Mashhad University of Medical Sciences
International Journal of Pediatrics
2345-5047
2345-5055
5
4
2017
04
01
Diagnostic Value of N Terminal Pro B Type Natriuretic Peptide (NT-pro BNP) in Cardiac Involvement in Patients with Beta- Thalassemia
4641
4662
EN
Noor Mohammad
Noori
0000-0002-0732-6412
Research center for children and adolescent’s health, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences and Health Services, Zahedan, Iran
dr_noori_cardio@yahoo.com
Alireza
Teimouri
0000-0002-8356-4260
Children and Adolescent Health Research Center, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences
alirezateimouri260@gmail.com
Nahid
Anvari
Faculty of Medicine, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran
anvari_saeme@yahoo.com
10.22038/ijp.2017.22370.1874
<strong><em><span style="font-size: medium;">Background </span></em></strong><br /> <span style="font-size: medium;">Heart failure is a major cause of death in thalassemia. The study aimed to determine the diagnostic value of N Terminal Pro B Type Natriuretic Peptide (NT-pro BNP), to early diagnose the cardiac involvement in beta- thalassemia major patients. </span><br /> <strong><em><span style="font-size: medium;">Materials and Methods</span></em></strong><br /> <span style="font-size: medium;"><strong><em> </em></strong>80 thalassemia patients aged 7 to 18 years old (patients group), and 80 healthy age and gender matched controls were enrolled in the case-control study. Patients were selected from those attending to the clinic of Aliasghar hospital, Zahedan-Iran. They were subjected to echo-Doppler tissue and conventional examination for both right and left heart function. Data were analysis using SPSS 18.0 software. </span><br /> <strong><em><span style="font-size: medium;">Results</span></em></strong><br /> <span style="font-size: medium;"><strong><em> </em></strong>NT-pro BNP increased in patients compared the controls (P<0.001). Some of conventional echocardiography left heart's functions such as deceleration time (DT), Simpson's Ejection fraction (EF), Myocardial Performance Index (MPI), were significantly higher in patients, and fractional shortening (FS), EF and the ratio of the early (E) to late (A) ventricular filling velocities (Peak E/ Peak A), were lower. DTI left heart's functions of ICT, Isovolumic relaxation time (IRT), and MPI were higher in patients, too. Conventional echocardiography right heart's functions, peak E, ET, MPI, and peak E/ peak A, were different from patients to controls. Conventional echocardiography, Left atrial in diastole LAd (P=0.01), Left ventricular diameter at systole (LVDS) (P=0.004), Simpson's left ventricular diastolic dysfunction LVDd (P=0.004), and relative wall thickness (RWT) (P=0.022), were different in patients groups based on of NT- pro BNP cut of point 100. </span><br /> <strong><em><span style="font-size: medium;">Conclusion</span></em></strong><br /> <span style="font-size: medium;">From the study concluded that left heart dysfunctions had more correlation with NT-proBNP compared the right heart functions. </span>
Beta-Thalassemia,Cardiac involvement,Children,NT-pro BNP
https://ijp.mums.ac.ir/article_8371.html
https://ijp.mums.ac.ir/article_8371_1587df064e625e8eb544b5384f9c89ab.pdf
Mashhad University of Medical Sciences
International Journal of Pediatrics
2345-5047
2345-5055
5
4
2017
04
01
The Prevalence of Celiac Disease in Children with Unexplained Failure to Thrive in South West of Iran
4663
4669
EN
Mehri
Taheri
Assistant Professor of Pediatric, Faculty of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.
dr.taheri@yahoo.com
Sara
Sabzali
Pediatrician, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.
sabzalisarah@ymail.com
Ashrafalsadat
Hakim
Nursing Care Research Center in Chronic Diseases, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.
hakim3448200@yahoo.com
Nooshin
Sajadi
Assistant Professor of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Faculty of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.
nooshin.sadjadei@yahoo.com
Mehran
Hakimzade
4Assistant professor of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Faculty of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.
hakimmehran@gmail.com
Tahereh
Ziaieikajbaf
Associate Professor of Pediatric, Faculty of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.
ziaei42@yahoo.co.uk
Bahman
Cheraghian
Assistant Professor, Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.
cheraghian2000@yahoo.com
10.22038/ijp.2016.20691.1728
<span style="font-family: Times New Roman;"><strong><em>Background</em></strong> </span><br /> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman;">Celiac disease (CD), considered as a common chronic and genetic diseases that caused by hypersensitivity to gluten. Failure to thrive (FTT), is one of three major clinical features of CD during childhood. The current study aimed to determine the prevalence of celiac disease in children with unexplained FTT in South West of Iran.</span><br /> <strong><em><span style="font-family: Times New Roman;">Materials and Methods</span></em></strong><br /> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman;"> This cross</span>‑<span style="font-family: Times New Roman;">sectional study was conducted on 433 children 9-month to 6 years old that diagnosed as unexplained FTT referred to Abuzar Children's Hospital, Ahvaz, South West of Iran, in 2014. In this study, we examined the serum levels of anti-transglutaminase antibody (anti-tTG) in children with unexplained FTT. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 16.0 software.</span><br /> <strong><em><span style="font-family: Times New Roman;">Results</span></em></strong><br /> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman;"> The results showed that the prevalence of CD in children with unexplained FTT in was 8.8%. The mean scores of children's anti-tTG serum levels in both gender and age groups, showed no significant difference (P> 0.05).</span><br /> <strong><em><span style="font-family: Times New Roman;">Conclusion</span></em></strong><br /> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman;"> At current study, the prevalence of CD in children with FTT was 8.8%. Since the CD is an important cause of unexplained FTT in children, the early screening and diagnosis and dietary management can be decrease the risk for long-term complications in these children.</span>
Celiac disease,Children,Iran,Failure to Thrive,Prevalence
https://ijp.mums.ac.ir/article_8033.html
https://ijp.mums.ac.ir/article_8033_be563d4836f0c4f60cc0cbeb0db766eb.pdf
Mashhad University of Medical Sciences
International Journal of Pediatrics
2345-5047
2345-5055
5
4
2017
04
01
Effect of Comprehensive Health Promotion Program on Quality of Life, Weight, and Physical Activity among Iranian Overweight School-age Girls
4671
4681
EN
Saeedeh
Jafarzadeh
Department of Nursing, Tarbiat, Modares University, Fasa University of Medical Sciences, Fasa, Iran.
saeedeh.jafarzadeh@yahoo.com
Sima
Mohammad Khan Kermanshahi
Department of Nursing, School of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran.
kerman_s@modares.ac.ir
Ali
Khani Jeihooni
Department of Public Health, Fasa University of Medical Sciences, Fasa, Iran.
khani_1512@yahoo.com
10.22038/ijp.2017.21126.1774
<strong><em><span style="font-family: Times New Roman;">Background</span></em></strong><br /> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman;">Prevalence of overweight and obesity in children and its trend in recent years has taken a worrying figure. Overweight in childhood is the most important cause of adulthood obesity. Therefore, the present study aimed to investigate the effect ofcomprehensive health program on quality of life, weight and physical activity in Iranian overweight school-age girls.</span><br /> <strong><em><span style="font-family: Times New Roman;">Materials and Methods</span></em></strong><br /> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman;">In this quasi-experimental study, 80 overweight girls participated in a comprehensive health program for 12 weeks in 2014. The participants were randomly selected and were assigned to intervention (n=40), and control (n=40) groups. Quality of life, weight, and physical activity scores were measured in both groups before and after the program. The data were collected by using the general quality of life questionnaire Pediatric Health-Related Quality of Life (Ped- sQL4.0)</span> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman;">in two forms (child and parent self-report), physical activity checklist, and a Digital Stadiometer. Then in the intervention group, comprehensive health program including three stages assessment, supportive planning and evaluation was administered for three months. Data were analyzed by the SPSS version 22.0 software. </span><br /> <strong><em><span style="font-family: Times New Roman;">Results</span></em></strong><br /> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman;">Theresults showed no significant differences between the two groups in terms of demographic characteristics, weight, physical activity, and quality of life, before intervention (P>0.05). However, statistically significant difference was found between the two groups regarding changes in body weight, body mass index (BMI), physical activity scores, and quality of life, before and after intervention (P<0.05).</span><br /> <strong><em><span style="font-family: Times New Roman;">Conclusion</span></em></strong><br /> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman;">Implementation of a comprehensive health program by school nurses can decrease the growing trend of overweight and increase the quality of life and physical activity among children.</span>
body Weight,Iran,Obesity,School age,Physical Activity,Quality of life
https://ijp.mums.ac.ir/article_8152.html
https://ijp.mums.ac.ir/article_8152_4caa2efa9af48b340cbef882724f7512.pdf
Mashhad University of Medical Sciences
International Journal of Pediatrics
2345-5047
2345-5055
5
4
2017
04
01
Fetus in Fetu: A Rare Case Report and its Embryo-Pathogenesis
4683
4686
EN
Yuvaraj
Maria Francis
Tutor, Saveetha Medical College and Hospital Thandalam Chennai, India.
sujinalways@gmail.com
Sankaran
Ponusamy Kasiragan
Asociate Professor, Saveetha Medical College and Hospital Thandalam Chennai, India.
drpks@live.com
Priyadarshini
A
Tutor, Saveetha Medical College and Hospital Thandalam Chennai, India.
sham.guru@gmail.com
Zareena
Begum
Tutor, Saveetha Medical College and Hospital Thandalam Chennai, India.
gunapriyar@yahoo.com
Kumaresan
Munusamy
Tutor, Saveetha Medical College and Hospital Thandalam Chennai, India.
kumaresan1204@gmail.com
10.22038/ijp.2017.21432.1800
<span style="font-family: Times New Roman;">Fetus- in- fetu (FIF), is a rare congenital anomaly that occurs due to malformed fetus growing inside the twin. It occurs due to the aberration in the diamniotic monochorionic monozygotic twinning with unequal division of inner cell mass of blastocyst leading to inclusion of small cell mass inside the developing sister fetus. </span><br /> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman;">The most common presentation will be with intra-abdominal mass located in the upper quadrant retroperitoneally. Complete excision with meticulous dissection is curative and allows confirmation of diagnosis. </span>
Abdominal distension,Diamniotic Twin,Fetus- in- fetu,Twinning
https://ijp.mums.ac.ir/article_8215.html
https://ijp.mums.ac.ir/article_8215_1b58835372cbc2a5715776a0ce52974f.pdf
Mashhad University of Medical Sciences
International Journal of Pediatrics
2345-5047
2345-5055
5
4
2017
04
01
The Prevalence of Cleft Lip and Cleft Palate and Related Risk Factors among Iranian Children from 2000 to 2016: a Literature Review
4687
4697
EN
Arman
Jafari
Nursing Student, Student Research Committee, Shoushtar Faculty of Medical Sciences, Shoushtar, Iran.
kourosh1685@gmail.com
Kourosh
Zarea
Associate Professor, Nursing Care Research Center in Chronic Disease, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.
zarea_k@ajums.ac.ir
Negar
Mehregan
Surgical of Technologist Student, Student Research Committee, Department of Nursing and Midwifery, Ahvaz Jundishapur University Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.
korosh1685@hotmail.com
10.22038/ijp.2016.7180
<strong><em>Background</em></strong><br />Cleft lip and cleft palate (also, known as or facial clefts), are amongst the most common congenital deformities affecting the jaw and face as well as the most common defects associated with lip and palate. Thus, the current study was an attempt to investigate the prevalence and risk factors of or facial clefts in Iranian children.<br />Materials and Methods:<br />The present study, was conducted through a systematic search for articles recorded in the internal database (SID, IranMedex and Magiran), and external authoritative databases (Google scholar, PubMed, Science Direct, MEDLINE, CINAHL and EMBASE) using the keywords including "cleft lip", "Iranian", "cleft palate", and "children" from 2000 to 2016. Then, 61 articles were collected. 47 studies with associated incidence or prevalence of cleft lip and cleft palate were included.<br />Results:<br />According to the findings of the review of the studies conducted in Iran, it is revealed that the prevalence of cleft lip and cleft palate was from 0.78 to 2.14 in Iranian children. It was revealed that several factors contributing to the development of this disorder consist of Family history ( P< 0.001), Antibiotics, ( P< 0.001), Stress in the first trimester of pregnancy (P=0.048), BMI before pregnancy (P=0.036) Seasonal factors (P= 0.03), and Consanguineous marriage (P=0.02).<br /><br />Conclusion<br />According to the results of the present study, the prevalence of cleft lip and cleft palate is high in Iran in comparison with international studies. Furthermore, the prevalence of this disorder is reported to be higher in males than females. Therefore, it is recommended arrange the practical programs in order to help parents eliminate or diminish the factors that affect the prevalence of this disorder and complications.
Children,Cleft lip,Cleft palate,Iran,Prevalence
https://ijp.mums.ac.ir/article_7180.html
https://ijp.mums.ac.ir/article_7180_585f41223f027b590502a8c06158995c.pdf
Mashhad University of Medical Sciences
International Journal of Pediatrics
2345-5047
2345-5055
5
4
2017
04
01
The Effect of Education of Fetal Movement Counting on Maternal-Fetal Attachment in the Pregnant Women: a Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial
4699
4706
EN
Kobra
Salehi
PHD Candidate of Reproductive Health, Nursing and Midwifery Care Research Center, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
k_salehi@nm.mui.ac.ir
Zahra
Salehi
MSc of Adult Health Nursing, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
z_salehi@nm.mui.ac.ir
Mahsa
Shaali
MSc Student of Midwifery, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
m.shaali93@yahoo.com
10.22038/ijp.2017.21795.1820
<strong><em>Background</em></strong><br /> Prenatal care is a good opportunity for evaluating and improving maternal-fetal attachment. In the present study the effect of early education of fetal movement counting in the second trimester on maternal-fetal attachment was evaluated.<br /> <strong><em>Materials and Methods</em></strong><br /> 52 eligible pregnant women were selected through simple sampling and then randomly allocated into control (n=29), and intervention groups (n=23). First, demographic characteristics questionnaire and Cranely’s Maternal-Fetal Attachment Scale (MFAS), were completed by pregnant women. Face to face training about counting and recording the daily fetal movement was provided in the intervention group and from the 24<sup>th</sup> to 28<sup>th</sup> weeks of pregnancy, daily counting of fetal movements were conducted. Then at the end of the 28<sup>th</sup> week of pregnancy, MFAS was again completed by both groups. Data analysis was conducted using SPSS version16.0.<br /> <strong><em>Results</em></strong><br /> The mean score of MFA scale in the intervention group was 86.63±11.62 and in the control group was 87.48±10.31 (total score of 120). No significant difference was observed between two groups. After the intervention, the mean score of MFA was increased to 96.30±10.81 in the intervention group and 88.64±10.31 in the control group. The difference was statistically significant between two groups (P<0.001). Only the mean score of MFA in the intervention group showed a significant change before and after the intervention (P< 0.001).<br /> <strong><em>Conclusion</em></strong><br /> The present study showed that education of fetal movement counting would significantly increase maternal-fetal attachment. The training of this method is inexpensive and its performance is easy, and it could be recommended to mothers as a useful intervention.
Education,Fetal movement,First time pregnancy,Maternal fetal relationship
https://ijp.mums.ac.ir/article_8271.html
https://ijp.mums.ac.ir/article_8271_20fad1345dd91d081d05caab73372cbe.pdf
Mashhad University of Medical Sciences
International Journal of Pediatrics
2345-5047
2345-5055
5
4
2017
04
01
Novel Presentation of Complete Coronal Urethral Duplication: a Case Report
4707
4712
EN
Amrollah
Salimi
0000-0001-9443-5109
Department of Pediatric Surgery of Hazrat Masoume Hospital, Qom University of Medical Sciences, Qom, Iran.
dr.salimi.a@gmail.com
Shervin
Rashidinia
School of Medicine, Qom University of Medical Sciences, Qom, Iran.
shervin.rsh@gmail.com
Seyed Shahin
Eftekhari
School of Medicine, Qom University of Medical Sciences, Qom, Iran.
sheftekhari14122000@yahoo.com
Sara
Shahmoradi
School of Medicine, Qom University of Medical Sciences, Qom, Iran.
sr.shahmoradi@gmail.com
10.22038/ijp.2017.22681.1895
Urethralduplication is a rare condition occurs as a congenital malformation either independently or in the setting of other congenital malformations such as caudal duplication syndrome. Its prevalence becomes even rarer if it manifests as two side-by-side tracts in coronal plan.<br />Nonetheless, we introduce a unique presentation of complete coronal urethral duplication accompanied by astounding manifestations of gastrointestinal malformations different from what is expected for a normal hind gut or caudal duplication syndrome. A 6-year-old boy with complete coronal duplication of urethra along with duplication of appendix, sigmoid and rectum as well as developmental delay, attracted our attention to report.
Appendix,Child,fistula,Urethra
https://ijp.mums.ac.ir/article_8514.html
https://ijp.mums.ac.ir/article_8514_d8ae3972d5e52fc014846d8893e3e707.pdf
Mashhad University of Medical Sciences
International Journal of Pediatrics
2345-5047
2345-5055
5
4
2017
04
01
Incidence of Phenylketonuria in Lorestan Province, West of Iran (2006- 2016)
4713
4721
EN
Naser
Motamedi
Department of Health Services, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorramabad, Iran.
naser.motamedi@gmail.com
Elham
Godarzi
Social Development and Health Promotion Research Center, Gonabad University of Medical Sciences, Gonabad, Iran.
elhamgoodarzi.1370@yahoo.com
Sajjad
Rahimi Pordanjani
Instructor, MSc in Epidemiology, Department of Public Health, School of Health, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran.
sajadrahimip@gmil.com
Rohollah
Valizadeh
MSc, Student of Epidemiology, Student Research Committee, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran.
rohvali4@gmail.com
Yousef
Moradi
Pars Advanced and Minimaly Invasive Manners Research Center, Pars Hospital, Tehran, Iran.
y.moradi@yahoo.com
Malihe
Sohrabivafa
MSc and MPH, Department of Health and Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Dezful University of Medical Sciences, Dezful, Iran.
sohrabifafa@yahoo.com
Reza
Beiranvand
MSc of Epidemiology, Faculty Member of Shoushtar, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Shoushtar, Iran.
beiranvandreza@gmail.com
Seyedeh Leila
Dehghani
Department of Public Health, Behbahan Faculty of Medical Sciences, Behbahan, Iran.
sadra_8687@yahoo.com
Shahram
Mamdohi
Director of the Department Diseases County of Boroujerd, and Legal of Medical School, Boroujerd, Iran.
mamdohishahram@gmail.com
Zaher
Khazaei
0000-0001-9265-9192
Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran.
zaherkhazaei@yahoo.com
10.22038/ijp.2017.21094.1770
<strong><em>Background: </em></strong>Phenylketonuria (PKU), is one of the most common metabolic diseases that resulted in mental retardation. The study aimed to investigate the incidence of phenylketonuria in Lorestan province, Iran.<br /> <strong><em>Materials and Methods: </em></strong>The study was an observational-descriptive study which included all identified cases of patients from April 2006 to February 2016. The required data were collected from patients' records. The Entered variables in data survey checklist included gender, date of birth, County Residence, parental education, parental occupation, parental kinship, conducting genetic consultation and screening. Recorded data were analyzed in Stata-12 software after completion.<br /> <strong><em>Results: </em></strong>Newborns were identified with Phenylketonuria during the years 2006 to 2016 and incidence rate calculated 1.91 per 10,000 live births. The highest incidence rate of disease was 3.86 per 10,000 live births in 2014. Delfan (Nurabad) County and Borujer County had maximum and minimum rate of incidence with 5.94 per 10,000 and 0.64 per 10,000, respectively. Among 74 patients, 42 (56%), were female and there was patients' parental kinship in 82% of parents that about 92 percent of suffering children parents had done genetic consultation.<br /> <strong><em>Conclusion: </em></strong>The incidence of phenylketonuria in the Lorestan province is more than other provinces. Given that most cases of patients resulted from cousin marriages, paying attention to the screening tests prior to marriage, particularly in familiar marriage is essential.
Incidence rate,Children,Iran,Phenylketonuria
https://ijp.mums.ac.ir/article_8165.html
https://ijp.mums.ac.ir/article_8165_db85a11da152d7fdfbeec65091fb134e.pdf
Mashhad University of Medical Sciences
International Journal of Pediatrics
2345-5047
2345-5055
5
4
2017
04
01
Clinical Pharmacology of Cefepime in Infants and Children
4723
4740
EN
Gian Maria
Pacifici
via San Andrea 32, 56127 Pisa, Italy.
pacifici@biomed.unipi.it
Giovanna
Marchini
Via San Andrea 32, 56127 Pisa, Italy.
10.22038/ijp.2017.22763.1907
Cefepime is a fourth-generation cephalosporin which is approved in Europe and in the USA. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approves cefepime in the treatment of febrile neutropenia. Cefepime is active against gram-negative microorganisms such as Escherichia coli, Haemophilus influenzae, Enterobacter, Klebsiella, Morganella, Neisseria, Serratia, and Proteus species. Cefepime is also active against gram-positive microorganisms such as Streptococcus pneumoniae, Streptococcus agalactiae, and Staphylococcus aureus. Cefepime binds to plasma proteins ≤ 20%, and it is excreted unchanged in the urine. Cefepime distributes widely in body tissues and fluids such as cerebrospinal fluid, bile, bronchial secretions, ascites fluid, and middle ear. In neonates, the half-life of cefepime ranges from 3.59<span style="text-decoration: underline;">+</span>0.61 and 5.09<span style="text-decoration: underline;">+</span>1.80 hours, and in adults it is 2.1 (range, 1.3 to 2.4 hours).<br />The rank order of the top 10 pediatric pathogens was analyzed and the comparative antimicrobial potency of broad-spectrum parenteral cephalosporins was exterminated. The rank order of the top 10 pediatric pathogens was Streptococcus pneumoniae (15.5%) > Haemophilus influenzae (14.6%) > Staphylococcus aureus (13.8%) > Moraxella catarrhalis = coagulase-negative staphylococci (8.0%) > Escherichia coli (7.8%) > Pseudomonas aeruginosa (5.2%) > Klebsiella spp. (4.8%) > Enterococcus spp. (4.7%) > beta-hemolytic streptococci (4.4%). Cefepime is the most active antibiotic among β-lactams. Cefepime is active against Enterobacter species (MIC<sub>90</sub>), 2 µg/ml; 99.3% susceptible, whereas the susceptibility rates of other broad-spectrum β-lactams (ceftriaxone, ceftazidime and piperacillin-tazobactam), were significantly lower (78.4 to 81.5). Cefepime remains a very potent alternative for the treatment of contemporary pediatric infections. The aim of the present study was to review the clinical pharmacology of cefepime in infants and children.
Cefepime,Dosage,effects,Pharmacokinetics,Resistance
https://ijp.mums.ac.ir/article_8534.html
https://ijp.mums.ac.ir/article_8534_010551b15379e05ed683b121bb930dc9.pdf
Mashhad University of Medical Sciences
International Journal of Pediatrics
2345-5047
2345-5055
5
4
2017
04
01
Developing a Family-based Floor Time Therapy and Evaluation its Effectiveness on the Developmental Profile of Children with Interactive Disorders (Anxiety and Depression)
4741
4753
EN
Shahrbanoo
Aali
Assistant Professor of Psychology, Department of Psychology, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran.
sh.aali79@gmail.com
Seyed Amir
AminYazdi
Associated Professor of Psychology, Department of Psychology, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran.
10.22038/ijp.2017.22412.1879
<span style="font-family: Times New Roman;"><strong><em>Background: </em></strong>Floor time therapy is the center of Greenspan developmental model. In Family-based of this model, to enhance the abilities of the child, family functioning is set the objective as a general unit, the purpose of this study was developing a Family-based Floor Time Therapyand evaluating its effectiveness on the developmental profile of children with interactive disorders. </span><br /> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman;"><strong><em>Materials and Methods: </em></strong>This research study was conducted according to the pretest-posttest design. The statistical population of the study consisted of all Mashhad preschoolers with depression and anxiety disorders along with their mothers. They were selected by using voluntary sampling and assigned to groups. In order to examine the effectiveness of therapy, the researcher–made instruments of Developmental Family Function Assessment Questionnaire and Greenspan Functional Emotional Developmental Scale were used. </span><br /> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman;"><strong><em>Results: </em></strong>According to the result there were significant differences between the control and floor time therapy groups of depressed children in developmental stages 4, 5 and 6 (P <0.05), between the floor time therapy and family-based floor time therapy groups in stage 4 (P<0.05), and between family-based floor time therapy and control groups in stage 6 (P<0.05). There were also significant differences between floor time therapy and family-based floor time therapy groups of anxious children in stage 1 (P<0.05), and between family-based floor time therapy and control groups in stages 1 and 4 (P<0.05). The results showed that there was a significant difference in developmental family function between the three groups of depressed children in stage 5 (P<0.05), and those of anxious children in stages 1, 2, 3, and 7 (P<0.05). </span><br /> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman;"><strong><em>Conclusion: </em></strong>Family-based floor time therapy, can increase the effectiveness of floor time therapy and be used as an effective therapy for the treatment of preschoolers with depression and anxiety disorders. </span><br /> <strong><em>Key Words:</em></strong> Anxiety, Developmental Profile,
Anxiety,Developmental Profile,Family-based floor time therapy,Interactive disorders
https://ijp.mums.ac.ir/article_8424.html
https://ijp.mums.ac.ir/article_8424_fe1d13f0475b55e6a77eb5f6b6e885da.pdf
Mashhad University of Medical Sciences
International Journal of Pediatrics
2345-5047
2345-5055
5
4
2017
04
01
Age at Menarche and its Related Factors among School Girls, in Zanjan, Iran
4755
4762
EN
Parisa
Khoshnevisasl
Zanjan Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Department of Pediatrics, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran.
khoshnevis@zums.ac.ir
Mansour
Sadeghzadeh
Zanjan Metabolic Disease Research Center, Department of Pediatrics, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran.
sadeghzadeh@zums.ac.ir
Saeideh
Mazloozadeh
0000-0001-6325-0662
Zanjan Social Determinants of Health Research center, Department of Epidemiology, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran.
smazloomzadeh@zums.ac.ir
Akefeh
Ahmadiafshar
0000-0002-9202-6915
Zanjan Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Department of Pediatrics, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran.
akefeh45@zums.ac.ir
Leila
Babri
Department of Pediatrics, Ayatollah Moussavi Hospital, School of Medicine, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran.
leilababri53@yahoo.com
10.22038/ijp.2017.21178.1779
<strong><em><span style="font-family: Times New Roman;">Background</span></em></strong><br /><span style="font-family: Times New Roman;">There are differences in the age at menarche in different countries and it seems that in recent decades gradually the age of puberty is declining. The aim of the present study was to determine the age at menarche and its related factors in school girls in Zanjan city, Iran.</span><br /><strong><em><span style="font-family: Times New Roman;">Materials and Methods</span></em></strong><br /><span style="font-family: Times New Roman;">This cross-sectional study was conducted on 1,500 healthy school girls between 6-17 years old who were selected on the basis of a multistage probability sampling. Age at menarche, birth weight, family size, Body Mass Index (BMI), fast food consumption, and physical activity, were recorded. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 16.0.</span><br /><strong><em><span style="font-family: Times New Roman;">Results</span></em></strong><br /><span style="font-family: Times New Roman;">Out of 1,500 students, 273 girls (18.2%) had experienced menarche with a mean age of 12.6±1.6 (95% confidence interval</span> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman;">[C]: 12.4-12.8), and a median age of 13 years. The prevalence of early menarche, was 10.3%, (95% CI: 6.6%-14.1%). A significant association between menarche and BMI, frequency of fast food consumption and birth rank was observed; however, we didn’t find a significant association between physical activity (P>0.05) and birth weight (P>0.05) with menarche. <br /><br /></span><br /><strong><em><span style="font-family: Times New Roman;">Conclusion</span></em></strong><br /><span style="font-family: Times New Roman;">The mean age of menarche in our study was 12.6±1.6 years old, similar to other studies in Iran, and it was significantly associated with higher BMI.</span>
Body mass index,Iran,Menarche,puberty,Students
https://ijp.mums.ac.ir/article_8167.html
https://ijp.mums.ac.ir/article_8167_100bfe17816c2187285ff6064610d0a3.pdf
Mashhad University of Medical Sciences
International Journal of Pediatrics
2345-5047
2345-5055
5
4
2017
04
01
The Prevalence of Internet Addiction and its Association with Depression, Anxiety, and Stress, among High-School Students
4763
4770
EN
Batool
Gholamian
MSc Student in Health Education, Department of Health Education and Promotion, School of Health, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
batol1354.gh@gmail.com
Hossein
Shahnazi
0000-0002-5901-3901
PhD in Health Education and Assistant Professor, Department of Health Education and Promotion, School of Health, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
h_shahnazi@yahoo.com
Akbar
Hassanzadeh
MSc in Biostatistics and Instructor, Department of Health Education and Promotion, School of Health, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
hassanzadeh@hlth.mui.ac.ir
10.22038/ijp.2017.22516.1883
<strong><em>Introduction</em></strong><br /> The Internet is an integral part of our everyday life. Aside from its positive effects, what have garnered researchers’ attention are its adverse side effects and adolescents’ addiction to it. The present study aimed to determine the prevalence of Internet addiction and its relationship to anxiety, stress, and depression among Iranian high-school students in Shahr-e Kord, Iran.<br /> <strong><em>Materials and Methods</em></strong><br /> The current cross-sectional study was conducted on 417high-school boys and girls in Shahr-e Kord in 2016. In order to gather data, a two-section questionnaire was applied. It included personal information and Young’s Internet Addiction Test, which explored the status of Internet addiction, and the Depression Anxiety and Stress Scales 21 (DASS-21), which investigated anxiety, stress, and depression among the students. The data were analyzed using SPSS version 20.0 software.<br /> <strong><em>Results</em></strong><br /> As for the prevalence of Internet addiction, 69.5% of the students were normal users, 27.6% had a mild addiction to the Internet, and 2.9% were severely addicted to the Internet. The results revealed that the mean score of anxiety, depression, and stress among the Internet Addiction was significantly higher than that among the normal Internet users (P< 0.001).<br /> <strong><em>Conclusion</em></strong><br /> Given the prevalence of Internet addiction among students in this study which is similar to some Europe countries and its significant association with anxiety, stress, and depression, it appears necessary to plan to take interventional measures and educate students about the optimal use of the Internet.
Anxiety,Depression,Internet addiction,Iran,stress,Students
https://ijp.mums.ac.ir/article_8505.html
https://ijp.mums.ac.ir/article_8505_90f819a445b970cb19d556a94268a7e8.pdf
Mashhad University of Medical Sciences
International Journal of Pediatrics
2345-5047
2345-5055
5
4
2017
04
01
Optimization of Radiological Protection in Pediatric Patients Undergoing Common Conventional Radiological Procedures: Effectiveness of Increasing the Film to Focus Distance (FFD)
4771
4782
EN
Vahid
Karami
0000-0003-1360-2054
Department of Medical Physics, School of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.
karami.ajums@yahoo.com
Mansour
Zabihzadeh
Department of Clinical Oncology, Golestan Hospital, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran AND Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, School of Dentistry, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.
manzabih@gmail.com
Nasim
Shams
0000-0003-1511-3609
Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, School of Dentistry, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.
nassham61@gmail.com
Abdolreza
Gilavand
Employed Experts on Faculty Appointments, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.
gilavanda@gmail.com
10.22038/ijp.2017.22010.1841
<strong><em>Background</em></strong><br /> Increasing the x-ray film to focus distance (FFD), has been recommended as a practical dose optimization tool for patients undergoing conventional radiological procedures. In the previous study, we demonstrated a 32% reduction in absorbed dose is achievable due to increasing the FFD from 100 to 130 cm during pediatric chest radiography. The aim of this study was to examine whether increasing the FFD from 100 to 130 cm is equally effective for other common radiological procedures and performing a literature review of published studies to address the feasibility and probable limitations against implementing this optimization tool in clinical practice.<br /> <strong><em>Materials and Methods</em></strong><br /> Radiographic examination of the pelvis (AP view), abdomen (AP view), skull (AP and lateral view), and spine (AP and lateral view), were taken of pediatric patients. The radiation dose and image quality of a radiological procedure is measured in FFD of 100 cm (reference FFD) and 130 cm (increased FFD). The thermo-luminescent dosimeters (TLD) were used for radiation dose measurements and visual grading analysis (VGA) for image quality assessments.<br /> <strong><em>Results: </em></strong>Statistically significant reduction in the ESD ranged from 21.91% for the lateral skull projection to 35.24% for the lateral spine projection was obtained, when the FFD was increased from 100 to 130 cm (P<0.05). Optimum image quality was obtained for all projections in both FFDs. VGA of the resultant images demonstrated a statistically non-significant minor increase in image quality of lateral skull and spine projections, when increasing from 100 to 130 cm FFDs (P>0.05).<br /> <strong><em>Conclusion</em></strong><br /> Increasing the FFD from 100 to 130 cm has significantly reduced radiation exposure without affecting on image quality. Our findings are commensurate with the literatures and emphasized that radiographers should learn to use of an updated reference FFD of 130 cm in clinical practice.
Film to focus distance (FFD),Image Quality,Pediatrics,Radiation Protection
https://ijp.mums.ac.ir/article_8333.html
https://ijp.mums.ac.ir/article_8333_d4d406e3933d052b595aa3d6dff0134d.pdf
Mashhad University of Medical Sciences
International Journal of Pediatrics
2345-5047
2345-5055
5
4
2017
04
01
Some of the Strongest Predisposing Factors on the Behavior of Tooth Brushing among Iranian School Age Children
4783
4791
EN
Mohtasham
Ghaffari
Associate Professor, Department of Public Health, School of Public Health, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
mohtashamg@yahoo.com
Mostafa
Nasirzadeh
Ph.D Candidate in Health Education and Health Promotion, Department of Public Health, School of Public Health, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
nasirzadehmostafa13@yahoo.com
Sakineh
Rakhshanderou
Assistant Professor, Department of Public Health, School of Public Health, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
s_rakhshanderou@yahoo.com
Ali
Ramezankhani
0000 0001 9180 4386
Professor, Department of Public Health, School of Public Health, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
aramezankhani@sbmu.ac.ir
10.22038/ijp.2017.22660.1892
<strong><em><span style="font-family: Times New Roman;">Background</span></em></strong><br /> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman;">Oral Health is a criterion for general health. Oral diseases have a chronic process as well as multifactorial nature. Predisposing factors are the strongest factors in behavior formation at personal level. The aim of this study was to determine the strongest predisposing factors affecting oral health behavior among Iranian school age children.</span><br /> <strong><em><span style="font-family: Times New Roman;">Materials and Methods</span></em></strong><br /> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman;">This descriptive-analytical study was conducted on 441 students (9-12 years old) in Rafsanjan city, Iran. Researcher-made questionnaire was used as data collection tool designed based on the reviewing scientific references, text and qualitative research, consisted of three parts including 8 demographic questions, 8 predisposing factors (Knowledge, Attitudes, Perceived Susceptibility, Severity and Benefits, Subjective Norms, Motivation to Comply and Observational Learning) and checklist of weekly behavior of tooth brushing. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 16.0 software. </span><br /> <strong><em><span style="font-family: Times New Roman;">Results</span></em></strong><br /> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman;">Mean score of majority of constructs, except for Knowledge, were at optimum level. Frequency of tooth brushing behavior of twice and more per day was equal to 66.1%. There was a statistically significant positive relationship between tooth brushing behavior and Knowledge of students (r=0.1, P<0.05). According to multi-criteria regression analysis, Knowledge and perceived severity had the strongest predicting role in daily behavior of tooth brushing.</span><br /> <strong><em><span style="font-family: Times New Roman;">Conclusion</span></em></strong><br /> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman;">Perceived severity and knowledge were most important predisposing factor and predictor of tooth brushing behavior among children. Considering these factors in designing interventions to improve the behavior of brushing is recommended.</span>
Iran,predisposing factors,Students,Tooth Brushing Behavior
https://ijp.mums.ac.ir/article_8533.html
https://ijp.mums.ac.ir/article_8533_e73acfc290547871d3095d33243f919e.pdf
Mashhad University of Medical Sciences
International Journal of Pediatrics
2345-5047
2345-5055
5
4
2017
04
01
Effect of Educational Program on Milk Consumption based on the Theory of Planned Behavior among Girl Students
4793
4802
EN
Afsaneh
Gholipour-Baboli
MD, General Practitioner, Ma’anavy PHC Center, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran.
agh.baboli@yahoo.com
Azam
Toranjinejad
BSc in Midwifery, Manager of Ma’anavy PHC Center, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan. Iran.
toranjinejada@yahoo.com
Hamid Reza
Gilasi
PhD, Assistant Professor of Epidemiology, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran.
gilasi@gmail.com
Seyed Alireza
Moravejy
MD, Associate Professor of Community Medicine, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran.
ar_moravejy@yahoo.com
Zabihollah
Gharlipour
Department of Health Education and Promotion, Faculty of Health, Qom University of Medical Sciences, Qom, Iran.
gharlipourz@yahoo.com
Tahereh
Ramezani
MSc Student in Health Education and Promotion, Faculty of Health, Qom University of Medical Sciences, Qom, Iran.
ta.ramezani@yahoo.com
10.22038/ijp.2016.7707
<strong><em><span>Background</span></em></strong><br /> <span>An adequate level of calcium intake during growth years can extensively help to stabilize calcium level and increase bone density. However, calcium intake in female school-age students is low. This study aimed to determine effect of educational programs on milk consumption based on the theory of planned behavior among 7th grade girl students in Kashan city, Iran. </span><br /> <strong><em><span>Materials and Methods: </span></em></strong><span>This studywas interventional quasi‑experimental</span><span>research. 220 girl students (110 for interventional group and 110 for control group), were selected by simple random sampling from schools in Kashan city, Iran. The researcher-made questionnaire based on theory of planned behavior used for data collection. Interventional programs were performed using lectures, poster, and pamphlet. The questionnaire was completed by the students twice, before and two months after the implementation of educational program. Data were analyzed by SPSS version 20.0 using descriptive statistics and independent t-test.</span><br /> <strong><em><span>Results: </span></em></strong><span>After the implementation of the educational programs, the rate of milk consumption at home significantly increased among the interventional group (P<0.05). Also, there was a significantly increase in the mean scores of attitude (P < 0.05), subjective norms (P< 0.05), perceived behavioral control (P< 0.05), and intention of milk consumption (P < 0.001) in the interventional group.</span><br /> <strong><em><span>Conclusion</span></em></strong><br /> <span>Educational programs based on the theory of planned behavior led to an increase in the scores of attitude, subjective norm, perceived behavioral control, and milk consumption intention among girl students. Thus, educational interventions and programs should be designed and implemented based on the theories of health education.</span>
Behavior,Educational programs,Milk,Students
https://ijp.mums.ac.ir/article_7707.html
https://ijp.mums.ac.ir/article_7707_8eb71d8e004b29ccd3f62049b257101a.pdf