-4641
Resident of the Pediatrics Unit Intensive Therapy of Santa Casa de São Paulo, Brazil and Research Group of Clínica Godoy, São Jose do Rio Preto, Brazil.
acp.godoy@gmail.com
Jose Maria
Pereira de Godoy
0000-0001-5424-7787
Cardiology and Cardiovascular Surgery Department of the Medicine School in São José do Rio Preto (FAMERP), CNPq (National Council for Research and Development), Brazil.
godoyjmp@gmail.com
10.22038/ijp.2019.40761.3436
<span style="font-family: Times New Roman;">The aim of the present study was to report a case series involving the treatment of primary congenital lymphedema using the Godoy method. Eight children (seven girls and one boy) with primary congenital lymphedema of the upper limbs treated at the Godoy Clinic. A retrospective clinical trial was conducted to evaluate treatment for primary congenital lymphedema of the upper limbs in children using the Godoy & Godoy lymphatic therapy method. </span><br /> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman;">The first treatment option for all children was cervical lymphatic therapy. The mothers were trained in the technique under the supervision of the team and, after demonstrating the ability to perform the therapy, were then free to continue cervical stimulation on their children at home. A reduction in edema was found in all children throughout treatment, ranging from two months to two years.</span>
Lymphedema,Children,Treatment,Godoy Method,Upper limbs
https://ijp.mums.ac.ir/article_13265.html
https://ijp.mums.ac.ir/article_13265_418ec742b9bd72f26cacd2b1ab2ccdc1.pdf
Mashhad University of Medical Sciences
International Journal of Pediatrics
2345-5047
2345-5055
7
8
2019
08
01
Thoracic Mass Nature Determination; What Modality Is Better in Pediatric Age?
9921
9928
EN
Seyed Ali
Alamdaran
0000-0002-5966-2856
Radiology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
alamdarana@mums.ac.ir
Soroush
Estilaee
0000-0002-6208-4903
Radiology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
sorest03@gmail.com
Donya
Farrokh
Radiology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
farrokhd@mums.ac.ir
Negar
Morovatdar
Clinical Research Unit, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
morovatdarn@mums.ac.ir
10.22038/ijp.2019.39305.3349
<strong><em><span style="font-family: Times New Roman;">Background</span></em></strong><br /> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman;">The first step in assessing thoracic lesions is chest X-ray, but the optional imaging procedure for the final diagnosis is controversial. We aimed to examine the diagnostic accuracy of imaging modalities in pediatric thoracic masses. </span><br /> <strong><em><span style="font-family: Times New Roman;">Materials and Methods</span></em></strong><br /> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman;">This prospective cross-sectional study was conducted from 2017 to 2018 in Dr. Sheikh hospital, Mashhad, Iran. A total of 130 patients with a confirmed pathology report of thoracic masses were recruited in this study. A pediatric radiologist independently evaluated the existing chest X-ray (CXR), ultrasound (US) and CT and reported the probable diagnosis. Imaging reports of CXR, US, and CT were compared with the pathology results. </span><br /> <strong><em><span style="font-family: Times New Roman;">Results</span></em></strong><br /> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman;">83 (63.8%) of the patients were boys with the mean age of 72.15 <span style="text-decoration: underline;">+</span> 46 months. The most prevalent site of the thoracic masses was the lung parenchyma with the frequency of 81 (62.3%), and the most frequent mass was hydatid cyst with the frequency of 57 (43.8%). Thoracic CT had the overall sensitivity of 100% for mass localization and 78.2% for nature determination; while US had the sensitivity of (95.4%) for mass localization and 90.9% for the diagnosis of mass nature. The sensitivity of CXR for thoracic mass localization was 89.4 and for mass nature determination was 35.5%. </span><br /> <strong><em><span style="font-family: Times New Roman;">Conclusion</span></em></strong><br /> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman;">Based on the results, CXR and US had a similar appropriate sensitivity in localization of thoracic masses. Although CT had the highest overall sensitivity for mass localization, in comparison with US, it was less diagnostic to define mass nature and US had the highest sensitivity for mass nature determination. Hence, US may potentially obviate further imaging such as CT in most of the cases.</span>
Chest X-ray,Computed tomography scan,Pediatric,Thoracic mass,Ultrasound
https://ijp.mums.ac.ir/article_12837.html
https://ijp.mums.ac.ir/article_12837_72a545fe42bcbbc0a9fb29883dcc521c.pdf
Mashhad University of Medical Sciences
International Journal of Pediatrics
2345-5047
2345-5055
7
8
2019
08
01
The Status of Providing Feedback in Clinical Education from the Perspective of Pediatric Residents and Medical Students at Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Iran
9929
9937
EN
Amir Hossein
Molkizadeh
0000-0002-6283-9480
Department of Law, Mashhad Branch, Islamic Azad University, Mashhad, Iran.
amirhmolkizade@gmail.com
Mohammad Ali
Kiani
0000-0002-7869-0828
Associate Professor of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
kianima@mums.ac.ir
Amer
Yazdanparast
Assistant Professor of Pediatric Cardiology, Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr, Iran.
yazdanparast1964@gmail.com
Jalal
Shojaat
Head of Salman Farsi Hospital, Bushehr, Iran.
jalalshojat2016@gmail.com
Masumeh
Saeidi
0000-0001-5601-9876
Department of Medical Education, Faculty of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
saeidi.masumeh20@gmail.com
10.22038/ijp.2019.42201.3550
Introduction: Feedback is a conscious, unbiased, and objective evaluation of performance in order to improve clinical skills, not to assess students' personal talents and values. This study aims to compare the views of pediatric residents and general medical students at Mashhad University of Medical Sciences regarding method of providing feedback in clinical education.<br />Method: This cross-sectional study was conducted in the pediatric ward of hospitals affiliated to Mashhad University of Medical Sciences in 2018. The census method was used to select 35 pediatric residents and simple random sampling method was used to select 35 general medical students who had completed internship and apprenticeship. Data collection was carried out using a standard 21-item feedback questionnaire. Pediatric residents and general medical students were asked to identify the importance of feedback received during their clinical education using a 4-point Likert scale.<br />Results: The majority of residents believe that feedback was only sometimes expected (27.1%), clearly and explicitly outlined (17.1%), fair (21.4%), and useful in correcting their attitude (18.6%), performance (17.1%), and behavior (27.1%). Majority of general medical students believed that clear, explicit (24.3%) feedback was related with their future career (14.3%) and most of them received positive feedbacks (20). Apart from propositions items 20, 18, and 17, most medical students and residents have selected the Often and Sometimes options, respectively to respond to items.<br />Conclusion: Pediatric residents were less satisfied with the feedback received during the clinical education as compared to the general medical students.
Clinical education,Feedback,Pediatric Resident,Medical student
https://ijp.mums.ac.ir/article_13555.html
https://ijp.mums.ac.ir/article_13555_db434095f35693c7fc893b8403aaaf76.pdf
Mashhad University of Medical Sciences
International Journal of Pediatrics
2345-5047
2345-5055
7
8
2019
08
01
The Effect of Interventions on Breastfeeding Self-efficacy by Using Bandura's Theory in Iranian Mothers: A Systematic Review
9939
9954
EN
Vida
Ghasemi
0000-0002-9966-1604
Ph.D Candidate of Reproductive Health, Student Research Committee, Midwifery and Reproductive Health Research Center, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
vidaghasemi89@gmail.com
Masoumeh
Simbar
0000-0003-2843-3150
Professor, Midwifery and Reproductive Health Research Center, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
msimbar@gmail.com
Mojdeh
Banaei
0000-0003-4929-7645
Ph.D Student of Reproductive Health, Midwifery and Reproductive Health Research Center, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
mojdeh.banaei@gmail.com
Marzieh
Saei Ghare Naz
0000-0002-1259-2459
Ph.D Candidate of Reproductive Health, Student Research Committee, Midwifery and Reproductive Health Research Center, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
saeigarenaz@gmail.com
Zahra
Jahani
MSc of Midwifery, Instructor, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Isfahan Islamic Azad University (Khorasgan) Branch, Isfahan, Iran.
mid.jahani@khusif.ac.ir
Haniyeh
Nazem
0000-0003-3600-0830
MSc of Legal Medical Midwife, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
haniyeh_nz@yahoo.com
10.22038/ijp.2019.40842.3446
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><strong><em>Background</em></strong><strong>:</strong> Breastfeeding self-efficacy is a psychological effective factor on initiation and duration of breastfeeding, which according to Bandura's theory, is affected by four sources including performance accomplishments, vicarious experiences, verbal persuasion, and the emotional/physiological responses. We aimed to systematically review the effect of interventions using Bandura's self-efficacy theory on breastfeeding self-efficacy in Iranian mothers. </span><br /> <span style="font-size: x-small;"><strong><em>Materials and Methods</em></strong><strong>:</strong> In this systematic review, all interventional studies from 1990 to May 2019, were searched in Web of Science, Scopus, EMBASE, Cochrane library and Medline databases as International databases and SID, Magiran and Irondoc as National databases by using English and Persian related keywords. Two reviewers studied the full text of the articles and their main findings were extracted and categorized. Quality assessment of studies was checked and verified by two authors independently based on the Effective Public Health Practice Project (EPHPP) tool.</span><br /> <span style="font-size: x-small;"><strong><em>Results</em></strong><strong>: </strong>Finally, 21 articles (2,661 samples) which met inclusion criteria were investigated and reviewed in 5-domain that include performance accomplishments, vicarious experiences, verbal persuasion, and the emotional/physiological responses as well as interventions by using a combination of the 4 sources. The results of our review showed that mothers in intervention groups had significantly higher breastfeeding self-efficacy score compared to the control group. In addition, interventions by using verbal persuasion (52%, n=1660) are the most common and effective.</span><br /> <span style="font-size: x-small;"><strong><em>Conclusion:</em></strong>The results showed that intervention with the use of Bandura's self-efficacy theory improves the breastfeeding self-efficacy. Due to the impact of these interventions on the initiation and duration of breastfeeding, simple and cost-effective, the implementation of theory-based interventions to improve breastfeeding self-efficacy in hospitals and health centers seems to be necessary.</span><br />
Breast-feeding,Iran,mothers,Self-efficacy,Systematic review
https://ijp.mums.ac.ir/article_13272.html
https://ijp.mums.ac.ir/article_13272_84ba5b38d2ac2c2ba4c754ae563d06b0.pdf
Mashhad University of Medical Sciences
International Journal of Pediatrics
2345-5047
2345-5055
7
8
2019
08
01
Comparison of CNS Relapse, Survival and Intelligent Quotient in Non-High Risk ALL Children Treated with Intrathecal Methotrexate or Triple Intrathecal Therapy
9955
9965
EN
Nahid
Raeissi
0000-0002-1240-0330
Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, Child Growth and Development Research Center and Isfahan Immunodeficiency Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
reisi@med.mui.ac.ir
Alireza
Moafi
Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, Child Growth and Development Research Center and Isfahan Immunodeficiency Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
moafi@med.mui.ac.ir
Narges
Alikhasi
Department of Pediatric, Assistant Professor of Pediatrics, Imam Hussein Hospital, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
anarges483@gmail.com
10.22038/ijp.2019.40438.3419
<span style="font-size: x-small; background-color: #ffffff;"><strong><em><span style="font-family: Times New Roman;">Background </span></em></strong></span><br /> <span style="color: black; font-size: x-small; background-color: #ffffff;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman;">Compared to intrathecal methotrexate (IT MTX), triple intrathecal therapy (TIT) has shown promising results in decreasing central nervous system (CNS) relapse in children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). We aimed to compare these two IT regimens in terms of CNS relapse, survival, and IQ in Iranian non-high risk ALL children.</span></span><br /> <span style="font-size: x-small; background-color: #ffffff;"><strong><em><span style="font-family: Times New Roman;">Materials and Methods </span></em></strong></span><br /> <span style="color: black; font-size: x-small; background-color: #ffffff;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman;">In a two phases clinical trial study, 203 children with non-high risk ALL, aged 1-10 years at diagnosis, who were previously treated with the same systemic protocol but with two different IT regimens, based on IT regimen allocated to IT MTX (n = 109) and TIT (n = 84) groups were studied. In phase 1, isolated CNS relapses (i-CNS) and five-year survival of the two groups was compared, and in phase 2, IQ score of survivors of two groups was measured and compared.</span></span><br /> <span style="font-size: x-small; background-color: #ffffff;"><strong><em><span style="font-family: Times New Roman;">Results </span></em></strong></span><br /> <span style="font-size: x-small; background-color: #ffffff;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman;">The overall rate of i-CNS relapse was 13.8% and the incidence of i-CNS relapse in contrast to other areas in the IT MTX group, was higher than in the TIT group (17.4% vs. 9.6%; P= 0.03). Most i-CNS relapses were asymptomatic and "early" and there was no significant relation between IT formulation and secondary relapse and mortality rate in patients with i-CNS relapse (P> 0.05). The 5-year survival of TIT group was more than the IT MTX group (80.9% vs.70.6%; P=0.04), but the mean scores of full-scale, verbal, and performance IQ (except cubes) were not significantly different in the two groups. </span></span><br /> <span style="font-size: x-small; background-color: #ffffff;"><strong><em><span style="font-family: Times New Roman;">Conclusion </span></em></strong></span><br /> <span style="font-size: x-small;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman;"><span style="background-color: #ffffff;">Based on the results, TIT regimen compared to IT MTX reduced i-CNS relapse and increased 5-year survival in Iranian children with ALL but had no significant differences in total IQ score.</span> </span></span>
Children,Leukemia,Therapeutics,Recurrence,Survival
https://ijp.mums.ac.ir/article_13250.html
https://ijp.mums.ac.ir/article_13250_7bd5802d0bcbdbcabcf9e7ecf3ed4d1d.pdf
Mashhad University of Medical Sciences
International Journal of Pediatrics
2345-5047
2345-5055
7
8
2019
08
01
Flow Cytometric Determination of Neutrophil CD64 (nCD64) in Children with Community Acquired Pneumonia
9967
9975
EN
Abdelhakeem
Abdelmohsen
0000-0001-8108-0660
Pediatric Department, Minia University, Egypt.
aboueyad1@yahoo.com
Emad
Allam
Clinical Pathology Department, Minia University, Egypt.
10.22038/ijp.2019.40649.3427
<strong><em><span style="font-family: Times New Roman;">Background</span></em></strong><br /> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman;">The expression of CD64 in neutrophils (nCD64) has shown utility in the diagnosis of sepsis. The aim of this study was to evaluate the diagnostic value of neutrophil CD64 in pneumonia as an early marker for infection and correlate its level with the outcome of pneumonia. </span><br /> <strong><em><span style="font-family: Times New Roman;">Materials and Methods</span></em></strong><br /> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman;">Forty children diagnosed as pneumonia and admitted at pediatric department, Minia University Children’s Hospital, Egypt, were included in the study and another forty apparently healthy children served as controls. Both patients and controls were subjected to complete blood counts (CBC), quantitative C-reactive protein (CRP), arterial blood gases (ABG), and determination of CD64 expression on neutrophils by flow cytometry.</span><br /> <strong><em><span style="font-family: Times New Roman;">Results</span></em></strong><br /> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman;">The absolute count of nCD64 in patients with community acquired pneumonia was (1140±109.7) (RFU), significantly higher than in controls (327.3± 25.7) (RFU) (p=0.001). Significant positive correlations were found between CD64 and CRP (p=0.001, r=0.76) and total leucocytic count of patients (p=0.01, r=0.76). Significant negative correlations were present between CD64 and platelet count (p=0.008, r= - 0.7), age (p=0.001, r= - 0.9) and weight (p=0.01, r= - 0.8), respectively. </span><br /> <strong><em><span style="font-family: Times New Roman;">Conclusion</span></em></strong><br /> Determination of peripheral blood neutrophil CD64 is sensitive and specific for early diagnosis of pneumonia and high level is associated with clinical deterioration and poor outcomes.
Children,C-reactive protein,CD64 in neutrophils,Pneumonia
https://ijp.mums.ac.ir/article_13270.html
https://ijp.mums.ac.ir/article_13270_e4da4aa6453780e5b62bca90e899348e.pdf
Mashhad University of Medical Sciences
International Journal of Pediatrics
2345-5047
2345-5055
7
8
2019
08
01
The Factors Determining the Physical Activity of Students: A Systematic Review
9977
9985
EN
Ali
Ramezankhani
0000 0001 9180 4386
School of Public Health and Safety, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
aramezankhani@sbmu.ac.ir
Mansoure
Alipour anbarani
0000 0002 9563 7383
Ph.D Student, Student Research Committee, Department of Health Education & Health Promotion, School of Public Health and Safety, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
alipoor.he@gmail.com
Masumeh
Saeidi
0000-0001-5601-9876
Department of Medical Education, Faculty of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
masumeh.saeidi20@gmail.com
10.22038/ijp.2019.41932.3533
<strong><em><span style="font-family: Times New Roman;">Background</span></em></strong><br /> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman;">Physical activity in students in addition to positively affecting their different health aspects is also effective in academic progress and reducing absence from school. Physical activity in students is affected by several factors. The aim of this systematic review research was to identify the factors determining physical activities in students.</span><br /> <strong><em><span style="font-family: Times New Roman;">Materials and Methods</span></em></strong><br /> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman;">The search for detecting relevant studies was performed in electronic databases within the time range of 2008-2018. The studies were searched in Google scholar, Medline, Cochran, Scopus, EMBASE, and Web of Science. Studies meeting the inclusion criteria were included in the review. Assessment of the quality of papers was performed using New Castle-Ottawa (BOS) scale. Then, the required information was extracted and the results were reported qualitatively.</span><br /> <strong><em><span style="font-family: Times New Roman;">Results</span></em></strong><br /> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman;">A total of 12 studies (including 41,407 year-old students) were enrolled in the research according to inclusion criteria. The demographic factors associated with physical activity included age, gender, academic degree of parents and economic status. On the other hand, the psychological factors were supported by parents, support of friends, and lack of time due to school homework, computer games, sense of laziness and self-efficacy, which had a relationship with physical activity of students. Further, the environmental determinants included climatic conditions, sports facilities and equipment, and lighting of passages.</span><br /> <strong><em><span style="font-family: Times New Roman;">Conclusion</span></em></strong><br /> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman;">In students' physical activity, factors such as demographic, psychological, and environmental factors are involved. Identification of these factors can be used in health promotion interventions and planning for students.</span>
Physical Activity,Students,Systematic review
https://ijp.mums.ac.ir/article_13505.html
https://ijp.mums.ac.ir/article_13505_626bd09ef0ec87de8739eddf216f0327.pdf
Mashhad University of Medical Sciences
International Journal of Pediatrics
2345-5047
2345-5055
7
8
2019
08
01
Growth Assessment and Vitamin D Level in Egyptian Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis Patients
9987
9995
EN
Rasha
Abdel-magied
Assistant Professor of Rheumatology and Rehabilitation, Faculty of Medicine, Minia University, Minia, Egypt.
rashahazem@yahoo.com
Gihan
Omar
Professor of Rheumatology and Rehabilitation, Faculty of Medicine, Minia University, Minia, Egypt.
gihan_omar@hotmail.com
Sheren
Maher
0000-0001-6497-2704
Assistant Professor of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Minia University, Minia, Egypt.
sherenesammaher@yahoo.com
10.22038/ijp.2019.41070.3460
<strong><em><span style="font-family: Times New Roman;">Background</span></em></strong><br /> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman;">Juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) is one of the most common rheumatic diseases in childhood and is frequently associated with growth retardation. Vitamin D is critical to bone mineral metabolism and to the growth and development of the skeleton. We aimed to evaluate growth pattern and Vitamin D level in patients with JIA and its different subtypes.</span><br /> <strong><em><span style="font-family: Times New Roman;">Materials and Methods</span></em></strong><br /> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman;">80 JIA patients and 80 healthy controls were included. For all patients and controls we assessed body weight, standing height, body mass index (BMI), Serum 25(OH) D3. Thyroid function tests were assessed to exclude patients with hypothyroidism or autoimmune thyroiditis, liver and renal function tests, calcium, phosphorus, alkaline phosphatase, fasting blood sugar were done to evaluate other causes of short stature.</span><br /> <strong><em><span style="font-family: Times New Roman;">Results</span></em></strong><br /> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman;">JIA patients' mean height, weight, and BMI were significantly lower compared to controls (135.4±22.1 vs. 145.7±21.8, p=0.042 for height), (34.6±13.6 vs. 39.8±11.4, p=0.039 for weight) and (18.52±3.96 vs. 21.73±5.43, p= 0.041 for BMI). Mean serum 25(OH) D3 level was significantly lower in JIA patients than controls (15.69±6.6 ng/ml vs. 31.62±4.9 ng/ml, p<0.0001), patients with systemic onset and seropositive polyarthritis (RF positive) have the lowest 25(OH) D3 level compared with other JIA subtypes. There was significant negative correlation between steroid dose, duration and JIA patients' height (r= -0.456, p=0.017 and r=-0.776, p=0.001 respectively). Serum 25 (OH) D3 level was significantly correlated with patients' height and BMI (r=0.33, p=0.029 and r=0.32, p=0.043).</span><br /> <strong><em><span style="font-family: Times New Roman;">Conclusion</span></em></strong><br /> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman;">The nutritional status of JIA patients is multi-factorial. Onset subtype and low level of vitamin D were found to have an effect on growth parameters as height and body mass index in patients with juvenile idiopathic arthritis. </span>
Egypt,Juvenile idiopathic arthritis,Growth,Vitamin D
https://ijp.mums.ac.ir/article_13400.html
https://ijp.mums.ac.ir/article_13400_22d429488498e1c1342ac5b649da07b2.pdf
Mashhad University of Medical Sciences
International Journal of Pediatrics
2345-5047
2345-5055
7
8
2019
08
01
Cystic Fibrosis Patients Evaluation in the Last Decades in a Referral Center, Tehran-Iran
9997
10007
EN
Maryam
Hassanzad
0000-0001-7164-0599
Pediatric Respiratory Disease Research Center, National Research Institute of Tuberculosis and Lung Diseases (NRITLD), Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
mar_hassanzad@yahoo.com
Masoumeh
Ansari
2Clinical Research Development Unit, Kowsar Hospital, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran.
a_valinejad@razi.tums.ac.ir
Ali
Valinejadi
0000-0003-4414-2732
Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Department of Health Information Technology, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran.
valinejadi.a@semums.ac.ir
Seyed Javad
Sayedi
0000-0002-1884-8486
Assistant Prof of Pediatric Pulmonology, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
sayedij@mums.ac.ir
Ali Akbar
Velayati
0000-0001-9398-5838
Mycobacteriology Research Center, National Research Institute of Tuberculosis and Lung Diseases (NRITLD), Masih Daneshvari Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
prdrc.nritld@gmail.com
10.22038/ijp.2019.40329.3416
<strong><em><span style="font-family: Times New Roman;">Background</span></em></strong><br /> Cystic fibrosis (CF) is the most prevalent lethal chronic genetic and multivariate <span style="font-family: Times New Roman;">disease, widespread in Iranian population</span>. The aim of this study was to evaluate the condition of patients with CF from various dimensions in the last decades in Iran.<br /> <strong><em><span style="font-family: Times New Roman;">Materials and Methods</span></em></strong><br /> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman;">In this cross<strong>-</strong><em>sectional study the data were collected from </em>disease registry<em>database of CF patients in Pediatric Respiratory Disease Research Center in Masih Daneshvari, Tehran, Iran. The patients were divided into female and male.</em>The data were collected based on province, birthplace province, marital status, and degree of education, parental consanguinity ratio, age, and age of onset of symptoms, age of onset of diagnosis and body mass index (BMI). </span><br /> <strong><em><span style="font-family: Times New Roman;">Results</span></em></strong><br /> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman;">Majority of patients (n=169, 59.3%) were male, born in Tehran province (n=81, 28.4%), and live in Tehran province (n=102, 35.8%). Majority of parents (61.1%, n=174) had consanguineous relation and the rest (n=94, 33%) did not have any consanguineous relation. Results show that mean of age, age of diagnosis, mean for expression of first symptoms and mean of time interval between the onset of symptoms and the diagnosis of the disease were 14.52, 2.51, 6.57, and 4.07 years, respectively. Results showed that high percentage of patients (n=191, 67%) had lower BMI (<18.50), and low percentage (n=3, 1.1%) showed higher BMI (>25). Correlation coefficient also showed positive relation between start age of symptoms and diagnosis age of disease.</span><br /> <strong><em><span style="font-family: Times New Roman;">Conclusion</span></em></strong><br /> In Iran, CF is a multisystem disease and age for its expression is different. Since mean for time interval between the onset of symptoms and the diagnosis of the disease
Children,Cystic fibrosis,Growth pattern,Iran,Symptoms
https://ijp.mums.ac.ir/article_13246.html
https://ijp.mums.ac.ir/article_13246_f6dba459a25da60cd783667e8cec5b9f.pdf