@article { author = {Vakili, Rahim and Yazdan Bakhsh, Mahsa and Vahedian, Mohammad and Mahmoudi, Mahmoud and Saeidi, Masumeh and Vakili, Saba}, title = {The Effect of Zinc Supplementation on Linear Growth and Growth Factors in Primary Schoolchildren in the Suburbs Mashhad, Iran}, journal = {International Journal of Pediatrics}, volume = {3}, number = {2.1}, pages = {1-7}, year = {2015}, publisher = {Mashhad University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {2345-5047}, eissn = {2345-5055}, doi = {10.22038/ijp.2015.3931}, abstract = {Background: Zinc is an essential trace element required for the functional activity of several enzyme systems. Several studies have been carried out to assess the effect of zinc supplementation on children’s growth, but controversy exists as to the effect of zinc on growth and GH-IGF-I system. Objective:  The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of zinc supplementation on linear growth and serum level of  IGF-I, Ca ,P, ALP in elementary school children living in a low socioeconomic suburb of Mashhad in Northeast of Iran. Methods: The study was a randomized double-blind, placebo-controlled efficacy trial. Subjects were 200 volunteer primary school children. Both case and control groups comprised of 100 individuals each with 50 males and 50 females. Intervention supplementation was zinc sulfate tablets (10 mg elemental) and placebo tablets for both groups, administrated for a period of six months. The height, weight, height for age and weight for age Z-scores and Body Mass Index were measured at 0,2,4, and 6 months. After six months the level of IGF-I, calcium, phosphorus and alkaline phosphatase were measured using blood samples taken from 50 volunteer children, 33 from the case and 17 from the control group. The results were compared in the two groups. Results: There was a significant increase (p<0.05) in linear growth and weight amongst both male and female of the case group compared to the control after six months of receiving zinc. However, there was no significant difference in the serum level for the measured parameters between the two groups. Conclusion: This study provides evidence of positive effect of zinc supplementation on the growth of school children living in a low socioeconomic suburb of Mashhad city in Iran.}, keywords = {Linear Growth,IGF-I,Calcium,Phosphorus,Alkalin phosphatase,zinc}, url = {https://ijp.mums.ac.ir/article_3931.html}, eprint = {https://ijp.mums.ac.ir/article_3931_83c82c877585aae28500f9fdd651bca8.pdf} } @article { author = {Molaie, Akbar and Abdinia, Babak and Zakeri, Roya and Talei, Ali}, title = {Diagnostic Value of Chest Radiography in Pediatric Cardiovascular Diseases: A Retrospective Study in Tabriz, Northwest of Iran}, journal = {International Journal of Pediatrics}, volume = {3}, number = {2.1}, pages = {9-13}, year = {2015}, publisher = {Mashhad University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {2345-5047}, eissn = {2345-5055}, doi = {10.22038/ijp.2015.4002}, abstract = {Background and Objective: Chest X-ray is usually the first radiography performed for a newborn. This test is easily accessible and yet a basic screening method. Different results have been reported in various studies regarding the diagnostic value of chest X-ray in cardiovascular disease in children. Materials and Methods: The study was carried out retrospectively using the medical files of 100 patients under 15 years of age who were referred to Tabriz Children’s Hospital during 2013-2014. The data obtained were analyzed with SPSS-17. The mean difference test was used to compare the quantitative variables. P-values less than 0.05 were considered significant. Findings: Fifty-two patients (52%) were male. Their mean age was 4.54  1.22 (0-108) months, and the patients’ mean weight was 4.38  0.34 (1.25-27) kg. Cardiovascular examination and radiology report were negative in 70% and 57% of the patients, respectively, while cardiologic assessments revealed cardiovascular problems in 70% of the cases. The diagnostic accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity, and the positive and negative predictive value of chest X-ray in this study were 61%, 80%, 53%, 86%, and 42%, respectively. In addition, gender, age, weight, the presence or absence of clinical signs, and the type of cardiovascular disease had no effect on the diagnostic accuracy of chest X-ray. Conclusion: According to the results, chest radiography cannot be referred to as a test to confirm or rule-out cardiovascular disease in children. Therefore, when a cardiovascular disease is suspected in physical examination, echocardiography can be recommended without a need for chest X-ray.}, keywords = {Cardiovascular,Chest X-ray,Children}, url = {https://ijp.mums.ac.ir/article_4002.html}, eprint = {https://ijp.mums.ac.ir/article_4002_c682939b1e968cdce6a3990e1834570b.pdf} } @article { author = {Haghighi, Mahnaz and Abbasi, Razieh}, title = {The Relationship between Emotional Intelligence (EI) and Breastfeeding Success in Lactating Mothers}, journal = {International Journal of Pediatrics}, volume = {3}, number = {2.1}, pages = {15-21}, year = {2015}, publisher = {Mashhad University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {2345-5047}, eissn = {2345-5055}, doi = {10.22038/ijp.2015.4006}, abstract = {Introduction: Breastfeeding is one of the most effective ways to promote children's health. The purpose of this study is to determine the relationship between emotional intelligence and success of breastfeeding. Materials and Methods: In a cross-sectional study in referring of multiple health centers in Shiraz, sample of 150 mothers with children aged one to three 3 years were selected using convenience sampling method and divided to breast fed and formula fed children groups, they obtained Bar-on and demographic questionnaire .Data were analyzed by SPSS software and Significant level for all tests was considered as 5%. Results: Mean age of mothers was 28.8±4.3 and the mean age of children was 19.80±5.8 years in breast fed and  18.98±6.25 in formula fed infants (p=0.406)   ; 45.3% of them were high school graduates or low literate, and the rest of them were college educated. 71.3% of the women were housewives and most of them were nulliparous. 71.3% of all women had cesarean delivery. The mean duration of breastfeeding in children  were 14.80±4.35 month in breast fed and  3.98±1.25 month in formula fed infants (p<0.001) . In terms of the average age, education and child birth rank, the two groups were not significantly different. Emotional Intelligence in the group of lactating mothers was significantly higher than non-lactating mothers (347 versus 296; P<0.001). Conclusion: Mothers who success in breastfeeding have higher EQ than non-lactating mothers. Since it is possible to identify and promote EQ, therefore, we can help to breastfeeding success of mothers.}, keywords = {Breastfeeding,breastfeeding success,Emotional intelligence (EI),Emotional Quotient (EQ)}, url = {https://ijp.mums.ac.ir/article_4006.html}, eprint = {https://ijp.mums.ac.ir/article_4006_09ee17ce2eb3d0dc459854da4877cf06.pdf} } @article { author = {Khodabakhsh, Mohamad reza and Borjali, Ahmad and Sohrabi, Faramarz and Farrokhi, Noor Ali Farrokhi}, title = {The Role of Emotion Regulation Difficulties as a Mediator of the Relationship between Body Image Disturbance and Disordered Eating Behavior}, journal = {International Journal of Pediatrics}, volume = {3}, number = {2.1}, pages = {23-32}, year = {2015}, publisher = {Mashhad University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {2345-5047}, eissn = {2345-5055}, doi = {10.22038/ijp.2015.3995}, abstract = {Abstract Background: The prevalence of disordered eating behaviors has been reported to increase in recent decades; therefore, the search for specific psychological variables that may contribute to the etiology of this disorder is of great importance. The current study examined the mediating role of the emotion regulation difficulties on the relationship between body image disturbance and disordered eating behavior among students. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was performed in 2014 upon a sample consisting of 264 students in Allame Tabatabaie University were selected based on a Morgan formula and multi-stage cluster random sampling. Then, participants responded to the questionnaires of emotion regulation difficulties of Gratz and Roemer (2004), The Multidimensional Body-Self Relations Questionnaire (MBSRQ) of Cash (2000) and eating attitudes test of Garner and Garfinkel (1979). The data were analyzed by correlation techniques and multiple regressions.Results: The results showed that there was internal significant correlation among emotion regulation difficulties, body image disturbance and disordered eating behaviors (p}, keywords = {Emotion regulation difficulties,Body image disturbance,disordered eating behavior,Students}, url = {https://ijp.mums.ac.ir/article_3995.html}, eprint = {https://ijp.mums.ac.ir/article_3995_df381de7417f18bfaa66a1021dc80567.pdf} } @article { author = {Bilan, Nemat and Barzegar, Mohammad and Habibi, Parinaz}, title = {Predictive Factors of Respiratory Failure in Children with Guillain-Barre Syndrome}, journal = {International Journal of Pediatrics}, volume = {3}, number = {2.1}, pages = {33-37}, year = {2015}, publisher = {Mashhad University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {2345-5047}, eissn = {2345-5055}, doi = {10.22038/ijp.2015.3927}, abstract = {Introduction:Guillain-Barre Syndrome(GBS) is the most common cause of acute flaccid paralysis. Respiratory failure is the most serious short-term complication of GBS and invasive mechanical ventilation is required in 30% of patients.moreover,60% of those who are intubated develop major complications including pnemonia,sepsis,GI bleeding and pulmonary embolism. Thus respiratory failure prediction is crucial. the aim of this study was to determine clinical predictors of respiratory failure to avoid respiratory distress and aspiration.Methods and materials: in a cross sectional and analytical study 140 patients with clinically diagnosis of Guillain-Barre Syndrome were enrolled in study,from october 2008 to october 2014. .demographic data,nerologic examination,cranial nerve and autonomic nervous system involvement, and respiratory failure were recorded prospectively.Results:15 out of 140 patients(10,7%) developed respiratory failure and underwent mechanical ventilation.the male/female ratio in patients with respiratory failure and patients without respiratory involvement were (53%)/(47%) and (54%)/(46%) respectively(p-value:0.4).the mean age in these two groups were 2,7±1,9 and 5,5±3,2(p-value:0,003).cranial nerve involvement (7,9,10) was recorded in patients with respiratory failure and without respiratory failure54% and25% respectively (p-value:0,03).absent upper limb deep tendon reflexes in these two groups were 70% and 44% respectively.(p-value:0,03) and autonomic nervous system involvement 24% vs. 14%(p-value:0,3).conclusion : our study suggests that younger age , cranial nerve involvement and absent upper limb deep tendon reflexes are predictive factors of respiratory failure in patients with Guillain-Barre Syndrome(GBS).}, keywords = {Guillain-Barre Syndrome,Respiratory failure,Mechanical Ventilation}, url = {https://ijp.mums.ac.ir/article_3927.html}, eprint = {https://ijp.mums.ac.ir/article_3927_b97de5e25b1aefc429a2ba002d8b240f.pdf} } @article { author = {Amini, Abolgasem and Bilan, Nemat and Ghasempour, Masumeh}, title = {Effects of Reflection on Clinical Learning of Medical Students}, journal = {International Journal of Pediatrics}, volume = {3}, number = {2.1}, pages = {39-44}, year = {2015}, publisher = {Mashhad University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {2345-5047}, eissn = {2345-5055}, doi = {10.22038/ijp.2015.3944}, abstract = {Introduction: Reflection is considered as a critical characteristic in professional competitions. Despite propagation of reflection as an important educational issue and existence of several helpful patterns, instructions conducted by teachers to explaining and expanding of it, are very little. Studies related to this topic were mainly performed in the field of nursing. Therefore, we decided to evaluate the effects of reflection on medical students. Methods: In 2012, between July and December, one hundred medical students who were training in pediatric department of Tabriz children´ hospital, were included in this interventional (before and after) study. At the beginning a questionnaire was filled by participants as “pretest”. Then, in a workshop, principles of reflection and learning domain were taught to them. A notebook entitled “What I have learned” was prepared by them and daily learning was recorded in three aspects of reflection (mirror, microscope and binocular). After three months the same questionnaires were filled as “posttest”. Results obtained from comparing pretest and posttest and information acquired from students notebook were the basis for statistical analyze.         Results: There was statistically significant difference for each question (P < 0.05).  Deepening the learning, reducing errors, organizing and integrating of individual knowledge, increasing confidence and responsibility, improved patient care and accuracy of interventions were some benefits of this method. Conclusion: Reflection is very helpful educational strategy and can help the students in their communication and increasing skill and knowledge. It also helps to organize and integrate their learning by guiding them in clinical situations.}, keywords = {Reflection,Clinical Learning,Medical student,Medical education}, url = {https://ijp.mums.ac.ir/article_3944.html}, eprint = {https://ijp.mums.ac.ir/article_3944_1234c4ea573edbbcb7a1ebba11c5b324.pdf} } @article { author = {Motamed, Farzaneh and Kazemi, Naheid and Nabavizadeh, Raheleh}, title = {Assessment of chronic diarrhea in early infancy in Tehran Tertiary Care Center; Tehran-Iran}, journal = {International Journal of Pediatrics}, volume = {3}, number = {2.1}, pages = {45-50}, year = {2015}, publisher = {Mashhad University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {2345-5047}, eissn = {2345-5055}, doi = {10.22038/ijp.2015.4062}, abstract = {Introduction Chronic diarrhea of infancy is a heterogeneous syndrome that includes several diseases with different etiologies. The aim of this study was investigating chronic diarrhea, its etiologies, clinical features and outcomes in infancy.Materials and Methods Retrospective study investigating infants hospitalized in the gastroenterology department of Tehran tertiary care center.The main demographic data, etiology, characteristics of diarrhea, and outcome were evaluated. Data were analyzed by SPSS software,version 16.Results In this study, 63/9% of cases were female and 36/1% were male. 24 cases (66/7%) had osmotic diarrhea and 11 (30/6%) had secretory diarrhea. In this study there was no significant statistical correlation between type of diarrhea and sex, gestational Age, severity of dehydration, birth weight and nutrition. The majority of patients with osmotic (58/3%) and secretory diarrhea (63/6%), had weight percentile below 3%, which showed a significant statistical difference (p value<0.03). Etiologies found in newborns included: food allergy (41.7%), glucose/ Galactose malabsorption (19.4%), post gastroenteritis malabsorption (11.1%),Sepsis (8.3%), autoimmune enteropathy (5.6%), Galactosemia (2.8%), Pseudo membranous colitis (2.8%), cystic Fibrosis (2.8%),intestinal malrotation (2.8%), congenital chloride diarrhea (2.8%).Four out of 36 patients (%11/1) had early onset of diarrhea. Intestinal biopsy was done in 7(20%) cases.Conclusion Chronic diarrhea in infancy has different etiologies and outcomes. According to high prevalence of allergy in this study, more attention needs to be paid to this issue. On the other side, food allergy was more common in nonexclusive breast fed infants, which shows breast feeding has a protective effect against neonatal diarrhea.}, keywords = {Infancy,chronic diarrhea,Etiology,Allergy}, url = {https://ijp.mums.ac.ir/article_4062.html}, eprint = {https://ijp.mums.ac.ir/article_4062_90e542001d9373d8555f6a3bea2a901d.pdf} } @article { author = {Kazemi Karyani, Ali and Kazemi, Zhila and Shaahmadi, Faramarz and Arefi, Zohreh and Ghazanfari, Sadegh}, title = {Determining Inequality and Trend of Geographic Accessibility to Pediatricians in Iran: 2007-2013}, journal = {International Journal of Pediatrics}, volume = {3}, number = {2.1}, pages = {51-58}, year = {2015}, publisher = {Mashhad University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {2345-5047}, eissn = {2345-5055}, doi = {10.22038/ijp.2015.3945}, abstract = {Introduction: The mortality rate of children is one of the most important indicators to measuring the development of countries. Equitable access to pediatricians is an important factor in reducing child mortality and promoting society health. The aim of this tudy was to investiget the Inequality and trend of geographic accessibility to Pediatricians in Iran in the period 2007 to 2013. Materials and Methods: We used the Gini coefficient and the index of dissimilarity for investigating the geographic distribution of pediatricians in the period 2007 to 2013 in Iran. Also, a regression model used for detrminig time trend of inequality. Data about the number of pediatricians and number of live birth in each province were obtained from the Statistical Center of Iran (SCI). Results: The Gini coefficient was 0.27, 0.24, 0.26, 0.23, 0.23, 0.23, 0.25 and 0.21 in 2007 to 2013, respectively. The dissimilarity index of pediatricians were 18.35, 17.4, 19.4, 16.73, 14.93, 14.66 and 11.99 during 2007-2013. The time trend analysis showed that inequality have been decreased during the studied period and it was not statistically significant (p>0.05). Conclusion: The results showed that there are some inequality in Pediatricians distribution and most of Pediatricians are in developed provinces. Thus policy makers for improving  child’s health in Iran should develop a comprehensive plan for equitable distribution of pediatricians.}, keywords = {pediatricians,health resources,Inequality,Gini coefficient,Dissimillarity index,Iran}, url = {https://ijp.mums.ac.ir/article_3945.html}, eprint = {https://ijp.mums.ac.ir/article_3945_94d09e426c8b5edf448e1d4e076f162a.pdf} } @article { author = {Hajizadeh, Niloofar and Marashi, Sayed Mahdi and Nabavizadeh, Behnam and Elhami, Ehsan and Mohammadi, Tayebeh and Mazloomi Nobandegani, Narges and Kazemi, Naheid and Nabavizadeh, Raheleh}, title = {Examine of Thyroid Function in Pediatric Nephrotic Syndrome; Tehran-Iran}, journal = {International Journal of Pediatrics}, volume = {3}, number = {2.1}, pages = {59-65}, year = {2015}, publisher = {Mashhad University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {2345-5047}, eissn = {2345-5055}, doi = {10.22038/ijp.2015.4051}, abstract = {Introduction In children with nephrotic syndrome, it is probable to determine a hypothyroid state because of thyroxine (T4), tri-iodothyronine (T3) and thyroid-binding globulin loss in presence of proteinuria. Objectives: To examine thyroid function in pediatric cases of nephrotic syndrome. Methods: In a cross-sectional study, from march 2010 to march 2012, thyroid function tests were performed in 104 patients referred to the nephrology department of children’s medical center, because of nephrotic  syndrome. Collected data analyzed with SPSS Statistics 17 and pResults: Sixty one cases identified as hypothyroid patients and were treated with supplementary levothyroxine. There were 41 (67.2%) males and 20 (32.8%) females with the mean age of 3.72±3.35 years. Our patients showed lowered T3 (68.3%) and T4 (64.4%) in comparison with normal values. Median TSH (Thyroid-stimulating hormone) was 11.65±6.71 Micu/ml and 2.82±0.82 in the hypothyroid and euthyroid patients respectively. In all, TSH was negatively correlated with the total urinary protein content . Conclusions: According to this study, the occurrence of hypothyroidism in any child with nephrotic syndrome needs to be mentioned. It is proposed to systematically search hypothyroidism by measuring TSH and free T4 in these patients particularly when proteinuria is prolonged.}, keywords = {thyroid function,Hypothyroidism,Nephrotic syndrome,Proteinuria,Childhood}, url = {https://ijp.mums.ac.ir/article_4051.html}, eprint = {https://ijp.mums.ac.ir/article_4051_3eff138a007c8e7cc6c43e118c574936.pdf} } @article { author = {Moemeni Piri, Sajad and Hashemi Afosi2, Mahmood and Rezaeinasab, Amir and Noroozi, Saeed and Maghboli, Sajad and Babai Mazreno, Alireza}, title = {The Effects of Physical Education Course on Mental Health of Students in Bu-Ali Sina University, Hamedan-Iran}, journal = {International Journal of Pediatrics}, volume = {3}, number = {2.1}, pages = {67-73}, year = {2015}, publisher = {Mashhad University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {2345-5047}, eissn = {2345-5055}, doi = {10.22038/ijp.2015.4052}, abstract = {IntroductionMental disorders are a major cause of morbidity and disability in the worldand can reduce the success and academic achievement. Experts believe that exercise can be used as a means to achieve favorable mental status. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of physical education course (I) on mental health of Bu-Ali Sina University students, Hamadan.MethodologyIn this descriptive study, 108 students of Bu-Ali Sina University, were randomly selected as research sample. Data collection tool was the 28-item standard questionnaire of Mental Health of Goldberg (GHQ-28) with 0. 89 reliability. To determine the suspected cases of mental disorders, cutoff point 23 has been used. Data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics (Pair t-tests) at the significance level 0.05.ResultsThe findings showed that the average pretest score of students` mental health was 21.86 ± 8.96 and the average post-test score was 22.55 ± 10.83. 40.7 percent of participants were suspected to have mental disorders before participation in physical education classes (score above 23) and decreased to 37% after the end of the semester, the dependent t-test results showed no significant difference between students` mental health before and after the general physical education (p> 0.05). The post-test results showed that depressive symptoms were significantly increased (p>0.05; 2.81 ± 5.64).Conclusion}, keywords = {Physical education unit (I),Mental health,Depression symptoms}, url = {https://ijp.mums.ac.ir/article_4052.html}, eprint = {https://ijp.mums.ac.ir/article_4052_ad9889ec9401c888bdf471ab0c6f7835.pdf} } @article { author = {Aziz, Nucksheeba and Yousuf, Rayees and Gattoo, Imran and Latief, Mohmad}, title = {Clinical Predictors of Hospital Admission in Children Aged 0-24 Months with Acute Bronchiolitis}, journal = {International Journal of Pediatrics}, volume = {3}, number = {2.1}, pages = {75-79}, year = {2015}, publisher = {Mashhad University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {2345-5047}, eissn = {2345-5055}, doi = {10.22038/ijp.2015.4005}, abstract = {BACKGROUND Bronchiolitis is a significant cause of acute morbidity in children less than 2 years old and some children with bronchiolitis are admitted to the hospital. AIMS AND OBJECTIVES To identify clinical predictors of hospital admission in children aged 0-24 months with acute bronchiolitis.   METHODS: All children in the age group of 0-24 months presenting with acute bronchiolitis to a dedicated pediatric emergency department of GB pant cantonment children hospital, Govt Medical College Srinagar,   from April 2012-March 2013 were included in the study, provided they met the inclusion criteria. Non-parametric numerical variables were analyzed using Mann Whitney u test. Chi square was used to analyzecategorical variables, p value < 0.05 was considered significant. RESULTS: 763(552(72.3%) male, mean age 8.52+/- 3.59 months) children (0-24months) presented with acute bronchiolitis during the study period. 435(313 (72%) male, mean age 6.69+/-3.8 months)patients were admitted to the hospital. The eight best predictors of admission (age, respiratory rate, heart rate, oxygen saturation, fever, grunt, dehydration and duration of symptoms) were determined. CONCLUSION:This study has identified clinical predictors of admission in children aged 0-24 months with acute bronchiolitis. This information can be used as a guide in deciding whether to admit a child with bronchiolitis.}, keywords = {Bronchiolitis,clinical predictors of admission,children aged 0-24 months,admitted and non-admitted group}, url = {https://ijp.mums.ac.ir/article_4005.html}, eprint = {https://ijp.mums.ac.ir/article_4005_edae4892c59753bfd9a3f4d557fc92e7.pdf} } @article { author = {Kouzegaran, Samaneh and Khazaii, Tahere and Sabertanha, Amir}, title = {A Case of Cardiac Arrest after Topical Phenylephrine Administration in Adenoidectomy Surgery}, journal = {International Journal of Pediatrics}, volume = {3}, number = {2.1}, pages = {81-84}, year = {2015}, publisher = {Mashhad University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {2345-5047}, eissn = {2345-5055}, doi = {10.22038/ijp.2015.4061}, abstract = {Some otolaryngologists administer topical phenylephrine for bleeding control in adenoidectomy surgery. Absorption of this drug from surgical site can lead to increase in blood pressure due to vasoconstriction and then bradycardia related to baroreceptore reflex.  Our case was an intraoperative arrest of a 9-yrs-old girl related to administration of topical phenylephrine during adenoidectomy however, bradycardia is a rare complication of topical phenylephrine in ENT surgeries probably due to preoperative administration of atropine or glycopirolate. Due to severe complications have been ever seen, avoidance of topical administration of phenylephrine or other vasoconstrictors with undetermined doses is reasonable.}, keywords = {Adenoidectomy,Cardiac Arrest,Phenylephrine}, url = {https://ijp.mums.ac.ir/article_4061.html}, eprint = {https://ijp.mums.ac.ir/article_4061_b9e24c6bf6ad0f0d6942d4a88fd7e71a.pdf} } @article { author = {Imanzade, Farid and Sayyari, Aliakbar and Tajik, Pantea}, title = {Cytomegalovirus Colitis in an Immunocompetent Patient: Report of a Case}, journal = {International Journal of Pediatrics}, volume = {3}, number = {2.1}, pages = {85-88}, year = {2015}, publisher = {Mashhad University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {2345-5047}, eissn = {2345-5055}, doi = {10.22038/ijp.2015.3982}, abstract = {Abstract Cytomegalovirus (CMV) is a virus that can be consider as invasive infection after transplantation or chemotherapy, long-term corticosteroid users or in immunodeficient patients such as HIV. Different complications were seen in immunocompetent patients but colitis rarely occurs. The diagnosis of CMV was based on pathology by colonoscopy, positive CMV antigen and high CMV-IgM titer serum samples and a good response to systemic gancyclovir treatment. In this study we reported a 20 month girl with bloody diarrhea that her colonoscopy showed CMV ulceration.}, keywords = {CMV,Pediatric,Colitis}, url = {https://ijp.mums.ac.ir/article_3982.html}, eprint = {https://ijp.mums.ac.ir/article_3982_968f67be4a728286e21ac3fb2e8ee28d.pdf} } @article { author = {Imanzadeh, Farid and Sayarri, Aliakbar and Tajik, Pantea}, title = {Immunoproliferative Small Intestine Disease (IPSID): A Case Report}, journal = {International Journal of Pediatrics}, volume = {3}, number = {2.1}, pages = {89-92}, year = {2015}, publisher = {Mashhad University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {2345-5047}, eissn = {2345-5055}, doi = {10.22038/ijp.2015.4056}, abstract = {Immunoproliferative small intestinal disease (IPSID) is the syndrome associated with Mediterranean lymphoma (a rare form of non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma). Many of the patients diagnosed with secretory IPSID have variable level of abnormal immunoglobulins in serum or other bodily fluids, identified as truncated alpha heavy chain globulins. Most cases are characterized by a loss of ability to synthesize light chains. As such, IPSID has been classified as a heavy chain disorder B-cell lymphoma. We present here the case of a 12-year-old boy admitted in our department for edema, abdominal pain and FTT, in whom we suspected the diagnosis of IPSID.}, keywords = {Immunoproliferative Small Intestine Disease,case report,Evaluation}, url = {https://ijp.mums.ac.ir/article_4056.html}, eprint = {https://ijp.mums.ac.ir/article_4056_5b95c2cc866403ca2a4203a81ef85882.pdf} } @article { author = {Gattoo, Imran and Singh, Sudesh and Aziz, Nucksheeba}, title = {Neonatal progeroid syndrome (Weidman Rautenstrauch syndrome): A case report from Jammu &Kashmir, India.}, journal = {International Journal of Pediatrics}, volume = {3}, number = {2.1}, pages = {93-97}, year = {2015}, publisher = {Mashhad University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {2345-5047}, eissn = {2345-5055}, doi = {10.22038/ijp.2015.4007}, abstract = {A female one month old with features supporting a diagnosis of neonatal progeroid syndrome(WRS)  presented to our neonatology section of GB pant children hospital Srinagar .she had prenatal and post natal growth failure, generalized lipotrophy, triangular face, psedohydrocephalous, sparse scalp hair and eye brows, prominent scalp veins and greatly widened anterior fontenella.}, keywords = {Neonatal progeroid syndrome,Weidman Rautenstrauch syndrome,premature aging,lipodystrophy}, url = {https://ijp.mums.ac.ir/article_4007.html}, eprint = {https://ijp.mums.ac.ir/article_4007_6d6f3ef6dc506944cba2de8a17b12afe.pdf} } @article { author = {Joshi, Gurudutt}, title = {Neonatal Malaria with Hyperglycemia and Hyperlipedemia: A Case Report}, journal = {International Journal of Pediatrics}, volume = {3}, number = {2.1}, pages = {99-102}, year = {2015}, publisher = {Mashhad University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {2345-5047}, eissn = {2345-5055}, doi = {10.22038/ijp.2015.3943}, abstract = {Abstract: Introduction: Neonatal Malaria manifests most commonly as fever ,anemia, hepatospleenomegaly, jaundice, loosestools and poor feeding however hyperglycemia and hyperlipedemia associated with malaria is not mentioned in literature. Case Presenttion : A full term neonate was admitted in December, in N.I.C.U. as fever and anemia with spleenohepatomegaly ,his peripheral smear was positive for falciparum malaria with negative sepsis screen however there was hyperglycemia ,glucosuria and hyperlipedemia associated with it, malaria was and hyperglycemia was treated with antimalarials and Insulin respectively although Hyperlipedemia persisted on discharge.}, keywords = {Hyperglycemia,Hyperlipedemia,Malaria}, url = {https://ijp.mums.ac.ir/article_3943.html}, eprint = {https://ijp.mums.ac.ir/article_3943_9727f2cae07671559a377c1b976de890.pdf} } @article { author = {Esmaeeili, Mohammad and Azarfar, Anoush and Hoseinalizadeh, Samane}, title = {Calcium and Vitamin D Metabolism in Pediatric Nephrotic Syndrome; An Update on the Existing Literature}, journal = {International Journal of Pediatrics}, volume = {3}, number = {2.1}, pages = {103-109}, year = {2015}, publisher = {Mashhad University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {2345-5047}, eissn = {2345-5055}, doi = {10.22038/ijp.2015.3932}, abstract = { Minimal Change Disease (MCD) is the leading cause of childhood Nephrotic Syndrome (NS). Therefore in pediatrics nephrotic syndrome, most children beyond the first year of life will be treated with corticosteroids without an initial biopsy. Children with NS often display a number of calcium homeostasis disturbances causing abnormal bone histology, including hypocalcemia, reduced serum vitamin D metabolites, impaired intestinal absorption of calcium, and elevated levels of immunoreactive parathyroid hormone (iPTH). These are mainly attributed to the loss of a variety of plasma proteins and minerals in the urine as well as steroid therapy. Early diagnosis and management of these abnormalities, could prevent the growth retardation and renal osteodystrophy that affects children with nephrotic syndrome. Here we reviewed the literature for changes of calcium and vitamin D metabolism in nephrotic syndrome and its consequences on bones, also the effect of corticosteroid and possible preventive strategies that could be done to avoid long term outcomes in children. Although the exact biochemical basis for Changes in levels of calcium and vitamin D metabolites in patients with NS remains speculative; Because of the potential adverse effects of these changes among growing children, widespread screening for vitamin D deficiency or routine vitamin D supplementation should be considered.}, keywords = {Calcium,Vitamin D,Pediatric Nephrotic Syndrome}, url = {https://ijp.mums.ac.ir/article_3932.html}, eprint = {https://ijp.mums.ac.ir/article_3932_653848a8213982473aa4f5fe2d3ac8c0.pdf} } @article { author = {Vakili, Rahim and Ghazizadeh Hashemi, Amirhosein and Khademi, Gholamreza and Ajilian Abbasi, Maryam and Saeidi, Masumeh}, title = {Immunization Coverage in WHO Regions: A Review Article}, journal = {International Journal of Pediatrics}, volume = {3}, number = {2.1}, pages = {111-118}, year = {2015}, publisher = {Mashhad University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {2345-5047}, eissn = {2345-5055}, doi = {10.22038/ijp.2015.4157}, abstract = {  In 1974, the World Health Organization (WHO) established the Expanded Program on Immunization (EPI) to ensure that all children have access to routinely recommended vaccines. Since then, global coverage with the four core vaccines (Bacille calmette guérin vaccine [for protection against tuberculosis], Diphtheria-tetanus-pertussis vaccine [DTP], Polio vaccine, and Measles vaccine) has increased from <5% to ≥ 84%. Coverage with the third dose of DTP vaccine (DTP3) by age 12 months is a key indicator of immunization program performance. Estimated global DTP3 coverage has remained at 83%- 84% since 2009, with estimated 2013 coverage at 84%. Global coverage estimates for the second routine dose of Measles-containing Vaccine (MCV2) are reported for the first time in 2013; global coverage was 35% by the end of the second year of life and 53% when including older age groups. Results showed that more than 111 million infants received vaccines in 2013 to protect them from deadly diseases. These infants account for about 84 percent of the world’s children, but an estimated 21.8 million infants remained unvaccinated, according to new estimates from WHO. Three of WHO’s regions reported very high immunization coverage: the Western Pacific with 96 percent; the European Region with 96 percent; and the Region of the Americas with 90 percent. Coverage was slightly lower in the: Eastern Mediterranean Region at 82 percent; in the South-East Asia Region at 77 percent; and in the African Region at 75 percent. Improvements in equity of access and use of immunization services will help ensure that all children are protected from vaccine-preventable diseases. }, keywords = {Immunization coverage,Vaccine,WHO regions,Worldwide}, url = {https://ijp.mums.ac.ir/article_4157.html}, eprint = {https://ijp.mums.ac.ir/article_4157_c33b14918a5a9ad5c4b230d3c5d66320.pdf} }