International Journal of Pediatrics

Multidrug Resistance in Infants and Children

Gian Maria Pacifici

Volume 6, Issue 2 , February 2018, , Pages 7055-7080

https://doi.org/10.22038/ijp.2018.29166.2546

Abstract

Bacterial infections may cause disease and death. Infants and children are often subject to bacterial infections. Antimicrobials kill bacteria protecting the infected patients andreducing ... Read More Bacterial infections may cause disease and death. Infants and children are often subject to bacterial infections. Antimicrobials kill bacteria protecting the infected patients andreducing the risk of morbidity and mortality caused by bacteria. The antibiotics may lose their antibacterial activity when they become resistant to a bacteria. The resistance to different antibiotics in a bacteria is named multidrug-resistance. Gram-negative bacilli, especially Escherichia coli, Klebsiella, Enterobacter, Salmonella, Shigella, Pseudomonas, Streptococcus, and Haemophilus influenzae type b, may become resistant. Amikacin ampicillin, amoxicillin, amoxiclav, cefuroxime, cefotaxime, ceftazidime, cefoperazone tetracycline, chloramphenicol, ciprofloxacin, and gentamicin may cause bacterial-resistance. Resistance to bacteria for several pathogens makes complications in the treatment of infections caused by them. Salmonella strains may become resistant to ampicillin, cephalotin, ceftriaxone, gentamicin, amikacin, trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, chloramphenicol, and tetracycline. Shigella strains may become resistant to ampicillin, cotrimoxazole, chloramphenicol, and streptomycin. Multidrug-resistance of Streptococcus pneumoniae may be due to β-lactams, macrolides, tetracycline, chloramphenicol, and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole. Multidrug-resistance of Pseudomonas aeruginosa may become resistant to β-lactams, chloramphenicol, trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, and tetracycline. The antibacterial activity against Haemophilus strains may occur with ampicillin, sulbactam-ampicillin, trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, gentamicin, chloramphenicol, and ciprofloxacin. Multidrug-resistance of the Klebsiella species may be due with ampicillin, cefotaxime, cefuroxime, co-amxilav, mezlocillin, chloramphenicol, gentamicin, and ceftazidime. Multidrug-resistance of Escherichia coli may be caused by ampicillin, cotrimoxazole, chloramphenicol, ceftriaxone, and ceftazidime. Vibrio cholera may become resistant to cotrimoxazole, chloramphenicol, ampicillin, with least resistance to erythromicin, tetracycline, and ciprofloxacin. The aim of this study is to review the published data on the resistance of different antimicrobials in infants and children.

Evaluation of Antibiotic Sensitivity of Urinary Tract Pathogens among Children in Zahedan, South East of Iran

Simin Sadeghi Bojd; Gholamreza Soleimani; Alireza Teimouri; Elham Zarifi; Somaye Rashidi

Volume 5, Issue 10 , October 2017, , Pages 5965-5974

https://doi.org/10.22038/ijp.2017.22970.1924

Abstract

Background Urinary tract infection (UTI), are the most frequent and serious infection in childhood around the world. The present study aimed to evaluate antibiotic sensitivity of urinary ... Read More

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Keywords = Bacteria

Multidrug Resistance in Infants and Children

Abstract

Evaluation of Antibiotic Sensitivity of Urinary Tract Pathogens among Children in Zahedan, South East of Iran

Abstract