International Journal of Pediatrics

original article

Clinical Signs and Causes of Chronic Kidney Disease in Pediatrics

Elham Zarifi; Simin Sadeghi-Bojd; Alireza Teimouri

Volume 10, Issue 8 , August 2022, Pages 16434-16448

https://doi.org/10.22038/ijp.2022.65403.4934

Abstract

Background: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a worldwide medical condition with increasing frequency that impairs the quality of life of children. This study aimed to assess the clinical ... Read More

original article

Epidemiology and Risk Factors of Diabetic Nephropathy in Children and Adolescents

Afshin Ghalehgolab Behbahan; Arezou Hasanzadeh; Siamak Shiva; Zahra Golchinfar

Volume 10, Issue 8 , August 2022, Pages 16449-16459

https://doi.org/10.22038/ijp.2022.64258.4880

Abstract

Background: Diabetes mellitus is the most common childhood metabolic disease whose prevalence has been increasing worldwide in recent decades. Diabetic nephropathy is one of the most ... Read More Background: Diabetes mellitus is the most common childhood metabolic disease whose prevalence has been increasing worldwide in recent decades. Diabetic nephropathy is one of the most important chronic complications of both types of diabetes (type one and two), which seriously increases the morbidity and mortality of diabetes. The present study evaluated the epidemiology and risk factors of diabetic nephropathy in children with diabetes in the northwestern region of Iran. Method: In this cross-sectional study, 80 diabetic children, 33 (41.3%) males and 47 (58.7%) females with a mean age of 16.69± 4.50 years at the time of assessment, have been identified, evaluated, and followed up in the endocrinology clinic of Tabriz Children's Hospital from 2000 to 2015. The patients were divided into two groups based on the presence or absence of micro- or overt albuminuria, and different variables were compared between the two groups to determine risk factors. Results: The mean age at the diagnosis was 7.75 ± 3.69 and the mean duration of diabetes was 8.98± 4.07 years. Good glycemic control was presented in 19 (23.8%), microalbuminuria in 36 (45%), overt albuminuria in 1 (1.3%), and retinopathy in 5 (6.3%) of patients; 7 (8.8%) had hypertension. Chronic kidney disease was found to be stage I in 90% and stage II in 10% of the patients. There was a significant difference between cases with and without albuminuria in terms of age at the time of the study (p=0.003), duration of diabetes (p=0.02), and serum cholesterol level (p=0.04). Linear Regression test showed that «the age at diagnosis» has a significant ability to predict the incidence of albuminuria (p = 0.03). Conclusion: Due to the significant frequency of poor glycemic control in children and adolescents and the high prevalence of albuminuria in them, it is recommended to evaluate the renal function in diabetic children, especially in older patients, those with longer duration of diabetes or poor glycemic control.

original article

Attitudes of Young Adult athletes towards E-Learning and Playing Digital Games for Learning Sports

Çetin Tan

Volume 10, Issue 8 , August 2022, Pages 16460-16468

https://doi.org/10.22038/ijp.2022.63116.4818

Abstract

Background: This study aimed at investigating the attitudes of young adults towards e-learning and playing digital games for learning sports. Method: The research group consisted of ... Read More

original article

Is Maternal Hypertension a Reducing Factor for Intraventricular Hemorrhage in Iranian Preterm Newborns?

Mandana Kashaki; Maryam Saboute; Maryam Esmaeili Allafi; Elahe Norouzi

Volume 10, Issue 8 , August 2022, Pages 16469-16476

https://doi.org/10.22038/ijp.2022.63523.4840

Abstract

Background: Hypertensive disorders of pregnancy including preeclampsia can be associated with preterm birth and infant mortality and morbidity. It seems that intraventricular hemorrhage ... Read More

original article

Effects of Parent-Child Interaction Therapy on Behavioral Problems of Children with Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder in Iran

Zeynab Azhdari; Marjan Alizadeh; Rezvan Homaei

Volume 10, Issue 8 , August 2022, Pages 16477-16485

https://doi.org/10.22038/ijp.2022.64370.4885

Abstract

Background: Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is an important behavioral disorder that causes considerable individual and social difficulties, creating significant emotional ... Read More

original article

Evaluation of Mutations in SARS-CoV-2 N and S Genes on the Proteins Stability, Immunogenicity, and Pathogenicity in Iranian Patients from Golestan Province

Bahman Aghcheli; Alireza Tahamtan; Hadi Razavi Nikoo; Zahra Bazi; Mohammad Reza Kalani; Abdolvahab Moradi

Volume 10, Issue 8 , August 2022, Pages 16486-16497

https://doi.org/10.22038/ijp.2022.64880.4906

Abstract

Background: Natural selection such as mutations is known as a constant process for viral fitness and selective adaptation. Understanding the effects of each mutation, especially on ... Read More Background: Natural selection such as mutations is known as a constant process for viral fitness and selective adaptation. Understanding the effects of each mutation, especially on structural proteins in the viral life cycle, is important in tracking the viruses behavior. Here, we evaluated the effects of mutations in SARS-CoV-2 nucleoprotein (N) and spike (S) genes on the protein stability, immunogenicity, and pathogenicity in Iranian COVID-19 patients from Golestan province. Methods: In this study, 8 SARS-CoV-2 RNA samples were enrolled from referral hospitals in Golestan province. These samples were confirmed using a real-time RT-PCR assay targeting the SARS-CoV-2 nucleoprotein (N) and ORF1ab genes (Pishtazteb, Iran). Next-generation sequencing (NGS) was done on samples and subsequent sequences were retrieved from Global Initiative on Sharing All Influenza Data (GISAID) EpiCoV database. Structural analysis was performed between wild type (Wuhan accession number: NC_045512.2) and mutant N and S proteins to evaluate their stability, immunogenicity, and pathogenicity via bioinformatics servers such as Dynamut, Prodigy, IEDB, and software’s (Mega XI and Pymol II.V.II visualizer). Results: Amino acid codon changes in N and S proteins show that mutations could alter the translation efficiency. Normal Mode Analysis (NMA) by Dynamut server shows that stability and flexibility are changed by the mutations of these proteins. Immunogenicity analysis indicates the potential effects of some mutations such as P681H, Q675R, L699I, and D3L on immune escape. Interaction complex binding energy and affinity are higher in the mutant type compared to the Wuhan wild type, indicating higher pathogenicity. Conclusion: The results indicate that there are some important mutations in N and S genes that affect the virus behavior in the infectivity. Regarding the sample size limitation and various mutations in SARS-CoV-2 variants, other studies using whole-genome sequencing with larger sample sizes will be required. Therefore, continuous monitoring of the SARS-CoV-2 genome seems important.

original article

HLADQ2 and HLADQ8 Alleles Are Associated with Celiac Disease in Children

Seyed Ali Jafari; Zahra Chaichi; Mohammad Hammoud; Hamidreza Kianifar; Fatemeh Mir

Volume 10, Issue 8 , August 2022, Pages 16498-16504

https://doi.org/10.22038/ijp.2022.64904.4908

Abstract

Background: Celiac disease is the permanent intolerance to dietary gluten, the major protein component of wheat. The role of human leukocyte antigen (HLA) DQ2 heterodimer (DQA1*0501-DQB1*0201) ... Read More

original article

Oral Immunotherapy in Children: Ige-Dependent Food Allergy to Milk or Wheat

Fasihe Mazandarani; Hamid Ahanchian; Nasrin Moazzen

Volume 10, Issue 8 , August 2022, Pages 16505-16514

https://doi.org/10.22038/ijp.2022.65347.4928

Abstract

Oral Immunotherapy (OIT) is an effective strategy for improving food allergy tolerance. OIT has been introduced as a novel immune-modulating medication for food allergies. Other immunomodulatory ... Read More

original article

The Effectiveness of Psychological Well-being Training on Negative Automatic Thoughts and Resilience of Female Adolescents with Rumination in Tehran

Zahra Shirvani Krick; Maryam Soleimani Hasan Abadi; Sanaz Bagheri; Arezoo Omidpoor; Javad Seyed Jafari; Kimia Dehbozorgi

Volume 10, Issue 8 , August 2022, Pages 16515-16525

https://doi.org/10.22038/ijp.2021.56922.4461

Abstract

Background: While there is a strong link between rumination and internalizing psychopathology over the lifespan, the development of rumination is not well understood. This study aimed ... Read More

original article

The Mediating Role of Perceived Stress in the Relationship between Personality Traits and Negative Automatic Thoughts in Adolescents with Migraine

Forooz Darvish; Fatemeh Riyahi; Maryam Ghorbani Nejad; Samineh Razazan; Sanaz Bagheri; Javad Seyed Jafari

Volume 10, Issue 8 , August 2022, Pages 16526-16537

https://doi.org/10.22038/ijp.2021.57415.4506

Abstract

Background: Literature suggests that chronic headaches, particularly migraines, in adolescents are crucially affected by psychological problems. In addition, groundbreaking studies ... Read More

original article

The Effects of Parental Socioeconomic Status on Children’ Physical Activity: Mediating Role of Motivation

Shaghayegh Hashemi Motlagh; Tayebeh BaniAsadi; Zahra Chaharbaghi; Lida Moradi

Volume 10, Issue 8 , August 2022, Pages 16538-16544

https://doi.org/10.22038/ijp.2022.63421.4834

Abstract

Background: An important determinant of health and wellbeing is socioeconomic status as it can influence an individual’s exposure to several risk factors across the lifespan. ... Read More Background: An important determinant of health and wellbeing is socioeconomic status as it can influence an individual’s exposure to several risk factors across the lifespan. Previous studies, using the self-report scales, have demonstrated that parental socioeconomic status is associated with physical activity in children. However, due to limitations of self-reporting methods, we aimed to assess the association between the parental socioeconomic statuses with accelerometer-measured physical activity among children. Motivation was included as a mediator.Method: 126 participants (45 girls, mean age of 10.92±1.89 years) wore the accelerometer for seven consecutive days. Parental socioeconomic status was measured by two items, namely, the parents’ education level and household income. The Intrinsic Motivation Scale was applied to measure motivation. Structural equation modeling was performed to analyze data.Results: 74% of our sample was at medium level of parental socioeconomic status. Accelerometer data demonstrated that children spent 74.29% of the total time in sedentary behaviors, 17.20% in light physical activity, and 8.81% in Moderate-to-Vigorous Physical Activity (MVPA). On average, the daily time spent in MVPA was 45.19 minutes, which is below the WHO guideline. In fact, 27.7% (n=35) of children fulfilled the guideline. The results showed that parental socioeconomic status had significant effects on motivation (T=4.129) and MVPA (T=5.097). Moreover, motivation had a significant effect on MVPA (T=2.679). Finally, motivation significantly mediated the association between socioeconomic status and MVPA (P<0.001).Conclusion: As demonstrated in the findings, the socioeconomic statuses of parents and physical activity have become critical concerns about children. Accordingly, in order to increase the level of MVPA among children, large scale programs should be developed by the stakeholders to increase the parents’ socioeconomic status level.

original article

The Relationship between 5-Year-Old Children’s Weight Percentiles and Their Family Dietary Habits

Mahzad Ghafouri; Reza Ahmadi; Mehdi Talebi; Shabnam Niroumand

Volume 10, Issue 8 , August 2022, Pages 16545-16552

https://doi.org/10.22038/ijp.2022.65044.4918

Abstract

Background: Childhood Nutrition plays an important role in people's health. The purpose of this study was to investigate the relation between family nutritional status and the body ... Read More Background: Childhood Nutrition plays an important role in people's health. The purpose of this study was to investigate the relation between family nutritional status and the body mass index (BMI) of children. Methods: This observational cross-sectional-analytical study considered documents of 2697 kids with five years of age who were under the auspices of Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran in 2019. Their related documents as well as their nutritional status were registered in the Iranian integrated health information system. Household demographic information including family nutritional information like fruit consumption, vegetable consumption, and daily dairy consumption, fast food consumption per week and type of oil consumed were questioned. Based on the weight percentile, they were categorized in four groups underweight, normal, obesity and overweight. Results: There were significant differences between the frequencies of the participants’ consuming low or high daily amounts (under 2 and more than 2 shares) of the nutritional components (fruit, veg, dairy, and fast food) in each weight category (P <0.001). The frequencies of the consumers of liquid oil, in different weight categories, were also significantly different with the frequencies of those who used a combination of solid and liquid oils (P <0.001). However, there was not a significant relationship between the different consumed nutritional components and the BMI (P>0.05). Moreover, the children’s BMI was not significantly correlated with education, smoking and age of mothers. Conclusion: The results of the study showed that the daily consumption of fruits, vegetables, dairy products, different types of oils consumed and food consumption per week significantly correlated with weight categories of the five-year-old children under study. Therefore, in order to have a healthier population, it is critical to evaluate the nutritional condition of children during this period.

original article

Evaluating the Effectiveness of a Parent Training Protocol Based on an Acceptance and Commitment Therapy on Happiness and Mental Adjustment among Mothers with Slow Paced Children

Zahra Fadae; Masoumeh Royan; Fatemeh Ziaee; Roshanak Namazi; javad Seyed Jafari; Sara Moussavi

Volume 10, Issue 8 , August 2022, Pages 16553-16563

https://doi.org/10.22038/ijp.2021.54499.4307

Abstract

Background: The birth of a mentally retarded child can have a profound impact on the entire family; parents face many logistical and emotional difficulties that can impact their happiness ... Read More

systematic review

Postpartum Mental Health and Its Relationship with Mediating Social Determinants of Health in Iran based on the WHO Model: A Systematic Review

Sahahr - Roozbahani; Mahrokh Dolatian; Zohreh Mahmoodi; Atefeh Zandifar; Hamid Alavi Majd; Saeideh Nasiri

Volume 10, Issue 8 , August 2022, Pages 16564-16605

https://doi.org/10.22038/ijp.2022.65973.4967

Abstract

Background: Pregnancy is a complex and vulnerable period that causes some challenges including the development of postpartum psychiatric disorders (PPDs) for women. Identifying the ... Read More Background: Pregnancy is a complex and vulnerable period that causes some challenges including the development of postpartum psychiatric disorders (PPDs) for women. Identifying the factors associated with these disorders can be effective in reducing maternal symptoms and supporting mother, child and family. The aim of this study was to identify the relationship between postpartum mental health and mediating social determinants of health in Iran.Methods: In this systematic review, the Persian and English observational studies in Iran were obtained through advanced search in online databases, such as PubMed, Scopus, EMBASE, SID, Magiran, Psycinfo, and Google Scholar search engine in the period of January 2005 to August 5, 2021 using the following keywords: social determinants, mediating factors, social support, mental health, risk factors, postpartum, Iran, and their English equivalents through Mesh. Articles were selected based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria and quality assessment of articles was performed using the standard Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS).Results: Out of 42 eligible articles (total sample: 39216), 40 articles examined the relationship between postpartum depression and 2 articles studied the relationship of maternal grief with some mediating social determinants. In general, these factors were classified into five categories, including midwifery and pregnancy-related factors, psychosocial conditions, factors related to postpartum status, behavioral factors and material status or conditions, and health care.Conclusion: Mothers' mental health is affected by many underlying factors; Therefore, identifying the risk factors associated with mental disorders in this population based on the model of the WHO (World Health Organization), especially in the mediating area (Material and environmental conditions, Psychosocial, Behavioral factors, Health system) due to the extent of this area is very important.

case report

Multiple Brain Abscesses Complicating Enterobacter Cloacae Sepsis in a Preterm Neonate with Atypical MRI Appearance: A Case Report

Baraa M. M. Sharawi; Motasem H. M. Haif; Motee H. S. Abu Awwad; DiaaAldeen M. Abu Alreesh; Monika Bekiesińska-Figatowska

Volume 10, Issue 8 , August 2022, Pages 16606-16613

https://doi.org/10.22038/ijp.2022.65721.4959

Abstract

Multiple brain abscesses in neonates are extremely rare and occur as an unusual complication of bacterial meningitis or sepsis. There are many bacterial pathogens reported to cause ... Read More

case report

Caudal Duplication Syndrome: A Case Report of Challenging Imaging Findings and Management

Masood Mahdavi Rashed; Ahmad Mohammadipour; Samaneh Najafi; Malihe Seyedhoseini

Volume 10, Issue 8 , August 2022, Pages 16614-16619

https://doi.org/10.22038/ijp.2021.54433.4304

Abstract

Caudal duplication syndrome is a rare congenital disease caused by duplication of cloaca and notochord embryonic structures in various forms. The estimated prevalence of this syndrome ... Read More

Volume 12 (2024)

Volume 11 (2023)

Volume 10 (2022)

Volume 9 (2021)

Volume 8 (2020)

Volume 7 (2019)

Volume 6 (2018)

Volume 5 (2017)

Volume 4 (2016)

Volume 3 (2015)

Volume 2 (2014)

Volume 1 (2013)

Volume & Issue: Volume 10, Issue 8, August 2022, Pages 16434-16619

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