International Journal of Pediatrics

Investigating of Moral Distress and Attitude to Euthanasia in the Intensive Care Unit Nurses

Jila Alborzi; Fahimeh Sabeti; Shahram Baraz; Mojtaba Miladinia; Vahid Saidkhani; Asaad Sharhani

Volume 6, Issue 11 , November 2018, , Pages 8475-8482

https://doi.org/10.22038/ijp.2018.28177.2439

Abstract

Background: Considering the religious and legal structures in Iran, the occurrence of euthanasia seems to be impossible; however, the attitude of nurses towards euthanasia and its related ... Read More Background: Considering the religious and legal structures in Iran, the occurrence of euthanasia seems to be impossible; however, the attitude of nurses towards euthanasia and its related factors may also affect creating moral distress conditions for nurses. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate of the moral distress and attitude of Adult and Neonatal Intensive Care Units (AICU/ NICU) nurses toward euthanasia. Materials and Methods: In this descriptive-analytical study, all the nurses working in intensive care units of Educational Hospitals affiliated with Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences (Ahvaz city, Iran) were selected by census. Data were collected using Corley's Moral Distress Scale and Holloway’s Euthanasia Attitude Scale. Single-variable and multivariate linear regression tests were used to analyze the data and to determine the relationships between independent and dependent variables. Analyses were done using SPSS software (version 22).Results: The attitude of all nurses towards euthanasia was negative (min score=20, max score=73, mean score= 43.78±7.99). The mean Moral distress frequency and Moral distress intensify were 47.01±12.90 and 48.42±11.62, respectively (indicates moderate ethical distress). In AICU nurses, there was a significant relationship between the frequency of moral distress and the nurses’ attitudes. However, there was no significant relationship between the intensity of moral distress and the nurses’ attitudes. In NICU nurses, there was no significant relationship between the frequency of moral distress and intensity of moral distress with nurses’ attitude toward euthanasia. Conclusion: The religious and cultural conditions of the country have caused all nurses did not consider euthanasia to be acceptable under any circumstances. Further studies are needed to better understand the attitude of nurses towards euthanasia, especially with regard to the culture of Iranian society.

A Comparative Study of the Situation of Bereavement Care for Children with Cancer in Iran with Selected Countries

Maryam Pakseresht; Shahram Baraz; Maryam Rasouli; Nahid Reje; Shahnaz Rostami

Volume 6, Issue 2 , February 2018, , Pages 7253-7263

https://doi.org/10.22038/ijp.2017.27305.2354

Abstract

BackgroundDeath of a child with cancer is one of the most painful events that results in traumatic reactions of bereavement. Care should be taken into account during the bereavement ... Read More

The Effect of Phone Counseling for Mothers of Premature Infants Discharged from the Hospital on Infants’ Readmission

Mona Akbarian; Forouzandeh Dashti; Shahram Baraz

Volume 5, Issue 8 , August 2017, , Pages 5441-5450

https://doi.org/10.22038/ijp.2017.24329.2054

Abstract

Background Despite the progress made in the care transition program from the hospital to home with an emphasis on telephone counseling, an effective and safe care transition process ... Read More Background Despite the progress made in the care transition program from the hospital to home with an emphasis on telephone counseling, an effective and safe care transition process has not been provided to patients and their families.The aim of this study was to investigate The Effect of Phone Counseling for Mothers of Premature Infants Discharged from the Hospital on Infants’ Readmission. Materials and Methods In this quasi experimental study, 100 mothers of premature infants were selected using convenient sampling and randomly assigned to two intervention and control groups. A demographic data questionnaire and the check list of the causes and readmission rate of premature infants were used for data collection. In the intervention group, after the discharge of premature infants, three phone calls in a week in the first four weeks, and two phone calls a week in weeks five to six were made via the landline and mobile phone for providing necessary education to mothers regarding the provision of care to infants. The communication time varied between 10 and 15 minutes in each phone call. Lastly, the rate of hospital readmission of the infants 4 weeks, 6 weeks, and 12 weeks after the intervention were assessed by phone. Telephone communication to the mothers in the control group was performed for raising their awareness of the causes and rate of hospital readmission in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU). Results: Each group (case and control groups) was consisted of 50 Mothers of Premature Infants and no statistically significant difference was reported between the two groups in terms of the mean age mothers, infant age, and birth weight when discharging from the hospital and hospitalization time. The rate of hospital readmission in the intervention group 4 weeks (P=0.004), six weeks (P=0.005) and 12 weeks (P=0.006) after the intervention was significantly lower than the control group. Conclusion Telephone consultations are an affordable way for engaging and supporting the mothers of premature infants. More study is warranted to determine if these results can be applied to multiple sites and in more diverse populations, as well as if this intervention can reduce infants’ Readmission.

Comparison of Body Image and its Relationship with Body Mass Index (BMI) in High School Students of Ahvaz, Iran

Mahsa Behdarvandi; Mehrdad Azarbarzin; Shahram Baraz

Volume 5, Issue 2 , February 2017, , Pages 4353-4360

https://doi.org/10.22038/ijp.2016.7627

Abstract

BackgroundIt is not clearly specified that which of the components of body mass index (BMI) affect body image and which of them do not. Given that having information in this regard ... Read More BackgroundIt is not clearly specified that which of the components of body mass index (BMI) affect body image and which of them do not. Given that having information in this regard is of special importance as a basis for future planning for adolescents, the present research aimed to compare body image in female and male adolescents and study its relationship with body mass index in high school students of Ahwaz, Khuzestan Province in the academic year 2015-2016.Materials and MethodsIn this descriptive-analytic study, 200 high school students were selected as the sample using the random cluster sampling method. The required data were collected using demographic questionnaire, anthropometric data checklist (height and weight), and the Multidimensional Body-Self Relations Questionnaire (MBSRQ). All descriptive and inferential statistics tests were performed using SPSS-17 at a confidence level of 95%.Results: The students ranged from 15 to 18 years old. Equal distribution was employed among all four grades of high school. Body mass index (BMI) in male students showed a significant inverse relationship only with appearance orientation (P<0.05, r = -0.238) and body image (P<0.05, r = -0.200). In female high school students, BMI was scientifically related to appearance evaluation (P<0.05, r = -0.354), appearance orientation (P<0.05, r = -0.219), body areas satisfaction (P<0.05, r = -0.257), and body image (P<0.05, r = -0.286). Body Image was significantly greater in female than the male students by controlling BMI.Conclusion: Overweight and obesity are considered important factors affecting the physical and mental health, including satisfaction with body image, among adolescent girls. Women’s extreme attention to their body leaves a negative impact on their attitude toward their body and body value. Therefore, promotion of a healthy body image should be integrated across all interventions aimed to address obesity and other health-related concerns among adolescents.

Relationship between Features of Desks and Chairs and Prevalence of Skeletal Disorders in Primary School Students in Abadan

Yadollah Zakeri; Mahin Gheibizadeh; Shahram Baraz; Darioush Bijan Nejad; Saied Mahmood Latifi

Volume 4, Issue 11 , November 2016, , Pages 3949-3956

https://doi.org/10.22038/ijp.2016.7860

Abstract

BackgroundSitting on inappropriate benches, as well as the poor posture (body position) during the years of growth, can lead to spinal disorders, fatigue and discomfort in students. ... Read More

Relationship between Backpack Weight and Prevalence of Lordosis, Kyphosis, Scoliosis and Dropped Shoulders in Elementary Students

Yadollah Zakeri; Shahram Baraz; Mahin Gheibizadeh; Vahid Saidkhani

Volume 4, Issue 6 , June 2016, , Pages 1859-1866

https://doi.org/10.22038/ijp.2016.6846

Abstract

Background Carrying heavy backpacks by school students at growth age can cause irreversible physical harms. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between backpack weight ... Read More

A Comparison of Quality of Life between Adolescences with Beta Thalassemia Major and their Healthy Peers

Shahram Baraz; Mojtaba Miladinia; Elham Mosavinouri

Volume 4, Issue 1 , January 2016, , Pages 1195-1204

https://doi.org/10.22038/ijp.2016.6228

Abstract

Background The chronic genetic blood disorder, thalassemia, affects Quality of life (QOL) negatively. Regarding this, if adolescences with thalassemia are treated well, they will grow ... Read More

Prevalence of Musculoskeletal Disorders in Primary School Students in Abadan-Iran in 2014

Yadollah Zakeri; Shahram Baraz; Mahin Gheibizadeh; Darioush Bijan Nejad; Saied Mahmood Latifi

Volume 4, Issue 1 , January 2016, , Pages 1215-1223

https://doi.org/10.22038/ijp.2016.6265

Abstract

Background If skeletal system does not have a correct form in childhood, certainly person will face many problems in the later stages of life. This study aimed to evaluate the prevalence ... Read More

Sudden Infant Death Syndrome: Risk Factors and the Relationship between Them

Mojtaba Miladinia; Shahram Baraz; Elham Mousavi Nouri

Volume 3, Issue 6.2 , December 2015, , Pages 1103-1110

https://doi.org/10.22038/ijp.2015.5724

Abstract

Background:Infant mortality is often used as a standard measure of a population’s health. Until cause of Sudden Infant Death Syndrome is unknown (SIDS), the best strategy to decrease ... Read More

Effects of Slow-stroke Back Massage on Chemotherapy-induced Nausea and Vomiting in the Pediatrics with Acute Leukemia: a Challenge of Controlling Symptoms

Mojtaba Miladinia; Shahram Baraz; Elham Mousavi Nouri; Mehdi Gholamzadeh Baeis

Volume 3, Issue 6.2 , December 2015, , Pages 1145-1152

https://doi.org/10.22038/ijp.2015.6134

Abstract

Introduction Nausea and vomiting are the most common side effects of chemotherapy in the pediatrics with cancer which affect their quality of life. Use of some methods of complementary ... Read More Introduction Nausea and vomiting are the most common side effects of chemotherapy in the pediatrics with cancer which affect their quality of life. Use of some methods of complementary medicine in leukemia patients is problematic. Because, leukemia patients are at risk of infection and bleeding, therefore the use of acupressure, acupuncture, and deep massage can be risky in these patients. Slow- stroke back massage is applied on the surface of body, so does not have complications. No study has addressed the effect of massage therapy on chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting in pediatrics with acute leukemia in the world. Material and methods This study was a two-group randomized controlled trial (RCT), double blind and repeated measures design. In this RCT, 45 school age children with acute leukemia were placed in the massage and control groups. Before start of the study, at the day of chemotherapy administration (day 1th), only nausea and vomiting were measured. Then during 6 days next (day 2 through 7), the intervention group received 5-minutes Super Smash Bros. Melee (SSBM), immediately before start of each session of chemotherapy. Nausea was measured during chemotherapy, 0.5 h and 3 h after each session of chemotherapy in the two groups. Also vomiting was recorded during 24 h after each session of chemotherapy. Repeated measures ANOVA, Chi-square, and t-test were used for analysis. Results Most of pediatrics were male (58.13%), and suffered from Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) (81.7%). The repeated measure analysis showed that in the intervention group, the SSBM reduced progressive mean of nausea severity and frequency of vomit over time. While, this side effects have slightly increased over time in the control group. Conclusion The results of this study are suggesting that SSBM, as a non-pharmacologic, easy and safe method, is effective in controlling Chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting (CINV) in the pediatrics with acute leukemia.

International Journal of Pediatrics

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Author = Baraz, Shahram

Investigating of Moral Distress and Attitude to Euthanasia in the Intensive Care Unit Nurses

Abstract

A Comparative Study of the Situation of Bereavement Care for Children with Cancer in Iran with Selected Countries

Abstract

The Effect of Phone Counseling for Mothers of Premature Infants Discharged from the Hospital on Infants’ Readmission

Abstract

Comparison of Body Image and its Relationship with Body Mass Index (BMI) in High School Students of Ahvaz, Iran

Abstract

Relationship between Features of Desks and Chairs and Prevalence of Skeletal Disorders in Primary School Students in Abadan

Abstract

Relationship between Backpack Weight and Prevalence of Lordosis, Kyphosis, Scoliosis and Dropped Shoulders in Elementary Students

Abstract

A Comparison of Quality of Life between Adolescences with Beta Thalassemia Major and their Healthy Peers

Abstract

Prevalence of Musculoskeletal Disorders in Primary School Students in Abadan-Iran in 2014

Abstract

Sudden Infant Death Syndrome: Risk Factors and the Relationship between Them

Abstract

Effects of Slow-stroke Back Massage on Chemotherapy-induced Nausea and Vomiting in the Pediatrics with Acute Leukemia: a Challenge of Controlling Symptoms

Abstract