%0 Journal Article %T Gender-based Differences in Associations between Attitude and Self-esteem with Smoking Behavior among Adolescents: A Secondary Analysis Applying Bayesian Nonparametric Functional Latent Variable Model %J International Journal of Pediatrics %I Mashhad University of Medical Sciences %Z 2345-5047 %A Khodayari, Mohammad Taghi %A Abadi, Alireza %A Baghestani, Ahmad reza %A Asghari Jafarabadi, Mohammad %A Mohammad poor asl, Asghar %A nadrian, Haidar %D 2018 %\ 02/01/2018 %V 6 %N 2 %P 7081-7094 %! Gender-based Differences in Associations between Attitude and Self-esteem with Smoking Behavior among Adolescents: A Secondary Analysis Applying Bayesian Nonparametric Functional Latent Variable Model %K Attitude %K Bayesian Method %K Cigarette Smoking %K Self- Esteem %R 10.22038/ijp.2017.27232.2344 %X Background: Different patterns of gender-based relationships between attitude toward smoking and self-esteem with smoking behavior have reported. However, such associations may be much more complex than a simply supposed linear relationship. We aimed to propose a method of providing hand details on the total and gender-based scenarios of the relationships between attitude toward smoking and self-esteem with smoking.Materials and Methods: A secondary analysis conducted on a data set obtained for a cross-sectional study among 4,905 male and female high school students in Tabriz, Iran (2012). We randomly selected 196 classes in a clustering process and invited all the students in the classes to participate in the study; then, investigated the relationship between smoking with attitude and self-esteem, as explanatory variables. We also found the data to fit a nonlinear functional relationship and to be free from normal condition due to applying Bayesian nonparametric functional latent variable model.  Results: Among all the students, attitude was found as the only variable with conceptual effect on smoking (p<0.05). Among boys, self-esteem showed no conceptual effect on smoking which was in contrast to those found among girls. Smoking among male students with low self-esteem was high, but it was gradually decreasing by rising self-esteem. Among girls, in contrast, smoking was descending by decreasing self-esteem.Conclusion: The relationships between self-esteem and attitude with smoking may not be necessarily linear. Being at the high levels of self-esteem among boys may lead to the reduced levels of smoking, and among girls may result in the increased level of the behavior. %U https://ijp.mums.ac.ir/article_9637_875ac55ab45d143c84a509cd0d1bc00f.pdf