Maple Syrup Urine Disease Induced Grand Mal Seizures: A Case Report

Authors

1 Department of Pharmacy Practice, National College of Pharmacy, Calicut, Kerala, India.

2 Department of Paediatrics, KMCT Woman and Child Hospital, Calicut, Kerala, India.

Abstract

Background
Maple Syrup Urine Disease (MSUD) is a rare autosomal recessive metabolic error, characterized by Branched Chain α-Keto-acid Dehydrogenase Complex (BCKDC) deficiency. Mutations in 3 genes can lead to abnormal metabolism and accumulation of leucine, isoleucine, valine and corresponding keto-acids. MSUD affects 1 in 185,000 infants globally. Seizure is a common presentation among neonates. However, in intermediate MSUD, seizures have a delayed and insidious onset, along with developmental   
Case Report
We report a case of grand mal seizures in a patient with intermediate MSUD, presenting with multiple episodes of seizure, dystonia, spastic quadriplegia, involuntary micturition and oculogyric crisis.Seizures were managed successfully with intravenous lorazepam and other supportive measures. The patient was advised to strictly adhere to branched chain amino acid restricted diet.
Conclusion
This case report emphasizes on the importance of medication adherence and dietary restrictions to prevent permanent psychomotor damage or death.

Keywords

International Journal of Pediatrics

Volume 6, Issue 7 - Serial Number 55
July 2018
Pages 7999-8002

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