International Journal of Pediatrics

Multidrug Resistance in Infants and Children

Gian Maria Pacifici

Volume 6, Issue 2 , February 2018, , Pages 7055-7080

https://doi.org/10.22038/ijp.2018.29166.2546

Abstract

Bacterial infections may cause disease and death. Infants and children are often subject to bacterial infections. Antimicrobials kill bacteria protecting the infected patients andreducing ... Read More Bacterial infections may cause disease and death. Infants and children are often subject to bacterial infections. Antimicrobials kill bacteria protecting the infected patients andreducing the risk of morbidity and mortality caused by bacteria. The antibiotics may lose their antibacterial activity when they become resistant to a bacteria. The resistance to different antibiotics in a bacteria is named multidrug-resistance. Gram-negative bacilli, especially Escherichia coli, Klebsiella, Enterobacter, Salmonella, Shigella, Pseudomonas, Streptococcus, and Haemophilus influenzae type b, may become resistant. Amikacin ampicillin, amoxicillin, amoxiclav, cefuroxime, cefotaxime, ceftazidime, cefoperazone tetracycline, chloramphenicol, ciprofloxacin, and gentamicin may cause bacterial-resistance. Resistance to bacteria for several pathogens makes complications in the treatment of infections caused by them. Salmonella strains may become resistant to ampicillin, cephalotin, ceftriaxone, gentamicin, amikacin, trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, chloramphenicol, and tetracycline. Shigella strains may become resistant to ampicillin, cotrimoxazole, chloramphenicol, and streptomycin. Multidrug-resistance of Streptococcus pneumoniae may be due to β-lactams, macrolides, tetracycline, chloramphenicol, and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole. Multidrug-resistance of Pseudomonas aeruginosa may become resistant to β-lactams, chloramphenicol, trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, and tetracycline. The antibacterial activity against Haemophilus strains may occur with ampicillin, sulbactam-ampicillin, trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, gentamicin, chloramphenicol, and ciprofloxacin. Multidrug-resistance of the Klebsiella species may be due with ampicillin, cefotaxime, cefuroxime, co-amxilav, mezlocillin, chloramphenicol, gentamicin, and ceftazidime. Multidrug-resistance of Escherichia coli may be caused by ampicillin, cotrimoxazole, chloramphenicol, ceftriaxone, and ceftazidime. Vibrio cholera may become resistant to cotrimoxazole, chloramphenicol, ampicillin, with least resistance to erythromicin, tetracycline, and ciprofloxacin. The aim of this study is to review the published data on the resistance of different antimicrobials in infants and children.

The Study of Nosocomial Infections in Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, A prospective study in Northwest Iran

Mohammad Bagher Hosseini; Babak Abdinia; Mohammad Ahangarzadeh Rezaee; Shahram Abdoli oskouie

Volume 2, Issue 3.2 , August 2014, , Pages 25-33

https://doi.org/10.22038/ijp.2014.2837

Abstract

Background: Nosocomial infections are an important cause of mortality in neonatal intensive care units (NICUs). Therefore, in this study, the incidence and prevalence of nosocomial ... Read More

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Keywords = Infections

Multidrug Resistance in Infants and Children

Abstract

The Study of Nosocomial Infections in Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, A prospective study in Northwest Iran

Abstract